Paper · 2023 · International Journal of Environment and Climate Change

Effect of Selected Bio-pesticides and Chemicals against Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer, Leucinodes orbonalis (Guenee.) in Trans Yamuna Region of Prayagraj, India

Apparala Chenna Reddy; Usha Yadav

15
claims
44
verbatim quotes
1
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

The experiment was conducted at the Central Research Farm (CRF), SHUATS, Naini, Prayagraj during Rabi 2022. Seven treatments were evaluated against, Leucinodes orbonalis i.e., Emamectin benzoate 5% SG @ 0.4ml/lit (T1) (14.34), Neem oil 5% @ 5ml/lit (T2) (20.71), Spinosad 45% SC @ 0.5ml/lit (T3) (12.97), Chlorantraniliprole 20% SC @ 0.5ml/lit (T4) (9.98), Beauveria bassiana @ 2gm/lit (T5) (17.04), Indoxacarb 14.5% SC @ 0.5ml/lit (T6) (15.67), Metarhizium anisopliae @ 4gm/lit (T7) (18.51). The yields among the treatments were significant. The highest yield was recorded in T4 Chlorantraniliprole 20 SC (168 q/ha) followed by, T3 Spinosad 45 SC (159 q/ha), T1 Emamectin Benzoate 5 SG (136 q/ha), T6 Indoxacarb 14.5 SC (133 q/ha), T5 Beauveria bassiana (112 q/ha), T7 Metarhizium anisopliae (103 q/ha), and the treatments T2 Neem oil 5% (100 q/ha) was least effective among all the treatments. Control plot T8 (74 q/ha) yield. When cost benefit ratio worked out, interesting result was achieved, among the treatment studied, the best and most economical treatment recorded in T4 Chlorantraniliprole 20 SC (1:7.10) followed by, T3 Spinosad 45 SC (1:6.47), T1 Emamectin Benzoate 5 SG (1:6.34), T6 Indoxacarb 14.5 SC (1:5.71), T5 Beauveria bassiana (1:5.65), T7 Metarhizium anisopliae (1:5.11), and the treatments T2 Neem oil 5% (1:4.99) was least effective among all the treatments. Control plot T8 (1:3.86) was recorded.

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Claims 15

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Chlorantraniliprole treatment had the highest yield, 168 q/ha.

Treatment
T4 Chlorantraniliprole 20 SCe0
Interactor
Leucinodes orbonalisLeucinodes orbonalist0pest
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
higheste0
Value
168 q/hae0
Comparator
Control plot T8e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena · TaxonBeraDigle · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Leucinodes orbonalis
Leucinodes orbonalis · InteractorDonald Hobern · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The yields among the treatments were significant. The highest yield was recorded in T4 Chlorantraniliprole 20 SC (168 q/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 493–616 · show in text ↑
e1

“Control plot T8 (74 q/ha) yield.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 896–928 · show in text ↑
t0

“Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer, Leucinodes orbonalis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–107 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Spinosad treatment yielded 159 q/ha.

Treatment
T3 Spinosad 45 SCe0
Interactor
Leucinodes orbonalisLeucinodes orbonalist0pest
Outcome
yielde1
Direction
higherinferrede0
Value
159 q/hae0
Comparator
Control plot T8e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena · TaxonBeraDigle · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Leucinodes orbonalis
Leucinodes orbonalis · InteractorDonald Hobern · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“T3 Spinosad 45 SC (159 q/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 630–658 · show in text ↑
e1

“Control plot T8 (74 q/ha) yield.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 896–928 · show in text ↑
t0

“Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer, Leucinodes orbonalis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–107 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Emamectin Benzoate treatment yielded 136 q/ha.

Treatment
T1 Emamectin Benzoate 5 SGe0
Interactor
Leucinodes orbonalisLeucinodes orbonalist0pest
Outcome
yielde1
Direction
higherinferrede0
Value
136 q/hae0
Comparator
Control plot T8e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena · TaxonBeraDigle · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Leucinodes orbonalis
Leucinodes orbonalis · InteractorDonald Hobern · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“T1 Emamectin Benzoate 5 SG (136 q/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 660–697 · show in text ↑
e1

“Control plot T8 (74 q/ha) yield.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 896–928 · show in text ↑
t0

“Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer, Leucinodes orbonalis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–107 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Indoxacarb treatment yielded 133 q/ha.

Treatment
T6 Indoxacarb 14.5 SCe0
Interactor
Leucinodes orbonalisLeucinodes orbonalist0pest
Outcome
yielde1
Direction
higherinferrede0
Value
133 q/hae0
Comparator
Control plot T8e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena · TaxonBeraDigle · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Leucinodes orbonalis
Leucinodes orbonalis · InteractorDonald Hobern · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“T6 Indoxacarb 14.5 SC (133 q/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 699–731 · show in text ↑
e1

“Control plot T8 (74 q/ha) yield.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 896–928 · show in text ↑
t0

“Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer, Leucinodes orbonalis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–107 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Beauveria bassiana treatment yielded 112 q/ha.

Treatment
T5 Beauveria bassianae0
Interactor
Leucinodes orbonalisLeucinodes orbonalist0pest
Second interactor
Beauveria bassianaBeauveria bassianae0biocontrol_agent
Outcome
yielde1
Direction
higherinferrede0
Value
112 q/hae0
Comparator
Control plot T8e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena · TaxonBeraDigle · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Leucinodes orbonalis
Leucinodes orbonalis · InteractorDonald Hobern · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Beauveria bassiana
Beauveria bassiana · Second interactorBealeiderman · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“T5 Beauveria bassiana (112 q/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 733–765 · show in text ↑
e1

“Control plot T8 (74 q/ha) yield.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 896–928 · show in text ↑
t0

“Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer, Leucinodes orbonalis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–107 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Metarhizium anisopliae treatment yielded 103 q/ha.

Treatment
T7 Metarhizium anisopliaee0
Interactor
Leucinodes orbonalisLeucinodes orbonalist0pest
Second interactor
Metarhizium anisopliaeMetarhizium anisopliaee0biocontrol_agent
Outcome
yielde1
Direction
higherinferrede0
Value
103 q/hae0
Comparator
Control plot T8e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena · TaxonBeraDigle · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Leucinodes orbonalis
Leucinodes orbonalis · InteractorDonald Hobern · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Metarhizium anisopliae
Metarhizium anisopliae · Second interactor · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryChengshu Wang and Yuxian Xia · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“T7 Metarhizium anisopliae (103 q/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 767–803 · show in text ↑
e1

“Control plot T8 (74 q/ha) yield.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 896–928 · show in text ↑
t0

“Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer, Leucinodes orbonalis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–107 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Neem oil was least effective among tested treatments and yielded 100 q/ha.

Treatment
T2 Neem oil 5%e0
Interactor
Leucinodes orbonalisLeucinodes orbonalist0pest
Outcome
yielde1
Direction
least effectivee0
Value
100 q/hae0
Comparator
Control plot T8e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena · TaxonBeraDigle · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Leucinodes orbonalis
Leucinodes orbonalis · InteractorDonald Hobern · CC BY 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“T2 Neem oil 5% (100 q/ha) was least effective among all the treatments.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 824–895 · show in text ↑
e1

“Control plot T8 (74 q/ha) yield.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 896–928 · show in text ↑
t0

“Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer, Leucinodes orbonalis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–107 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chlorantraniliprole had the best cost benefit ratio, 1:7.10.

Treatment
T4 Chlorantraniliprole 20 SCe0
Outcome
most economical treatmente0
Direction
beste0
Value
1:7.10e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena · TaxonBeraDigle · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the best and most economical treatment recorded in T4 Chlorantraniliprole 20 SC (1:7.10)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1027–1115 · show in text ↑
t0

“Brinjal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–63 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Spinosad had a cost benefit ratio of 1:6.47.

Treatment
T3 Spinosad 45 SCe0
Outcome
cost benefit ratioe1
Value
1:6.47e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena · TaxonBeraDigle · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“T3 Spinosad 45 SC (1:6.47)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1129–1155 · show in text ↑
e1

“cost benefit ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 934–952 · show in text ↑
t0

“Brinjal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–63 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Emamectin Benzoate had a cost benefit ratio of 1:6.34.

Treatment
T1 Emamectin Benzoate 5 SGe0
Outcome
cost benefit ratioe1
Value
1:6.34e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena · TaxonBeraDigle · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“T1 Emamectin Benzoate 5 SG (1:6.34)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1157–1192 · show in text ↑
e1

“cost benefit ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 934–952 · show in text ↑
t0

“Brinjal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–63 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Indoxacarb had a cost benefit ratio of 1:5.71.

Treatment
T6 Indoxacarb 14.5 SCe0
Outcome
cost benefit ratioe1
Value
1:5.71e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena · TaxonBeraDigle · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“T6 Indoxacarb 14.5 SC (1:5.71)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1194–1224 · show in text ↑
e1

“cost benefit ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 934–952 · show in text ↑
t0

“Brinjal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–63 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Beauveria bassiana had a cost benefit ratio of 1:5.65.

Treatment
T5 Beauveria bassianae0
Outcome
cost benefit ratioe1
Value
1:5.65e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena · TaxonBeraDigle · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“T5 Beauveria bassiana (1:5.65)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1226–1256 · show in text ↑
e1

“cost benefit ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 934–952 · show in text ↑
t0

“Brinjal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–63 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Metarhizium anisopliae had a cost benefit ratio of 1:5.11.

Treatment
T7 Metarhizium anisopliaee0
Outcome
cost benefit ratioe1
Value
1:5.11e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena · TaxonBeraDigle · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“T7 Metarhizium anisopliae (1:5.11)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1258–1292 · show in text ↑
e1

“cost benefit ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 934–952 · show in text ↑
t0

“Brinjal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–63 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Neem oil had the lowest treatment cost benefit ratio, 1:4.99.

Treatment
T2 Neem oil 5%e0
Outcome
cost benefit ratioe1
Direction
least effectivee0
Value
1:4.99e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena · TaxonBeraDigle · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“T2 Neem oil 5% (1:4.99) was least effective among all the treatments.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1313–1382 · show in text ↑
e1

“cost benefit ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 934–952 · show in text ↑
t0

“Brinjal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–63 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The control plot had a cost benefit ratio of 1:3.86.

Treatment
Control plot T8e0
Outcome
cost benefit ratioe1
Value
1:3.86e0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena · TaxonBeraDigle · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Control plot T8 (1:3.86) was recorded.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1383–1421 · show in text ↑
e1

“cost benefit ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 934–952 · show in text ↑
t0

“Brinjal”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 56–63 · show in text ↑

Beauveria bassiana · Leucinodes orbonalis · Solanum melongena (eggplant)Positive and negative results

10 papers: 9 positive, 1 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. positive

6 papers more in this group

See all 10 papers →

indoxacarb · Leucinodes orbonalis · Solanum melongena (eggplant)Positive and negative results

16 papers: 15 positive, 1 negative or no effect

14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. positive

12 papers more in this group

See all 16 papers →

chlorantraniliprole · Leucinodes orbonalis · Solanum melongena (eggplant)Positive and negative results

32 papers: 31 positive, 1 negative or no effect

30 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. negative

28 papers more in this group

See all 32 papers →

Metarhizium anisopliae · Leucinodes orbonalis · Solanum melongena (eggplant)Results agree

6 papers: 6 positive, 0 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

2 papers more in this group

See all 6 papers →

spinosad · Leucinodes orbonalis · Solanum melongena (eggplant)Results agree

45 papers: 45 positive, 0 negative or no effect

44 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

41 papers more in this group

See all 45 papers →

emamectin benzoate · Leucinodes orbonalis · Solanum melongena (eggplant)Results agree

45 papers: 45 positive, 0 negative or no effect

44 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

41 papers more in this group

See all 45 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.