Abstract
Two cultivars of rice (Sakha101 and Giza178) were grown in open-top chambers under O 3 (75 ppb/h) and/or treated with different concentrations of nickel sulphate (0, 10, 50 and 100 M).The damaging effect of both stresses was more pronounced and manifested certain differences between the two varieties.Exposure of tolerant and sensitive cultivars to Ni +2 or fumigation with O 3 reduced shoots and roots dry weights, leaf relative water content, chlorophyll fluorescence and mineral content.Contrary, a significant accumulation of total phenolics, flavonoids and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity together with quercetin, catechin and gallic acid were recorded.Based on leaves scanning and transmission electron microscope, both stresses separately had negative effects on stomatal response, epicuticular waxy hairs and papillae.The effect of Ni +2 and O 3 on leaf ultrastructure was observed most conspicuously in the chloroplasts, which revealed alterations in shape and the construction of the thylakoid membranes.Anatomical study of roots displayed variations and disintegration of the exodermis, endodermis, cortex and vascular cylinder.SDS-PAGE protein profile of shoots from the two cultivars revealed qualitative and quantitative changes.Taken together, the interaction between Ni +2 and O 3 were, antagonistic on physiological, ultrastuctural alterations and up-down regulated proteins to counteract the negative effects of both pollutants.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Nickel or ozone reduced rice shoot and root dry weights.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Ni +2 or fumigation with O 3e0
- Outcome
- shoots and roots dry weightse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exposure of tolerant and sensitive cultivars to Ni +2 or fumigation with O 3 reduced shoots and roots dry weights, leaf relative water content, chlorophyll fluorescence and mineral content”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa) Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Nickel or ozone reduced rice leaf relative water content and chlorophyll fluorescence.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Ni +2 or fumigation with O 3e0
- Outcome
- leaf relative water content, chlorophyll fluorescencee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exposure of tolerant and sensitive cultivars to Ni +2 or fumigation with O 3 reduced shoots and roots dry weights, leaf relative water content, chlorophyll fluorescence and mineral content”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa) Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Nickel or ozone reduced rice mineral content.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Ni +2 or fumigation with O 3e0
- Outcome
- mineral contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exposure of tolerant and sensitive cultivars to Ni +2 or fumigation with O 3 reduced shoots and roots dry weights, leaf relative water content, chlorophyll fluorescence and mineral content”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa) Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Stress significantly increased rice total phenolics and flavonoids.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- significant accumulation of total phenolics, flavonoidse0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Contrary, a significant accumulation of total phenolics, flavonoids and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity together with quercetin, catechin and gallic acid were recorded”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa) Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Stress significantly increased rice phenylalanine ammonia lyase activity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL)e0
- Outcome
- phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activitye0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Contrary, a significant accumulation of total phenolics, flavonoids and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity together with quercetin, catechin and gallic acid were recorded”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa) Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Stress significantly increased rice quercetin, catechin, and gallic acid.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- quercetin, catechin and gallic acide0
- Direction
- accumulatione0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Contrary, a significant accumulation of total phenolics, flavonoids and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity together with quercetin, catechin and gallic acid were recorded”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa) Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Nickel and ozone separately harmed rice stomatal response, epicuticular waxy hairs, and papillae.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- both stressese0
- Outcome
- stomatal response, epicuticular waxy hairs and papillaee0
- Direction
- negative effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both stresses separately had negative effects on stomatal response, epicuticular waxy hairs and papillae”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa) Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Nickel and ozone altered rice chloroplast shape and thylakoid membrane construction.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- chloroplastse0
- Outcome
- alterations in shape and the construction of the thylakoid membranese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chloroplasts, which revealed alterations in shape and the construction of the thylakoid membranes”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa) Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice roots showed variation and disintegration of the exodermis, endodermis, cortex, and vascular cylinder.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- variations and disintegration of the exodermis, endodermis, cortex and vascular cylindere0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Anatomical study of roots displayed variations and disintegration of the exodermis, endodermis, cortex and vascular cylinder”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa) Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice shoot protein profiles showed qualitative and quantitative changes.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Outcome
- SDS-PAGE protein profilee0
- Direction
- changese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SDS-PAGE protein profile of shoots from the two cultivars revealed qualitative and quantitative changes”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa) Cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined nickel and ozone stresses were antagonistic in physiological and ultrastructural changes and protein regulation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Ni +2 and O 3e0
- Outcome
- physiological, ultrastuctural alterations and up-down regulated proteinse0
- Direction
- antagonistice0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the interaction between Ni +2 and O 3 were, antagonistic on physiological, ultrastuctural alterations and up-down regulated proteins”
t0“Rice (Oryza sativa) Cultivars”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.