Abstract
Increased surface ozone (O3) pollution seriously threatens crop production, and ethylenediurea (EDU) can alleviate crop yield reduction caused by O3. However, the reason for the decrease in grain nitrogen (N) accumulation caused by O3 and whether EDU serves as N fertilizer remain unclear. An experiment was conducted to investigate the impacts of factorial combinations of O3 enrichment (ambient air plus 60 ppb) and EDU (foliage spray with 450 ppm solutions) on N concentration, accumulation and remobilization in hybrid rice seedlings. Compared to ambient condition, elevated O3 significantly inhibited the N accumulation in vegetative organs during anthesis and grain N accumulation during the maturity stage. Elevated O3 significantly decreased the total N accumulation during anthesis and maturity stages, with a greater impact at the latter stage. The decrease in grain N accumulation caused by O3 was attributed to a decrease in N remobilization of vegetative organs during the grain filling period as well as to a decrease in post-anthesis N uptake. However, there was no significant change in the proportion of N remobilization and N uptake in grain N accumulation. The inhibitory effect of O3 on N remobilization in the upper canopy leaves was greater than that in the lower canopy leaves. In addition, elevated O3 increased the N accumulation of panicles at the anthesis stage, mainly by resulting in earlier heading of rice. EDU only increased N accumulation at the maturity stage, which was mainly attributed to an increase in rice biomass by EDU. EDU had no significant effect on N concentration, N remobilization process, and N harvest index. The findings are helpful to better understand the utilization of N fertilizer by rice under O3 pollution, and can also provide a theoretical basis for sustainable nutrient management to alleviate the negative impact of O3 on crop yield and quality.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone inhibited nitrogen accumulation in vegetative organs at anthesis relative to ambient air.
- Organ / stage
- vegetative organs during anthesise0
- Treatment
- elevated O3e0
- Outcome
- N accumulatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Comparator
- ambient conditione0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Compared to ambient condition, elevated O3 significantly inhibited the N accumulation in vegetative organs during anthesis and grain N accumulation during the maturity stage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone inhibited grain nitrogen accumulation at maturity relative to ambient air.
- Organ / stage
- maturity stagee0
- Treatment
- elevated O3e0
- Outcome
- grain N accumulatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Comparator
- ambient conditione0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Compared to ambient condition, elevated O3 significantly inhibited the N accumulation in vegetative organs during anthesis and grain N accumulation during the maturity stage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone decreased total nitrogen accumulation at anthesis and maturity, more at maturity.
- Organ / stage
- anthesis and maturity stagese0
- Treatment
- Elevated O3e0
- Outcome
- total N accumulatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- greater impact at the latter stagee0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“Elevated O3 significantly decreased the total N accumulation during anthesis and maturity stages, with a greater impact at the latter stage.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone-related reduction in grain nitrogen accumulation was attributed to reduced vegetative-organ nitrogen remobilization during grain filling.
- Treatment
- O3e0
- Outcome
- grain N accumulatione0
- Qualifier
- decrease in N remobilization of vegetative organs during the grain filling periode0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The decrease in grain N accumulation caused by O3 was attributed to a decrease in N remobilization of vegetative organs during the grain filling period as well as to a decrease in post-anthesis N uptake.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone-related reduction in grain nitrogen accumulation was also attributed to reduced post-anthesis nitrogen uptake.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The decrease in grain N accumulation caused by O3 was attributed to a decrease in N remobilization of vegetative organs during the grain filling period as well as to a decrease in post-anthesis N uptake.”
Claim · model-written summary
The proportions of remobilized nitrogen and nitrogen uptake contributing to grain nitrogen accumulation did not change significantly.
- Outcome
- proportion of N remobilization and N uptake in grain N accumulatione0
- Direction
- no significant changee0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“However, there was no significant change in the proportion of N remobilization and N uptake in grain N accumulation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone inhibited nitrogen remobilization more in upper-canopy than lower-canopy leaves.
- Organ / stage
- upper canopy leavese0
- Treatment
- O3e0
- Outcome
- N remobilizatione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- lower canopy leavese0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The inhibitory effect of O3 on N remobilization in the upper canopy leaves was greater than that in the lower canopy leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone increased panicle nitrogen accumulation at anthesis.
- Organ / stage
- panicles at the anthesis stagee0
- Treatment
- elevated O3e0
- Outcome
- N accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“elevated O3 increased the N accumulation of panicles at the anthesis stage”
Claim · model-written summary
The rise in panicle nitrogen accumulation was attributed mainly to earlier rice heading.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- elevated O3e0
- Outcome
- N accumulation of paniclese0
- Qualifier
- earlier heading of ricee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“elevated O3 increased the N accumulation of panicles at the anthesis stage, mainly by resulting in earlier heading of rice.”
Claim · model-written summary
EDU increased nitrogen accumulation only at maturity.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“EDU only increased N accumulation at the maturity stage”
Claim · model-written summary
The EDU-related increase in nitrogen accumulation was attributed mainly to increased rice biomass.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- EDUe0
- Outcome
- rice biomasse0
- Qualifier
- increase in rice biomasse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which was mainly attributed to an increase in rice biomass by EDU.”
Claim · model-written summary
EDU had no significant effect on nitrogen concentration, nitrogen remobilization, or nitrogen harvest index.
- Treatment
- EDUe0
- Outcome
- N concentration, N remobilization process, and N harvest indexe0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“EDU had no significant effect on N concentration, N remobilization process, and N harvest index.”
The same questions in other papers
ozone · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
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2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.