Abstract
To obtain basic information concerning the evaluation of the effects of O3 on the yield of Japanese rice (Oryza sativa L.), we investigated the effects of O3 on the growth, yield and leaf gas exchange rates of rice. Two Japanese cultivars of rice (Koshihikari and Kinuhikari) were grown in plastic boxes filled with flooded Andisol in 9 chambers, and were daily exposed to charcoal-filtered air or O3 at 60 or 100 nl l-1 (ppb) (10:00-17:00) from 30 May to 20 September, 2007.The whole-plant dry mass and grain yield per plant of the two cultivars at the final harvest were significantly reduced by the exposure to O3. The reduction rates of the grain yield by the exposure to O3 at 60 and 100 ppb were 3% and 23% in Koshihikari, respectively, and 18% and 34% in Kinuhikari, respectively. The sensitivity of growth and yield to O3 was not significantly different between Koshihikari and Kinuhikari.The exposure to O3 significantly reduced the panicle number per plant, and the dry mass per panicle and filled grain number per panicle due to the increase in sterility, but did not reduce 1000 grain weight. The O3-induced reduction in the yield of the two cultivars was mainly attributed to that in the whole-plant growth during the early vegetative period and the biomass allocation to panicle during the reproductive period. During the early vegetative period, the exposure to O3 significantly reduced net photosynthetic rate and stomatal diffusive conductance, regardless of the leaf position. Therefore, the O3-induced reduction in the whole-plant growth of the two cultivars during the early vegetative period was mainly due to that in net photosynthetic rate, partially caused by the stomatal closure. Furthermore, the sensitivity to O3 of the yield components, growth parameters and leaf gas exchange rate were not significantly different between Koshihikari and Kinuhikari.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone significantly reduced whole-plant dry mass and grain yield in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- exposure to O3e0
- Outcome
- whole-plant dry mass and grain yield per plante0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- charcoal-filtered aire1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The whole-plant dry mass and grain yield per plant of the two cultivars at the final harvest were significantly reduced by the exposure to O3”
t0“Rice”
e1“charcoal-filtered air”
Claim · model-written summary
At 60 ppb ozone, Koshihikari grain yield fell 3%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Koshihikarie0
- Treatment
- O3 at 60e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 3%e0
- Comparator
- charcoal-filtered aire1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction rates of the grain yield by the exposure to O3 at 60 and 100 ppb were 3% and 23% in Koshihikari, respectively”
t0“Rice”
e1“charcoal-filtered air”
Claim · model-written summary
At 100 ppb ozone, Koshihikari grain yield fell 23%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Koshihikarie0
- Treatment
- O3 at 60 or 100 nl l-1 (ppb)e1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 23%e0
- Comparator
- charcoal-filtered aire2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction rates of the grain yield by the exposure to O3 at 60 and 100 ppb were 3% and 23% in Koshihikari, respectively”
t0“Rice”
e1“O3 at 60 or 100 nl l-1 (ppb)”
e2“charcoal-filtered air”
Claim · model-written summary
At 60 ppb ozone, Kinuhikari grain yield fell 18%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Kinuhikarie0
- Treatment
- O3 at 60 or 100 nl l-1 (ppb)e1
- Outcome
- grain yielde3
- Direction
- reductione4
- Value
- 18%e0
- Comparator
- charcoal-filtered aire2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“18% and 34% in Kinuhikari, respectively”
t0“Rice”
e1“O3 at 60 or 100 nl l-1 (ppb)”
e2“charcoal-filtered air”
e3“reduction rates of the grain yield”
e4“reduction rates of the grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
At 100 ppb ozone, Kinuhikari grain yield fell 34%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Kinuhikarie0
- Treatment
- O3 at 60 or 100 nl l-1 (ppb)e1
- Outcome
- grain yielde3
- Direction
- reductione4
- Value
- 34%e0
- Comparator
- charcoal-filtered aire2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“18% and 34% in Kinuhikari, respectively”
t0“Rice”
e1“O3 at 60 or 100 nl l-1 (ppb)”
e2“charcoal-filtered air”
e3“reduction rates of the grain yield”
e4“reduction rates of the grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth and yield sensitivity to ozone did not significantly differ between cultivars.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Koshihikari and Kinuhikarie0
- Outcome
- sensitivity of growth and yield to O3e0
- Direction
- not significantly differente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The sensitivity of growth and yield to O3 was not significantly different between Koshihikari and Kinuhikari”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone significantly reduced panicle number, dry mass per panicle and filled grain number per panicle.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- exposure to O3e0
- Outcome
- panicle number per plant, and the dry mass per panicle and filled grain number per paniclee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- charcoal-filtered aire1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The exposure to O3 significantly reduced the panicle number per plant, and the dry mass per panicle and filled grain number per panicle due to the increase in sterility”
t0“Rice”
e1“charcoal-filtered air”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone increased sterility.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- exposure to O3e1
- Outcome
- sterilitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- charcoal-filtered aire2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increase in sterility”
t0“Rice”
e1“The exposure to O3 significantly reduced the panicle number per plant”
e2“charcoal-filtered air”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone did not reduce 1000 grain weight.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- exposure to O3e1
- Outcome
- 1000 grain weighte0
- Direction
- did not reducee0
- Comparator
- charcoal-filtered aire2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“but did not reduce 1000 grain weight”
t0“Rice”
e1“The exposure to O3 significantly reduced the panicle number per plant”
e2“charcoal-filtered air”
Claim · model-written summary
Ozone significantly reduced net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance early in vegetative growth.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- early vegetative periode0
- Treatment
- exposure to O3e0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic rate and stomatal diffusive conductancee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- charcoal-filtered aire1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During the early vegetative period, the exposure to O3 significantly reduced net photosynthetic rate and stomatal diffusive conductance, regardless of the leaf position”
t0“Rice”
e1“charcoal-filtered air”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed reduced early growth mainly to lower photosynthetic rate, partly from stomatal closure.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- reduction in the whole-plant growthe0
- Qualifier
- net photosynthetic rate, partially caused by the stomatal closuree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the O3-induced reduction in the whole-plant growth of the two cultivars during the early vegetative period was mainly due to that in net photosynthetic rate, partially caused by the stomatal closure”
t0“Rice”
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See all 39 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.