Abstract
Biofertilizers not only have positive effects on soil sustainable fertility, but also beneficial economic and environmental attributes. Therefore, they can be used as a suitable substitute to replace all, or at least some of, the chemical fertilizers. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are one of the most important kinds of biofertilizers. Considering the wide use of Carboxin thiram to control fungus pathogens in wheat cultivation in Iran, this project was designed and performed to define the effects of this fungicide on the symbiosis establishment between wheat and different species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. In a greenhouse test, the effect of Carboxin thiram was studied at two rates of zero and 2gr/1000 gr on symbiosis of 6 mycorrhizal fungal species (Glomus clarum, Glomus caledonium, Glomus mosseae, Glomus sp, Glomus geosporum, Glomus versiforme), wheat (cv.Chamran ) growth indexes, spore population, and root colonization percentage. Results showed that seed treatment with Carboxin thiram had no significant effect on yield components of wheat (cv.Chamran). Inoculation with the mycorrhizal fungi and using Carboxin thiram significantly increased spore population (p<0.01) and root colonization (p<0.05). Maximum and minimum spore population in symbiosis produced by G.geosporum and G.clarum fungi in Carboxin thiram treatment were 34.37 and 5 spores per gram of soil, respectively. Finally, we concluded that using wheat seeds of cv. Chamran treated with Carboxin thiram had no negative effects on mycorhizal symbiosis of wheat with the studied fungi.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with Carboxin thiram had no significant effect on yield components of wheat cv. Chamran.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Material
- cv.Chamrane0
- Treatment
- seed treatment with Carboxin thirame0
- Outcome
- yield componentse0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“seed treatment with Carboxin thiram had no significant effect on yield components of wheat (cv.Chamran)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi and use of Carboxin thiram significantly increased spore population in wheat (p<0.01).
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Inoculation with the mycorrhizal fungi and using Carboxin thirame0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizal fungie0symbiont
- Outcome
- spore populatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation with the mycorrhizal fungi and using Carboxin thiram significantly increased spore population (p<0.01)”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi and use of Carboxin thiram significantly increased root colonization in wheat (p<0.05).
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Inoculation with the mycorrhizal fungi and using Carboxin thirame0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizal fungie0symbiont
- Outcome
- root colonizatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation with the mycorrhizal fungi and using Carboxin thiram significantly increased spore population (p<0.01) and root colonization (p<0.05)”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The maximum spore population in symbiosis, 34.37 spores per gram of soil, was produced by G. geosporum in the Carboxin thiram treatment.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- G.geosporumFunneliformis geosporume0symbiont
- Outcome
- Maximume0
- Value
- 34.37e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum and minimum spore population in symbiosis produced by G.geosporum and G.clarum fungi in Carboxin thiram treatment were 34.37 and 5 spores per gram of soil, respectively”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The minimum spore population in symbiosis, 5 spores per gram of soil, was produced by G. clarum in the Carboxin thiram treatment.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Interactor
- G.clarumRhizophagus claruse0symbiont
- Outcome
- minimume0
- Value
- 5 spores per gram of soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum and minimum spore population in symbiosis produced by G.geosporum and G.clarum fungi in Carboxin thiram treatment were 34.37 and 5 spores per gram of soil, respectively”
t0“WHEAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that wheat seeds of cv. Chamran treated with Carboxin thiram had no negative effects on mycorrhizal symbiosis of wheat with the studied fungi.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- cv. Chamrane0
- Treatment
- treated with Carboxin thirame0
- Outcome
- mycorhizal symbiosise0
- Direction
- no negative effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“using wheat seeds of cv. Chamran treated with Carboxin thiram had no negative effects on mycorhizal symbiosis of wheat with the studied fungi”
The same questions in other papers
thiram · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
carboxin · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
thiram · pest · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
thiram · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →carboxin · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →mycorrhiza · pest · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
inoculation · pest · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- positive
20 papers more in this group
See all 24 papers →inoculation · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
103 papers in the same direction as this paper · 59 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
160 papers more in this group
See all 164 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.