Abstract
A FACE (Free-air component enrichment) system in a rice/wheat rotation field was used to investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) inoculation on wheat growth and soil microbial biomass under elevated tropospheric O3 concentration. The elevated O3 concentration tended to increase AM colonization of wheat seedling and bate plant growth during the booting period, then significantly (p < 0.05) reduced aerial biomass, individual yield and kernel weight by 22%, 29% and 9%, respectively, and decreased soil microbial biomass N by 37% after wheat harvesting. However, the total N content in wheat grain significantly (p < 0.05) increased from 2.2% to 2.6%. Under elevated O3 concentration, AMF inoculation accelerated AM colonization successfully, and improved colonization rate and aerial biomass significantly (p < 0.05) during the booting period, thus reduced the damage of aerial biomass by 50% when harvesting, and increased soil microbial biomass N significantly (p < 0.05) related to the noninoculated treatment. Although wheat yield didn't increase, the total N content in grain decreased to the same level of that of the control wheat. It suggested that higher AM colonization is the resistance behavior of wheat in response to O3 intimidation, and AMF inoculation can accelerate wheat growth, increase root exudates and soil microbial biomass subsequencely.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone tended to increase mycorrhizal colonization of wheat seedlings.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Organ / stage
- seedlinge0
- Treatment
- elevated O3 concentratione0
- Outcome
- AM colonizatione0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The elevated O3 concentration tended to increase AM colonization of wheat seedling”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone impeded wheat growth during booting.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- booting periode0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bate plant growth during the booting period”
t0“wheat growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone reduced wheat aerial biomass by 22%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- elevated O3 concentratione0
- Outcome
- aerial biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 22%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The elevated O3 concentration tended to increase AM colonization of wheat seedling and bate plant growth during the booting period, then significantly (p < 0.05) reduced aerial biomass, individual yield and kernel weight by 22%, 29% and 9%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone reduced individual wheat yield by 29%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- elevated O3 concentratione0
- Outcome
- individual yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 29%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The elevated O3 concentration tended to increase AM colonization of wheat seedling and bate plant growth during the booting period, then significantly (p < 0.05) reduced aerial biomass, individual yield and kernel weight by 22%, 29% and 9%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone reduced wheat kernel weight by 9%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- elevated O3 concentratione0
- Outcome
- kernel weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The elevated O3 concentration tended to increase AM colonization of wheat seedling and bate plant growth during the booting period, then significantly (p < 0.05) reduced aerial biomass, individual yield and kernel weight by 22%, 29% and 9%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone decreased soil microbial biomass nitrogen by 37% after wheat harvest.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- soil microbial biomass Ne0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 37%e0
- Qualifier
- after wheat harvestinge0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreased soil microbial biomass N by 37% after wheat harvesting”
t0“wheat growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated ozone increased wheat grain nitrogen content from 2.2% to 2.6%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- total N content in wheat graine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 2.2% to 2.6%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the total N content in wheat grain significantly (p < 0.05) increased from 2.2% to 2.6%”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation accelerated wheat mycorrhizal colonization under elevated ozone.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- AM colonizatione0
- Direction
- acceleratede0
- Qualifier
- Under elevated O3 concentratione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under elevated O3 concentration, AMF inoculation accelerated AM colonization successfully”
t0“wheat growth”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation improved colonization rate and aerial biomass during booting.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Organ / stage
- booting periode0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- colonization rate and aerial biomasse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under elevated O3 concentration, AMF inoculation accelerated AM colonization successfully, and improved colonization rate and aerial biomass significantly (p < 0.05) during the booting period”
t0“wheat growth”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation reduced harvest aerial biomass damage by 50%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- damage of aerial biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 50%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under elevated O3 concentration, AMF inoculation accelerated AM colonization successfully, and improved colonization rate and aerial biomass significantly (p < 0.05) during the booting period, thus reduced the damage of aerial biomass by 50% when harvesting”
t0“wheat growth”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation increased soil microbial biomass nitrogen relative to no inoculation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- soil microbial biomass Ne0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- noninoculated treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under elevated O3 concentration, AMF inoculation accelerated AM colonization successfully, and improved colonization rate and aerial biomass significantly (p < 0.05) during the booting period, thus reduced the damage of aerial biomass by 50% when harvesting, and increased soil microbial biomass N significantly (p < 0.05) related to the noninoculated treatment”
t0“wheat growth”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation did not increase wheat yield under elevated ozone.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe1symbiont
- Outcome
- wheat yielde0
- Direction
- didn't increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although wheat yield didn't increase”
e1“AMF inoculation accelerated AM colonization successfully”
Claim · model-written summary
AMF inoculation decreased wheat grain nitrogen content to the control level.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione1
- Interactor
- AMFe1symbiont
- Outcome
- total N content in graine0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- control wheate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the total N content in grain decreased to the same level of that of the control wheat”
e1“AMF inoculation accelerated AM colonization successfully”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest greater AM colonization is a wheat resistance response to ozone.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- AMe0symbiont
- Outcome
- resistance behavior of wheate0
- Qualifier
- in response to O3 intimidatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher AM colonization is the resistance behavior of wheat in response to O3 intimidation”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest AMF inoculation promotes wheat growth, root exudates, and soil microbial biomass.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- AMF inoculatione0
- Interactor
- AMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- wheat growth, increase root exudates and soil microbial biomasse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AMF inoculation can accelerate wheat growth, increase root exudates and soil microbial biomass subsequencely”
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See all 614 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.