Abstract
A field experiment was conducted at Werer Agricultural Research Center, Afar region, Ethiopia, to determine the best insecticide rotation sequence and use of compatible mixtures in the Insecticide Resistance Management strategy for cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii. Randomized Complete Block design having eight treatment combinations and four replications were used. The parameter assessed were aphid population at pre and post insecticide application; and seed cotton yield. In this experiment, four round of spray application was made by using insecticides from different chemical class and their mixtures. Using the modified Abbott’s formula, the percent efficacy was computed. A highly significant difference (P< 0.001) was observed among the treatments for post spray counts. In most of the treatments made during the first round spray, the aphid population didn’t show a response to the insecticides applied. But starting the second round, the insecticides were able to express their potential in reducing aphid population. In most cases sole treatments were better than mixtures. However, the mixtures like endosulfan + carbosulfan and endosulfan + furathiocarb gave better control of aphid. As the effect of insecticide rotation, treatment 2 (Carbosulfan, Diafenthiuron, Furathiocarb and Deltamethrin), 3 (Dimethoate, Carbosulfan, Deltamethrin and Diafenthiuron) and 5 (Endosulfan, Endosulfan + Carbosulfan, Deltamethrin and Dimethoate) were the best alternative combinations of insecticide groups to be used in IRM strategy. Seed cotton yield was significantly different (P< 0.0001) among treatments. The highest seed cotton yield (29.84 q/ha) was recorded from treatment 5 (Endosulfan, Endosulfan* Carbosulfan, Deltamethrin and Dimethoate), followed by treatment 1(Endosulfan, Carbosulfan, Deltamethrin and Furathiocarb) and 7 (Furathiocarb Endosulfan * Furathiocarb, Deltamethrin and Dimethoate) and yielding 26.29 and 20.47 q/ha, respectively. These findings point to the fact that, alternative use of insecticides from different class and using insecticide mititures is the best option to manage insecticides resistance in cotton aphid.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton aphid post-spray counts differed highly significantly among insecticide treatments.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- treatmentse0
- Interactor
- cotton aphid
Aphis gossypiit0pest - Outcome
- post spray countse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A highly significant difference (P< 0.001) was observed among the treatments for post spray counts.”
t0“cotton aphid”
Claim · model-written summary
Most first-round insecticide treatments did not elicit an aphid population response.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- insecticides appliede0
- Interactor
- cotton aphidAphis gossypiit0pest
- Outcome
- aphid populatione0
- Direction
- didn’t show a responsee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In most of the treatments made during the first round spray, the aphid population didn’t show a response to the insecticides applied.”
t0“cotton aphid”
Claim · model-written summary
From the second spray round, insecticides reduced aphid population.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- insecticidese0
- Interactor
- cotton aphidAphis gossypiit0pest
- Outcome
- aphid populatione0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“But starting the second round, the insecticides were able to express their potential in reducing aphid population.”
t0“cotton aphid”
Claim · model-written summary
Sole insecticide treatments generally controlled aphids better than mixtures.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- sole treatmentse0
- Interactor
- cotton aphidAphis gossypiit0pest
- Outcome
- bettere0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- mixturese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In most cases sole treatments were better than mixtures.”
t0“cotton aphid”
Claim · model-written summary
The endosulfan plus carbosulfan mixture gave better aphid control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- endosulfan + carbosulfane0
- Interactor
- cotton aphidAphis gossypiit0pest
- Outcome
- control of aphide0
- Direction
- bettere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the mixtures like endosulfan + carbosulfan and endosulfan + furathiocarb gave better control of aphid.”
t0“cotton aphid”
Claim · model-written summary
The endosulfan plus furathiocarb mixture gave better aphid control.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- endosulfan + furathiocarbe0
- Interactor
- cotton aphidAphis gossypiit0pest
- Outcome
- control of aphide0
- Direction
- bettere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the mixtures like endosulfan + carbosulfan and endosulfan + furathiocarb gave better control of aphid.”
t0“cotton aphid”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment 2 was among the best insecticide rotation alternatives for resistance management.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Carbosulfan, Diafenthiuron, Furathiocarb and Deltamethrine0
- Interactor
- cotton aphidAphis gossypiit0pest
- Outcome
- best alternative combinations of insecticide groups to be used in IRM strategye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment 2 (Carbosulfan, Diafenthiuron, Furathiocarb and Deltamethrin), 3 (Dimethoate, Carbosulfan, Deltamethrin and Diafenthiuron) and 5 (Endosulfan, Endosulfan + Carbosulfan, Deltamethrin and Dimethoate) were the best alternative combinations of insecticide groups to be used in IRM strategy.”
t0“cotton aphid”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment 3 was among the best insecticide rotation alternatives for resistance management.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Dimethoate, Carbosulfan, Deltamethrin and Diafenthiurone0
- Interactor
- cotton aphidAphis gossypiit0pest
- Outcome
- best alternative combinations of insecticide groups to be used in IRM strategye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment 2 (Carbosulfan, Diafenthiuron, Furathiocarb and Deltamethrin), 3 (Dimethoate, Carbosulfan, Deltamethrin and Diafenthiuron) and 5 (Endosulfan, Endosulfan + Carbosulfan, Deltamethrin and Dimethoate) were the best alternative combinations of insecticide groups to be used in IRM strategy.”
t0“cotton aphid”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment 5 was among the best insecticide rotation alternatives for resistance management.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Endosulfan, Endosulfan + Carbosulfan, Deltamethrin and Dimethoatee0
- Interactor
- cotton aphidAphis gossypiit0pest
- Outcome
- best alternative combinations of insecticide groups to be used in IRM strategye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment 2 (Carbosulfan, Diafenthiuron, Furathiocarb and Deltamethrin), 3 (Dimethoate, Carbosulfan, Deltamethrin and Diafenthiuron) and 5 (Endosulfan, Endosulfan + Carbosulfan, Deltamethrin and Dimethoate) were the best alternative combinations of insecticide groups to be used in IRM strategy.”
t0“cotton aphid”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed cotton yield differed significantly among insecticide treatments.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- treatmentse0
- Interactor
- cotton aphidAphis gossypiit0pest
- Outcome
- Seed cotton yielde0
- Direction
- differente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed cotton yield was significantly different (P< 0.0001) among treatments.”
t0“cotton aphid”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment 5 produced the highest seed cotton yield, 29.84 q/ha.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Endosulfan, Endosulfan* Carbosulfan, Deltamethrin and Dimethoatee0
- Outcome
- seed cotton yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 29.84 q/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest seed cotton yield (29.84 q/ha) was recorded from treatment 5 (Endosulfan, Endosulfan* Carbosulfan, Deltamethrin and Dimethoate)”
t0“cotton aphid”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment 1 produced 26.29 q/ha seed cotton yield.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Endosulfan, Carbosulfan, Deltamethrin and Furathiocarbe0
- Outcome
- yieldinge0
- Value
- 26.29e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by treatment 1(Endosulfan, Carbosulfan, Deltamethrin and Furathiocarb) and 7 (Furathiocarb Endosulfan * Furathiocarb, Deltamethrin and Dimethoate) and yielding 26.29 and 20.47 q/ha, respectively.”
t0“cotton aphid”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment 7 produced 20.47 q/ha seed cotton yield.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Furathiocarb Endosulfan * Furathiocarb, Deltamethrin and Dimethoatee0
- Outcome
- yieldinge0
- Value
- 20.47 q/hae0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by treatment 1(Endosulfan, Carbosulfan, Deltamethrin and Furathiocarb) and 7 (Furathiocarb Endosulfan * Furathiocarb, Deltamethrin and Dimethoate) and yielding 26.29 and 20.47 q/ha, respectively.”
t0“cotton aphid”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend alternating insecticide classes and using mixtures to manage cotton aphid insecticide resistance.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- alternative use of insecticides from different class and using insecticide mititurese0
- Interactor
- cotton aphidAphis gossypiie0pest
- Outcome
- manage insecticides resistance in cotton aphide0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“alternative use of insecticides from different class and using insecticide mititures is the best option to manage insecticides resistance in cotton aphid.”
The same questions in other papers
endosulfan · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results differ
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →deltamethrin · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →dimethoate · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →carbosulfan · Aphis gossypii · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
furathiocarb · Aphis gossypii · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
carbosulfan · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
endosulfan · Aphis gossypii · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
insecticide · Aphis gossypii · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.