Abstract
Fire blight, a devastating disease caused by Erwinia amylovora, poses a significant threat to pear and apple trees in Xinjiang province, China. In an effort to combat this pathogen, we isolated 10 bacteria from various components of apple and crabapple trees and conducted screenings to assess their ability to inhibit E. amylovora in vitro. Through biochemical tests and partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we identified two promising strains, Priestia megaterium strain H1 and Bacillus subtilis strain I2. These strains were then evaluated for their efficacy in biocontrol under controlled laboratory conditions, focusing on immature fruits and leaves. Remarkably, all selected antagonists exhibited the capability to reduce the severity of the disease on both fruit and leaves. P. megaterium strain H1 and B. subtilis strain I2 exhibited significant reductions in disease incidence on both immature fruits and leaves compared to the control. Specifically, on immature fruits, they achieved reductions of 53.39% and 44.76%, respectively, while on leaves, they demonstrated reductions of 59.55% and 55.53%, respectively. Furthermore, during the study, we detected the presence of lipopeptides, including surfactin, iturins, bacillomycin D, and fengycins, in the methanol extract obtained from these two antagonistic bacteria using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Based on the results obtained, B. subtilis strain I2 and P. megaterium strain H1 exhibit considerable potential for controlling fire blight. However, further evaluation of their efficacy under natural field conditions is essential to validate their practicality as a biocontrol method.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Two bacterial strains were identified as promising antagonists of E. amylovora.
- Taxon
- pear and apple trees
Malus domestica_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=60)
Pyrus communist0 - Interactor
- Priestia megaterium strain H1
Priestia megateriume0biocontrol_agent - Second interactor
- Bacillus subtilis strain I2
Bacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- two promising strainse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Poirier_Fleurs_et_feuilles.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Through biochemical tests and partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we identified two promising strains, Priestia megaterium strain H1 and Bacillus subtilis strain I2.”
t0“pear and apple trees in Xinjiang province, China”
Claim · model-written summary
Selected antagonists reduced fire blight severity on fruit and leaves.
- Taxon
- pear and apple treesMalus domesticaPyrus communist0
- Organ / stage
- fruit and leavese0
- Treatment
- selected antagonistse0
- Outcome
- severity of the diseasee0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all selected antagonists exhibited the capability to reduce the severity of the disease on both fruit and leaves.”
t0“pear and apple trees in Xinjiang province, China”
Claim · model-written summary
P. megaterium H1 reduced disease incidence on immature fruit by 53.39% versus control.
- Taxon
- pear and apple treesMalus domesticaPyrus communist0
- Organ / stage
- immature fruitse0
- Treatment
- P. megaterium strain H1e0
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 53.39%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. megaterium strain H1 and B. subtilis strain I2 exhibited significant reductions in disease incidence on both immature fruits and leaves compared to the control. Specifically, on immature fruits, they achieved reductions of 53.39% and 44.76%, respectively”
t0“pear and apple trees in Xinjiang province, China”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis I2 reduced disease incidence on immature fruit by 44.76% versus control.
- Taxon
- pear and apple treesMalus domesticaPyrus communist0
- Organ / stage
- immature fruitse0
- Treatment
- B. subtilis strain I2e0
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 44.76%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. megaterium strain H1 and B. subtilis strain I2 exhibited significant reductions in disease incidence on both immature fruits and leaves compared to the control. Specifically, on immature fruits, they achieved reductions of 53.39% and 44.76%, respectively”
t0“pear and apple trees in Xinjiang province, China”
Claim · model-written summary
P. megaterium H1 reduced disease incidence on leaves by 59.55% versus control.
- Taxon
- pear and apple treesMalus domesticaPyrus communist0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- P. megaterium strain H1e0
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 59.55%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. megaterium strain H1 and B. subtilis strain I2 exhibited significant reductions in disease incidence on both immature fruits and leaves compared to the control. Specifically, on immature fruits, they achieved reductions of 53.39% and 44.76%, respectively, while on leaves, they demonstrated reductions of 59.55% and 55.53%, respectively”
t0“pear and apple trees in Xinjiang province, China”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis I2 reduced disease incidence on leaves by 55.53% versus control.
- Taxon
- pear and apple treesMalus domesticaPyrus communist0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- B. subtilis strain I2e0
- Outcome
- disease incidencee0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 55.53%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. megaterium strain H1 and B. subtilis strain I2 exhibited significant reductions in disease incidence on both immature fruits and leaves compared to the control. Specifically, on immature fruits, they achieved reductions of 53.39% and 44.76%, respectively, while on leaves, they demonstrated reductions of 59.55% and 55.53%, respectively”
t0“pear and apple trees in Xinjiang province, China”
Claim · model-written summary
Surfactin, iturins, bacillomycin D and fengycins were detected in extracts of the antagonists.
- Taxon
- pear and apple treesMalus domesticaPyrus communist0
- Interactor
- two antagonistic bacteriae0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- presence of lipopeptidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we detected the presence of lipopeptides, including surfactin, iturins, bacillomycin D, and fengycins, in the methanol extract obtained from these two antagonistic bacteria using thin-layer chromatography (TLC)”
t0“pear and apple trees in Xinjiang province, China”
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