Abstract
Rice is a highly valuable crop consumed all over the world. Soil pollution, more specifically chromium (Cr), decreases rice yield and quality. Future climate CO 2 (eCO 2 ) is known to affect the growth and yield of crops as well as the quality parameters associated with human health. However, the detailed physiological and biochemical responses induced by Cr in rice grains produced under eCO 2 have not been deeply studied. Cr (200 and 400 mg Cr 6+ /Kg soil) inhibited rice yield and photosynthesis in Sakha 106, but to less extend in Giza 181 rice cultivar. Elevated CO 2 reduced Cr accumulation and, consequently, recovered the negative impact of the higher Cr dose, mainly in Sakha 106. This could be explained by improved photosynthesis which was consistent with increased carbohydrate level and metabolism (starch synthases and amylase). Moreover, these increases provided a route for the biosynthesis of organic, amino and fatty acids. At grain quality level, eCO 2 differentially mitigated Cr stress-induced reductions in minerals (e.g., P, Mg and Ca), proteins (prolamin, globulin, albumin, glutelin), unsaturated fatty acids (e.g., C20:2 and C24:1) and antioxidants (phenolics and total antioxidant capacity) in both cultivars. This study provided insights into the physiological and biochemical bases of eCO 2 -induced grain yield and quality of Cr-stressed rice.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium inhibited rice yield in Sakha 106, less so in Giza 181.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Material
- Sakha 106e0
- Treatment
- Cr (200 and 400 mg Cr 6+ /Kg soil)e0
- Outcome
- rice yielde0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Comparator
- Giza 181e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cr (200 and 400 mg Cr 6+ /Kg soil) inhibited rice yield and photosynthesis in Sakha 106, but to less extend in Giza 181 rice cultivar”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium inhibited photosynthesis in Sakha 106, less so in Giza 181.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- Sakha 106e0
- Treatment
- Cr (200 and 400 mg Cr 6+ /Kg soil)e0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
- Comparator
- Giza 181e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cr (200 and 400 mg Cr 6+ /Kg soil) inhibited rice yield and photosynthesis in Sakha 106, but to less extend in Giza 181 rice cultivar”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 reduced chromium accumulation.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Elevated CO 2e0
- Outcome
- Cr accumulatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated CO 2 reduced Cr accumulation”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 recovered the impact of the higher chromium dose, mainly in Sakha 106.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Sakha 106e0
- Treatment
- Elevated CO 2e0
- Outcome
- negative impact of the higher Cr dosee0
- Direction
- recoverede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Elevated CO 2 reduced Cr accumulation and, consequently, recovered the negative impact of the higher Cr dose, mainly in Sakha 106”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Improved photosynthesis was consistent with increased carbohydrate level and metabolism.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Gene
- starch synthases and amylasee0
- Outcome
- improved photosynthesise0
- Qualifier
- increased carbohydrate level and metabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This could be explained by improved photosynthesis which was consistent with increased carbohydrate level and metabolism (starch synthases and amylase)”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The increases provided a route for biosynthesis of organic, amino and fatty acids.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- biosynthesis of organic, amino and fatty acidse0
- Qualifier
- these increasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these increases provided a route for the biosynthesis of organic, amino and fatty acids”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 differentially mitigated chromium-induced reductions in grain minerals (e.g., P, Mg and Ca).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- eCO 2e0
- Outcome
- minerals (e.g., P, Mg and Ca)e0
- Direction
- mitigatede0
- Qualifier
- in both cultivarse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“eCO 2 differentially mitigated Cr stress-induced reductions in minerals (e.g., P, Mg and Ca), proteins (prolamin, globulin, albumin, glutelin), unsaturated fatty acids (e.g., C20:2 and C24:1) and antioxidants (phenolics and total antioxidant capacity) in both cultivars”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 differentially mitigated chromium-induced reductions in grain proteins (prolamin, globulin, albumin, glutelin).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- eCO 2e0
- Outcome
- proteins (prolamin, globulin, albumin, glutelin)e0
- Direction
- mitigatede0
- Qualifier
- in both cultivarse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“eCO 2 differentially mitigated Cr stress-induced reductions in minerals (e.g., P, Mg and Ca), proteins (prolamin, globulin, albumin, glutelin), unsaturated fatty acids (e.g., C20:2 and C24:1) and antioxidants (phenolics and total antioxidant capacity) in both cultivars”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 differentially mitigated chromium-induced reductions in grain unsaturated fatty acids (e.g., C20:2 and C24:1).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- eCO 2e0
- Outcome
- unsaturated fatty acids (e.g., C20:2 and C24:1)e0
- Direction
- mitigatede0
- Qualifier
- in both cultivarse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“eCO 2 differentially mitigated Cr stress-induced reductions in minerals (e.g., P, Mg and Ca), proteins (prolamin, globulin, albumin, glutelin), unsaturated fatty acids (e.g., C20:2 and C24:1) and antioxidants (phenolics and total antioxidant capacity) in both cultivars”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 differentially mitigated chromium-induced reductions in grain antioxidants (phenolics and total antioxidant capacity).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- eCO 2e0
- Outcome
- antioxidants (phenolics and total antioxidant capacity)e0
- Direction
- mitigatede0
- Qualifier
- in both cultivarse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“eCO 2 differentially mitigated Cr stress-induced reductions in minerals (e.g., P, Mg and Ca), proteins (prolamin, globulin, albumin, glutelin), unsaturated fatty acids (e.g., C20:2 and C24:1) and antioxidants (phenolics and total antioxidant capacity) in both cultivars”
t0“rice”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.