Abstract
ABSTRACT The effect of elevated atmospheric CO(2) concentration on rice blast and sheath blight disease severity was studied in the field in northern Japan for 3 years. With free-air CO(2) enrichment (FACE), rice plants were grown in ambient and elevated ( approximately 200 to 280 mumol mol(-1) above ambient) CO(2) concentrations, and were artificially inoculated with consist of Magnaporthe oryzae. Rice plants grown in an elevated CO(2) concentration were more susceptible to leaf blast than those in ambient CO(2) as indicated by the increased number of leaf blast lesions. Plants grown under elevated CO(2) concentration had lower leaf silicon content, which may have contributed to the increased susceptibility to leaf blast under elevated CO(2) concentrations. In contrast to leaf blast, panicle blast severity was unchanged by the CO(2) enrichment under artificial inoculation, whereas it was slightly but significantly higher under elevated CO(2) concentrations in a spontaneous rice blast epidemic. For naturally occurring epidemics of the sheath blight development in rice plants, the percentage of diseased plants was higher under elevated as opposed to ambient CO(2) concentrations. However, the average height of lesions above the soil surface was similar between the treatments. One hypothesis is that the higher number of tillers observed under elevated CO(2) concentrations may have increased the chance for fungal sclerotia to adhere to the leaf sheath at the water surface. Consequently, the potential risks for infection of leaf blast and epidemics of sheath blight would increase in rice grown under elevated CO(2) concentration.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 increased leaf blast lesions relative to ambient CO2.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- elevated CO(2) concentratione0
- Interactor
- Magnaporthe oryzae
Pyricularia oryzaee1pathogen - Outcome
- leaf blast lesionse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- ambient CO(2)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Blast and Sheath Blight”
e0“Rice plants grown in an elevated CO(2) concentration were more susceptible to leaf blast than those in ambient CO(2) as indicated by the increased number of leaf blast lesions”
e1“Magnaporthe oryzae”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 lowered leaf silicon content.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- elevated CO(2) concentratione0
- Outcome
- leaf silicon contente0
- Direction
- lowere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Blast and Sheath Blight”
e0“Plants grown under elevated CO(2) concentration had lower leaf silicon content”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower leaf silicon may have contributed to greater leaf blast susceptibility.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- silicone0
- Outcome
- susceptibility to leaf blaste0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Blast and Sheath Blight”
e0“lower leaf silicon content, which may have contributed to the increased susceptibility to leaf blast under elevated CO(2) concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Panicle blast severity was unchanged by elevated CO2 with artificial inoculation.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- CO(2) enrichmente0
- Interactor
- Magnaporthe oryzaePyricularia oryzaee1pathogen
- Outcome
- panicle blast severitye0
- Direction
- unchangede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Blast and Sheath Blight”
e0“panicle blast severity was unchanged by the CO(2) enrichment under artificial inoculation”
e1“Magnaporthe oryzae”
Claim · model-written summary
Panicle blast severity was slightly but significantly higher under elevated CO2 in a spontaneous epidemic.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- elevated CO(2) concentrationse0
- Outcome
- rice blast epidemice0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- slightlye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Blast and Sheath Blight”
e0“it was slightly but significantly higher under elevated CO(2) concentrations in a spontaneous rice blast epidemic”
Claim · model-written summary
The percentage of plants diseased by sheath blight was higher under elevated than ambient CO2.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- elevatede0
- Outcome
- percentage of diseased plantse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- ambient CO(2) concentrationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Blast and Sheath Blight”
e0“the percentage of diseased plants was higher under elevated as opposed to ambient CO(2) concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Average lesion height was similar between CO2 treatments.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- average height of lesions above the soil surfacee0
- Direction
- similare0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Blast and Sheath Blight”
e0“the average height of lesions above the soil surface was similar between the treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 increased tiller number.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- elevated CO(2) concentrationse0
- Outcome
- number of tillerse0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Blast and Sheath Blight”
e0“higher number of tillers observed under elevated CO(2) concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
The higher number of tillers may have increased fungal sclerotia adherence to leaf sheaths.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- chance for fungal sclerotia to adhere to the leaf sheathe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- higher number of tillerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Blast and Sheath Blight”
e0“the higher number of tillers observed under elevated CO(2) concentrations may have increased the chance for fungal sclerotia to adhere to the leaf sheath at the water surface”
Claim · model-written summary
Elevated CO2 may increase risks of leaf blast infection and sheath blight epidemics.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- elevated CO(2) concentratione0
- Outcome
- potential risks for infection of leaf blast and epidemics of sheath blighte0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Rice Blast and Sheath Blight”
e0“the potential risks for infection of leaf blast and epidemics of sheath blight would increase in rice grown under elevated CO(2) concentration”
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See all 54 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.