Abstract
Chromium (Cr) stress is a prevalent abiotic stress that alters various physiological, growth and metabolic parameters in plants. The toxicity of chromium at concentrations up to 100 µM were studied in two common Indian Oryza sativa genotypes, Lalat upland and Swarnaprabha. More chromium accumulated in roots than in leaves in both genotypes, with Lalat upland taking up more chromium than Swarnaprabha. Higher chromium concentrations reduced various physiological traits including stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, photosynthetic water use efficiency, photosynthetic pigments content in both the genotypes, and this decline was more pronounced in Lalat upland. Increase in vapour pressure deficit, sub stomatal carbon dioxide concentration and malondialdehyde content was detected at 100 µM chromium treated genotypes, however the effects were higher in Lalat upland. Confocal microscopy showed stomatal guard cell deformation, greater stomatal area and closed stomatal aperture in the leaves of 100 µM chromium treated Lalat upland plants. Abscisic acid and Salicylic acid content and expression of NCED1 and NCED2 genes involved in stomata aperture regulation were enhanced in Lalat upland and down regulated in Swarnaprabha under chromium stress. Variation in glandular and non-glandular trichome density and length was found in the leaves of chromium stressed plants in both the genotypes. The results suggest that Lalat upland is more sensitive to chromium toxicity than Swarnaprabha at higher chromium concentrations.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
More chromium accumulated in roots than leaves in both rice genotypes.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa
Oryza sativat0 - Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- chromium accumulatede0
- Direction
- Moree0
- Comparator
- leavese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“More chromium accumulated in roots than in leaves in both genotypes”
t0“Oryza sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Lalat upland took up more chromium than Swarnaprabha.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Material
- Lalat uplande0
- Outcome
- chromiume0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- Swarnaprabhae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with Lalat upland taking up more chromium than Swarnaprabha”
t0“Oryza sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher chromium reduced stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and photosynthetic water use efficiency in both genotypes.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Higher chromium concentrationse0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, photosynthetic water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher chromium concentrations reduced various physiological traits including stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, photosynthetic water use efficiency”
t0“Oryza sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher chromium reduced photosynthetic pigment content, more in Lalat upland.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Higher chromium concentrationse0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigments contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- more pronounced in Lalat uplande0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher chromium concentrations reduced various physiological traits including stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, photosynthetic water use efficiency, photosynthetic pigments content in both the genotypes, and this decline was more pronounced in Lalat upland”
t0“Oryza sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
At 100 µM chromium, vapour pressure deficit, substomatal carbon dioxide, and malondialdehyde increased, more in Lalat upland.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 100 µM chromiume0
- Outcome
- vapour pressure deficit, sub stomatal carbon dioxide concentration and malondialdehyde contente0
- Direction
- Increasee0
- Qualifier
- higher in Lalat uplande0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increase in vapour pressure deficit, sub stomatal carbon dioxide concentration and malondialdehyde content was detected at 100 µM chromium treated genotypes, however the effects were higher in Lalat upland”
t0“Oryza sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium-treated Lalat upland leaves had deformed guard cells, greater stomatal area, and closed apertures.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Material
- Lalat uplande0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- 100 µM chromiume0
- Outcome
- stomatal guard cell deformation, greater stomatal area and closed stomatal aperturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“stomatal guard cell deformation, greater stomatal area and closed stomatal aperture in the leaves of 100 µM chromium treated Lalat upland plants”
t0“Oryza sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium stress enhanced abscisic and salicylic acid content in Lalat upland.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Material
- Lalat uplande0
- Treatment
- chromium stresse0
- Outcome
- Abscisic acid and Salicylic acid contente0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Abscisic acid and Salicylic acid content and expression of NCED1 and NCED2 genes involved in stomata aperture regulation were enhanced in Lalat upland and down regulated in Swarnaprabha under chromium stress”
t0“Oryza sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium stress downregulated abscisic and salicylic acid content in Swarnaprabha.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Material
- Swarnaprabhae0
- Treatment
- chromium stresse0
- Outcome
- Abscisic acid and Salicylic acid contente0
- Direction
- down regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Abscisic acid and Salicylic acid content and expression of NCED1 and NCED2 genes involved in stomata aperture regulation were enhanced in Lalat upland and down regulated in Swarnaprabha under chromium stress”
t0“Oryza sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium stress enhanced NCED1 and NCED2 expression in Lalat upland.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Material
- Lalat uplande0
- Treatment
- chromium stresse0
- Gene
- NCED1 and NCED2e0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“expression of NCED1 and NCED2 genes involved in stomata aperture regulation were enhanced in Lalat upland and down regulated in Swarnaprabha under chromium stress”
t0“Oryza sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium stress downregulated NCED1 and NCED2 expression in Swarnaprabha.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Material
- Swarnaprabhae0
- Treatment
- chromium stresse0
- Gene
- NCED1 and NCED2e0
- Outcome
- expressione0
- Direction
- down regulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“expression of NCED1 and NCED2 genes involved in stomata aperture regulation were enhanced in Lalat upland and down regulated in Swarnaprabha under chromium stress”
t0“Oryza sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium stress altered glandular and nonglandular trichome density and length in both genotypes.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- chromium stressede0
- Outcome
- glandular and non-glandular trichome density and lengthe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Variation in glandular and non-glandular trichome density and length was found in the leaves of chromium stressed plants in both the genotypes”
t0“Oryza sativa”
Claim · model-written summary
Lalat upland was more sensitive to high chromium than Swarnaprabha.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Material
- Lalat uplande0
- Outcome
- sensitive to chromium toxicitye0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
- Qualifier
- higher chromium concentrationse0
- Comparator
- Swarnaprabhae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Lalat upland is more sensitive to chromium toxicity than Swarnaprabha at higher chromium concentrations”
t0“Oryza sativa”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 9 papers →chromium atom · physiology: photosynthesis · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
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See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.