Abstract
A total of four field experiments were conducted during 2017, 2019 and 2020 in Ontario, Canada to determine if applying a fungicide 2 - 3 days after a herbicide, applied POST, reduces visible injury, increases crop vigour and increases yield of soybean. At 3 DAB (days after fungicide application), the POST application of glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr caused 0, 11%, 5%, 18%, 9% and 12% visible injury in soybean, respectively. The injury decreased over time with less than 5% injury at 8 WAB (weeks after fungicide application) in all treatments evaluated. The application of pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad after the application of herbicides evaluated did not reduce soybean injury. Soybean vigour with glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr applied POST without the fungicide application was 100%, 91%, 95%, 84%, 91% and 88%, respectively at 3 DAB. The soybean vigour increased over time to 95% - 100% at 8 WAB. The application of pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad after the herbicide application did not improve soybean vigour, except with thifensulfuron-methyl where soybean vigour was improved 6% when followed by pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad. There was no effect of herbicide and fungicide treatments on soybean yield except for thifensulfuron-methyl and imazethapyr without the fungicide treatments which reduced soybean relative yield 7% and 10%, respectively. The application of pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad after the application of imazethapyr increased soybean yield 3%. Based on these results, applying pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad fungicide 2 - 3 days after glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon and cloransulam-methyl does not affect soybean injury, vigour or yield, but it can slightly enhance the vigour and yield of soybean when applied after thifensulfuron-methyl and imazethapyr.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate applied POST caused 0 visible injury in soybean at 3 DAB
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- POST application of glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- visible injurye0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 0e0
- Qualifier
- 3 DABe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 3 DAB (days after fungicide application), the POST application of glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr caused 0, 11%, 5%, 18%, 9% and 12% visible injury in soybean, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Fomesafen applied POST caused 11% visible injury in soybean at 3 DAB
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- fomesafene0
- Outcome
- visible injurye0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 11%e0
- Qualifier
- 3 DABe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 3 DAB (days after fungicide application), the POST application of glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr caused 0, 11%, 5%, 18%, 9% and 12% visible injury in soybean, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Bentazon applied POST caused 5% visible injury in soybean at 3 DAB
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- bentazone0
- Outcome
- visible injurye0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 5%e0
- Qualifier
- 3 DABe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 3 DAB (days after fungicide application), the POST application of glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr caused 0, 11%, 5%, 18%, 9% and 12% visible injury in soybean, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Thifensulfuron-methyl applied POST caused 18% visible injury in soybean at 3 DAB
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- thifensulfuron-methyle0
- Outcome
- visible injurye0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 18%e0
- Qualifier
- 3 DABe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 3 DAB (days after fungicide application), the POST application of glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr caused 0, 11%, 5%, 18%, 9% and 12% visible injury in soybean, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Cloransulam-methyl applied POST caused 9% visible injury in soybean at 3 DAB
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- cloransulam-methyle0
- Outcome
- visible injurye0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 9%e0
- Qualifier
- 3 DABe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 3 DAB (days after fungicide application), the POST application of glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr caused 0, 11%, 5%, 18%, 9% and 12% visible injury in soybean, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr applied POST caused 12% visible injury in soybean at 3 DAB
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- imazethapyre0
- Outcome
- visible injurye0
- Direction
- increaseinferrede0
- Value
- 12%e0
- Qualifier
- 3 DABe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At 3 DAB (days after fungicide application), the POST application of glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr caused 0, 11%, 5%, 18%, 9% and 12% visible injury in soybean, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate applied POST without the fungicide gave soybean vigour of 100% at 3 DAB
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- glyphosatee1
- Outcome
- Soybean vigoure1
- Value
- 100%e1
- Qualifier
- applied POST without the fungicide applicatione1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Soybean vigour with glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr applied POST without the fungicide application was 100%, 91%, 95%, 84%, 91% and 88%, respectively at 3 DAB”
Claim · model-written summary
Fomesafen applied POST without the fungicide gave soybean vigour of 91% at 3 DAB
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- fomesafene1
- Outcome
- Soybean vigoure1
- Value
- 91%e1
- Qualifier
- applied POST without the fungicide applicatione1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Soybean vigour with glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr applied POST without the fungicide application was 100%, 91%, 95%, 84%, 91% and 88%, respectively at 3 DAB”
Claim · model-written summary
Bentazon applied POST without the fungicide gave soybean vigour of 95% at 3 DAB
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- bentazone1
- Outcome
- Soybean vigoure1
- Value
- 95%e1
- Qualifier
- applied POST without the fungicide applicatione1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Soybean vigour with glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr applied POST without the fungicide application was 100%, 91%, 95%, 84%, 91% and 88%, respectively at 3 DAB”
Claim · model-written summary
Thifensulfuron-methyl applied POST without the fungicide gave soybean vigour of 84% at 3 DAB
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- thifensulfuron-methyle1
- Outcome
- Soybean vigoure1
- Value
- 84%e1
- Qualifier
- applied POST without the fungicide applicatione1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Soybean vigour with glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr applied POST without the fungicide application was 100%, 91%, 95%, 84%, 91% and 88%, respectively at 3 DAB”
Claim · model-written summary
Cloransulam-methyl applied POST without the fungicide gave soybean vigour of 91% at 3 DAB
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- cloransulam-methyle1
- Outcome
- Soybean vigoure1
- Value
- 91%e1
- Qualifier
- applied POST without the fungicide applicatione1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Soybean vigour with glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr applied POST without the fungicide application was 100%, 91%, 95%, 84%, 91% and 88%, respectively at 3 DAB”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr applied POST without the fungicide gave soybean vigour of 88% at 3 DAB
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- imazethapyre1
- Outcome
- Soybean vigoure1
- Value
- 88%e1
- Qualifier
- applied POST without the fungicide applicatione1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Soybean vigour with glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon, thifensulfuron-methyl, cloransulam-methyl and imazethapyr applied POST without the fungicide application was 100%, 91%, 95%, 84%, 91% and 88%, respectively at 3 DAB”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad applied after thifensulfuron-methyl improved soybean vigour by 6%
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe6
- Treatment
- pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxade6
- Outcome
- soybean vigoure6
- Direction
- improvede6
- Value
- 6%e6
- Qualifier
- thifensulfuron-methyle6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“except with thifensulfuron-methyl where soybean vigour was improved 6% when followed by pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad after the herbicides did not reduce soybean injury, and had no effect on soybean yield overall
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe7
- Treatment
- pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxade7
- Outcome
- soybean injurye7
- Direction
- reducee7
- Qualifier
- no effect of herbicide and fungicide treatments on soybean yielde2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The application of pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad after the application of herbicides evaluated did not reduce soybean injury”
e2“There was no effect of herbicide and fungicide treatments on soybean yield except for thifensulfuron-methyl and imazethapyr without the fungicide treatments which reduced soybean relative yield 7% and 10%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Thifensulfuron-methyl without the fungicide reduced soybean relative yield by 7%
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Treatment
- thifensulfuron-methyle2
- Outcome
- soybean relative yielde2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- 7%e2
- Qualifier
- without the fungicide treatmentse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“There was no effect of herbicide and fungicide treatments on soybean yield except for thifensulfuron-methyl and imazethapyr without the fungicide treatments which reduced soybean relative yield 7% and 10%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr without the fungicide reduced soybean relative yield by 10%
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe2
- Treatment
- imazethapyre2
- Outcome
- soybean relative yielde2
- Direction
- reducede2
- Value
- 10%e2
- Qualifier
- without the fungicide treatmentse2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“There was no effect of herbicide and fungicide treatments on soybean yield except for thifensulfuron-methyl and imazethapyr without the fungicide treatments which reduced soybean relative yield 7% and 10%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad after imazethapyr increased soybean yield by 3%
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe3
- Treatment
- pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxade3
- Outcome
- soybean yielde3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 3%e3
- Qualifier
- after the application of imazethapyre3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The application of pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad after the application of imazethapyr increased soybean yield 3%”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean injury decreased over time to less than 5% at 8 WAB in all treatments
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- injurye5
- Value
- less than 5%e5
- Qualifier
- at 8 WABe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The injury decreased over time with less than 5% injury at 8 WAB (weeks after fungicide application) in all treatments evaluated”
t0“Soybean Injury”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean vigour increased over time to 95% - 100% at 8 WAB
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe4
- Outcome
- soybean vigoure4
- Value
- 95% - 100%e4
- Qualifier
- at 8 WABe4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The soybean vigour increased over time to 95% - 100% at 8 WAB”
Claim · model-written summary
Applying pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad after the herbicides does not affect soybean injury, vigour or yield, but may slightly enhance soybean vigour and yield after thifensulfuron-methyl and imazethapyr
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Outcome
- vigour and yield of soybeane1
- Qualifier
- when applied after thifensulfuron-methyl and imazethapyre1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“applying pyraclostrobin/fluxapyroxad fungicide 2 - 3 days after glyphosate, fomesafen, bentazon and cloransulam-methyl does not affect soybean injury, vigour or yield, but it can slightly enhance the vigour and yield of soybean when applied after thifensulfuron-methyl and imazethapyr”
The same questions in other papers
pyraclostrobin · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- no effect
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See all 15 papers →glyphosate · crop injury · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
22 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
29 papers more in this group
See all 33 papers →Imazethapyr · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
18 papers in the same direction as this paper · 66 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
81 papers more in this group
See all 85 papers →cloransulam-methyl · crop injury · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
pyraclostrobin · crop injury · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
fluxapyroxad · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
bentazone · crop injury · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →fomesafen · crop injury · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.