Abstract
Field and greenhouse experiments were conducted in 1995 and 1996 to determine soybean injury and weed control differences from imazamox and imazethapyr applied postemergence with a nonionic surfactant or methylated seed oil and with selected tank mixtures. Soybean injury from imazamox at 35 g ai ha −1 plus either a methylated seed oil or nonionic surfactant was equal to injury from imazethapyr at 70 g ai ha −1 in the greenhouse and field. Imazamox provided greater common lambsquarters control than imazethapyr in the field in 1995 and in the greenhouse. Thifensulfuron tank mixed with imazethapyr increased common lambsquarters control, while soybean response increased when thifensulfuron was tank mixed with imazamox. Common ragweed dry weight was reduced 61 to 64% from 35 g ha −1 imazamox and 70 g ha −1 imazethapyr in the field; however, imazamox provided greater common ragweed control than imazethapyr in the greenhouse. Tank mixtures of lactofen with imazamox or imazethapyr increased common ragweed control and resulted in greater soybean seed yield in 1996 than when imazamox and imazethapyr were applied alone; however, lactofen antagonized giant foxtail control with imazamox and imazethapyr, and antagonized common lambsquarters control with imazamox. Giant foxtail control in the greenhouse was antagonized more when acifluorfen, fomesafen, and lactofen were tank mixed with 35 g ha −1 imazethapyr than with 35 g ha −1 imazamox. Giant foxtail control with imazamox or imazethapyr applied alone or with diphenyl ether herbicides increased when 28% urea ammonium nitrate was added with nonionic surfactant compared with nonionic surfactant only. Imazethapyr antagonized giant foxtail control by clethodim in the field and was more antagonistic than imazamox in the greenhouse. A methylated seed oil improved common ragweed control by imazethapyr at 70 g ha −1 and imazamox at 18 and 35 g ha −1 , while common lambsquarters and velvetleaf control increased when a methylated seed oil was included with 18 g ha −1 imazethapyr compared to nonionic surfactant in the greenhouse.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Imazamox with either adjuvant caused soybean injury equal to imazethapyr in greenhouse and field.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- imazamox at 35 g ai ha −1 plus either a methylated seed oil or nonionic surfactante1
- Outcome
- Soybean injurye1
- Direction
- equale1
- Comparator
- imazethapyr at 70 g ai ha −1e1
- Setting
- greenhouse and fielde1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Soybean injury from imazamox at 35 g ai ha −1 plus either a methylated seed oil or nonionic surfactant was equal to injury from imazethapyr at 70 g ai ha −1 in the greenhouse and field”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazamox controlled common lambsquarters more than imazethapyr in field and greenhouse.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Imazamoxe1
- Interactor
- common lambsquarters
Chenopodium albume1weed - Outcome
- common lambsquarters controle1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- imazethapyre1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e1“Imazamox provided greater common lambsquarters control than imazethapyr in the field in 1995 and in the greenhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
Thifensulfuron mixed with imazethapyr increased common lambsquarters control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Thifensulfuron tank mixed with imazethapyre1
- Interactor
- common lambsquartersChenopodium albume1weed
- Outcome
- common lambsquarters controle1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e1“Thifensulfuron tank mixed with imazethapyr increased common lambsquarters control”
Claim · model-written summary
Thifensulfuron mixed with imazamox increased soybean response.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- thifensulfuron was tank mixed with imazamoxe1
- Outcome
- soybean responsee1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e1“soybean response increased when thifensulfuron was tank mixed with imazamox”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazamox and imazethapyr reduced common ragweed dry weight 61 to 64% in the field.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 35 g ha −1 imazamox and 70 g ha −1 imazethapyre1
- Interactor
- Common ragweed
Ambrosia artemisiifoliae1weed - Outcome
- Common ragweed dry weighte1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 61 to 64%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e1“Common ragweed dry weight was reduced 61 to 64% from 35 g ha −1 imazamox and 70 g ha −1 imazethapyr in the field”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazamox gave greater common ragweed control than imazethapyr in the greenhouse.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- imazamoxe1
- Interactor
- common ragweedAmbrosia artemisiifoliae1weed
- Outcome
- common ragweed controle1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- imazethapyre1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e1“imazamox provided greater common ragweed control than imazethapyr in the greenhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
Lactofen mixtures with imazamox or imazethapyr increased common ragweed control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Tank mixtures of lactofen with imazamox or imazethapyre1
- Interactor
- common ragweedAmbrosia artemisiifoliae1weed
- Outcome
- common ragweed controle1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e1“Tank mixtures of lactofen with imazamox or imazethapyr increased common ragweed control”
Claim · model-written summary
Lactofen mixtures gave greater soybean seed yield than imazamox and imazethapyr alone in 1996.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Tank mixtures of lactofen with imazamox or imazethapyre1
- Outcome
- soybean seed yielde1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Comparator
- imazamox and imazethapyr were applied alonee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Tank mixtures of lactofen with imazamox or imazethapyr increased common ragweed control and resulted in greater soybean seed yield in 1996 than when imazamox and imazethapyr were applied alone”
Claim · model-written summary
Lactofen antagonized giant foxtail control with imazamox and imazethapyr.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- lactofene1
- Interactor
- giant foxtaile1weed
- Outcome
- giant foxtail controle1
- Direction
- antagonizede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e1“lactofen antagonized giant foxtail control with imazamox and imazethapyr”
Claim · model-written summary
Lactofen antagonized common lambsquarters control with imazamox.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- lactofene2
- Interactor
- common lambsquartersChenopodium albume1weed
- Outcome
- common lambsquarters controle1
- Direction
- antagonizede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e1“antagonized common lambsquarters control with imazamox”
e2“lactofen antagonized giant foxtail control”
Claim · model-written summary
Acifluorfen, fomesafen and lactofen mixtures antagonized giant foxtail control more with imazethapyr than imazamox.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- acifluorfen, fomesafen, and lactofen were tank mixed with 35 g ha −1 imazethapyre1
- Interactor
- Giant foxtaile1weed
- Outcome
- Giant foxtail controle1
- Direction
- antagonized moree1
- Comparator
- 35 g ha −1 imazamoxe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e1“Giant foxtail control in the greenhouse was antagonized more when acifluorfen, fomesafen, and lactofen were tank mixed with 35 g ha −1 imazethapyr than with 35 g ha −1 imazamox”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea ammonium nitrate added with surfactant increased giant foxtail control relative to surfactant alone.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 28% urea ammonium nitrate was added with nonionic surfactante1
- Interactor
- Giant foxtaile1weed
- Outcome
- Giant foxtail controle1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- nonionic surfactant onlye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e1“Giant foxtail control with imazamox or imazethapyr applied alone or with diphenyl ether herbicides increased when 28% urea ammonium nitrate was added with nonionic surfactant compared with nonionic surfactant only”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr antagonized clethodim control of giant foxtail in the field.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Imazethapyre1
- Interactor
- giant foxtaile1weed
- Outcome
- giant foxtail control by clethodime1
- Direction
- antagonizede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e1“Imazethapyr antagonized giant foxtail control by clethodim in the field”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr antagonized clethodim giant foxtail control more than imazamox in the greenhouse.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Imazethapyre1
- Interactor
- giant foxtaile1weed
- Outcome
- giant foxtail control by clethodime1
- Direction
- more antagonistice1
- Comparator
- imazamoxe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e1“Imazethapyr antagonized giant foxtail control by clethodim in the field and was more antagonistic than imazamox in the greenhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
Methylated seed oil improved common ragweed control by imazethapyr and imazamox.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- A methylated seed oile1
- Interactor
- common ragweedAmbrosia artemisiifoliae1weed
- Outcome
- common ragweed controle1
- Direction
- improvede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e1“A methylated seed oil improved common ragweed control by imazethapyr at 70 g ha −1 and imazamox at 18 and 35 g ha −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Methylated seed oil increased common lambsquarters and velvetleaf control with imazethapyr versus nonionic surfactant.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- a methylated seed oil was included with 18 g ha −1 imazethapyre1
- Interactor
- common lambsquartersChenopodium albume1weed
- Second interactor
- velvetleaf
Abutilon theophrastie1weed - Outcome
- common lambsquarters and velvetleaf controle1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- nonionic surfactante1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean”
e1“common lambsquarters and velvetleaf control increased when a methylated seed oil was included with 18 g ha −1 imazethapyr compared to nonionic surfactant in the greenhouse”
The same questions in other papers
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- negative
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1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
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1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
urea ammonium nitrate · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
imazamox · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
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- negative
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2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction
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See all 21 papers →fomesafen · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 19 in the opposite direction
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See all 22 papers →Imazethapyr · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 21 in the opposite direction
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See all 25 papers →8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.