Abstract
Field experiments were conducted over 3 yr at three locations in Illinois to evaluate the efficacy of glyphosate in glyphosate-resistant soybean planted in rows spaced 19, 38, and 76 cm. Minimal soybean injury (less than 10%) was observed from any glyphosate treatment. Glyphosate treatments controlled 82 to 99% of giant foxtail. Common waterhemp control was increased as soybean row spacing was decreased. Applying sequential glyphosate applications or increasing the glyphosate rate from 420 g ae/ha to 840 g/ha frequently increased common waterhemp control in 76-cm rows. Velvetleaf control with glyphosate was variable, ranging from 48 to 99%. Decreasing soybean row spacing, utilizing sequential glyphosate applications, or increasing the glyphosate rate improved velvetleaf control in at least four of eight site-years. Glyphosate treatments generally resulted in weed control and soybean yield equal to or greater than the standard herbicide treatments. However, glyphosate treatments yielded less than the hand-weeded control in four of eight site-years, suggesting that weed control from glyphosate treatments was sometimes inadequate.Nomenclature: Glyphosate; common waterhemp, Amaranthus rudis Sauer #3 AMATA; giant foxtail, Setaria faberi Herrm. # SETFA; velvetleaf, Abutilon theophrasti Medik. # ABUTH; soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.Additional index words: Herbicide-resistant crops.Abbreviations: EPOST, early postemergence; LPOST, late postemergence; MPOST, mid-postemergence; NIS, nonionic surfactant; UAN, 28% urea ammonium nitrate; WAT, weeks after treatment.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean injury from any glyphosate treatment was minimal, under 10%.
- Taxon
- Glycine max
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- glyphosate treatmente0
- Outcome
- soybean injurye0
- Direction
- Minimale0
- Value
- less than 10%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glycine max”
e0“Minimal soybean injury (less than 10%) was observed from any glyphosate treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate treatments controlled 82 to 99% of giant foxtail.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate treatmentse0
- Interactor
- giant foxtaile0weed
- Outcome
- giant foxtaile0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 82 to 99%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glycine max”
e0“Glyphosate treatments controlled 82 to 99% of giant foxtail”
Claim · model-written summary
Control of common waterhemp increased as soybean row spacing decreased.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- soybean row spacing was decreasede0
- Interactor
- Common waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- Common waterhemp controle0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glycine max”
e0“Common waterhemp control was increased as soybean row spacing was decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequential glyphosate applications frequently increased common waterhemp control in 76-cm rows.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- sequential glyphosate applicationse0
- Interactor
- common waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- common waterhemp controle0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- in 76-cm rowse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glycine max”
e0“Applying sequential glyphosate applications or increasing the glyphosate rate from 420 g ae/ha to 840 g/ha frequently increased common waterhemp control in 76-cm rows”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing the glyphosate rate from 420 to 840 g ae/ha frequently increased common waterhemp control in 76-cm rows.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- increasing the glyphosate rate from 420 g ae/ha to 840 g/hae0
- Interactor
- common waterhempe0weed
- Outcome
- common waterhemp controle0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- in 76-cm rowse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glycine max”
e0“Applying sequential glyphosate applications or increasing the glyphosate rate from 420 g ae/ha to 840 g/ha frequently increased common waterhemp control in 76-cm rows”
Claim · model-written summary
Velvetleaf control with glyphosate was variable, ranging from 48 to 99%.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- Velvetleaf
Abutilon theophrastie0weed - Outcome
- Velvetleaf control with glyphosatee0
- Value
- 48 to 99%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glycine max”
e0“Velvetleaf control with glyphosate was variable, ranging from 48 to 99%”
Claim · model-written summary
Decreasing soybean row spacing improved velvetleaf control in at least four of eight site-years.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Decreasing soybean row spacinge0
- Interactor
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie0weed
- Outcome
- velvetleaf controle0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- in at least four of eight site-yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glycine max”
e0“Decreasing soybean row spacing, utilizing sequential glyphosate applications, or increasing the glyphosate rate improved velvetleaf control in at least four of eight site-years”
Claim · model-written summary
Sequential glyphosate applications improved velvetleaf control in at least four of eight site-years.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- utilizing sequential glyphosate applicationse0
- Interactor
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie0weed
- Outcome
- velvetleaf controle0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- in at least four of eight site-yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glycine max”
e0“Decreasing soybean row spacing, utilizing sequential glyphosate applications, or increasing the glyphosate rate improved velvetleaf control in at least four of eight site-years”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing the glyphosate rate improved velvetleaf control in at least four of eight site-years.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- increasing the glyphosate ratee0
- Interactor
- velvetleafAbutilon theophrastie0weed
- Outcome
- velvetleaf controle0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- in at least four of eight site-yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glycine max”
e0“Decreasing soybean row spacing, utilizing sequential glyphosate applications, or increasing the glyphosate rate improved velvetleaf control in at least four of eight site-years”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate treatments generally gave weed control and soybean yield equal to or greater than the standard herbicide treatments.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate treatmentse0
- Outcome
- weed control and soybean yielde0
- Direction
- equal to or greater thane0
- Comparator
- the standard herbicide treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glycine max”
e0“Glyphosate treatments generally resulted in weed control and soybean yield equal to or greater than the standard herbicide treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate treatments yielded less than the hand-weeded control in four of eight site-years.
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- glyphosate treatmentse0
- Outcome
- yieldede0
- Direction
- less thane0
- Qualifier
- in four of eight site-yearse0
- Comparator
- the hand-weeded controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Glycine max”
e0“glyphosate treatments yielded less than the hand-weeded control in four of eight site-years”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · crop injury · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
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- negative
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69 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
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1 in the opposite direction
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density · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.