Abstract
To investigate the response due to application of newer insecticide on sucking pest in okra, a trial was designed at field level for three consecutive years from 2011-12 to 2013-14 in kharif season. Moreover, impacts of applied insecticides on natural enemies were also assessed. Based on experimental finding thiamethoxam 25WG 0.003% (2.83 per 3 leaves, 0.93 per 3 leaves), imidacloprid 70WG 0.004% (3.49 per 3 leaves, 1.30 per 3 leaves) and thiacloprid 21.7 SC 0.006% (4.28 per 3 leaves, 1.75 per 3 leaves) provided superior control of leafhoppers and whiteflies population on okra. Effectiveness of these treatments was reflected in terms of reduction in population of both insects and significantly increases (thiamethoxam: 95.50 q/ha, imidacloprid: 86.96 q/ha and thiacloprid: 80.99 q/ha) the fruit yield in comparison to others. However, the incidence of Yellow Vein Mosaic disease was recorded least in thiamethoxam 0.003% sprayed plots followed by imidacloprid 0.004%. Slow progress in the population ofwhitefly and leaf hopper was recorded in thiamethoxam 0.003% applied plots. There was positive correlation between whitefly and virus incidence in conducted field trial. Under the experiment, neonicotinoids group of insecticides have not adverse effect on natural enemies in okra crop. The information generated under the study can be incorporated in management modules in crop okra without disturbing the ecology of natural enemy and cropping system. In our findings, the quantitative data of temporal increment of whiteflies and mosaic disease will be helpful in understanding or formulating of epidemiological models.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Thiamethoxam 25WG 0.003% controlled leafhoppers and whiteflies on okra at 2.83 and 0.93 per three leaves.
- Taxon
- okra
.jpg?width=60)
Abelmoschus esculentuse0 - Treatment
- thiamethoxam 25WG 0.003%e0
- Interactor
- leafhoppers and whitefliesCicadellidaeAleyrodoideae0pest
- Outcome
- leafhoppers and whiteflies populatione0
- Direction
- superior controle0
- Value
- 2.83 per 3 leaves, 0.93 per 3 leavese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“thiamethoxam 25WG 0.003% (2.83 per 3 leaves, 0.93 per 3 leaves), imidacloprid 70WG 0.004% (3.49 per 3 leaves, 1.30 per 3 leaves) and thiacloprid 21.7 SC 0.006% (4.28 per 3 leaves, 1.75 per 3 leaves) provided superior control of leafhoppers and whiteflies population on okra.”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid 70WG 0.004% controlled okra leafhoppers and whiteflies at 3.49 and 1.30 per three leaves.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- imidacloprid 70WG 0.004%e0
- Interactor
- leafhoppers and whitefliesCicadellidaeAleyrodoideae0pest
- Outcome
- leafhoppers and whiteflies populatione0
- Direction
- superior controle0
- Value
- 3.49 per 3 leaves, 1.30 per 3 leavese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“thiamethoxam 25WG 0.003% (2.83 per 3 leaves, 0.93 per 3 leaves), imidacloprid 70WG 0.004% (3.49 per 3 leaves, 1.30 per 3 leaves) and thiacloprid 21.7 SC 0.006% (4.28 per 3 leaves, 1.75 per 3 leaves) provided superior control of leafhoppers and whiteflies population on okra.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiacloprid 21.7 SC 0.006% controlled okra leafhoppers and whiteflies at 4.28 and 1.75 per three leaves.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- thiacloprid 21.7 SC 0.006%e0
- Interactor
- leafhoppers and whitefliesCicadellidaeAleyrodoideae0pest
- Outcome
- leafhoppers and whiteflies populatione0
- Direction
- superior controle0
- Value
- 4.28 per 3 leaves, 1.75 per 3 leavese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“thiamethoxam 25WG 0.003% (2.83 per 3 leaves, 0.93 per 3 leaves), imidacloprid 70WG 0.004% (3.49 per 3 leaves, 1.30 per 3 leaves) and thiacloprid 21.7 SC 0.006% (4.28 per 3 leaves, 1.75 per 3 leaves) provided superior control of leafhoppers and whiteflies population on okra.”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiamethoxam significantly increased okra fruit yield to 95.50 q/ha compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- thiamethoxam 25WG 0.003%e1
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 95.50 q/hae0
- Comparator
- otherse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly increases (thiamethoxam: 95.50 q/ha, imidacloprid: 86.96 q/ha and thiacloprid: 80.99 q/ha) the fruit yield in comparison to others.”
e1“thiamethoxam 25WG 0.003%”
t0“in okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid significantly increased okra fruit yield to 86.96 q/ha compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- imidacloprid 70WG 0.004%e1
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 86.96 q/hae0
- Comparator
- otherse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly increases (thiamethoxam: 95.50 q/ha, imidacloprid: 86.96 q/ha and thiacloprid: 80.99 q/ha) the fruit yield in comparison to others.”
e1“imidacloprid 70WG 0.004%”
t0“in okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiacloprid significantly increased okra fruit yield to 80.99 q/ha compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- thiacloprid 21.7 SC 0.006%e1
- Outcome
- fruit yielde0
- Direction
- increasese0
- Value
- 80.99 q/hae0
- Comparator
- otherse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly increases (thiamethoxam: 95.50 q/ha, imidacloprid: 86.96 q/ha and thiacloprid: 80.99 q/ha) the fruit yield in comparison to others.”
e1“thiacloprid 21.7 SC 0.006%”
t0“in okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Yellow Vein Mosaic disease incidence was lowest in thiamethoxam sprayed okra plots, followed by imidacloprid.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- thiamethoxam 0.003%e0
- Outcome
- incidence of Yellow Vein Mosaic diseasee0
- Direction
- leaste0
- Comparator
- imidacloprid 0.004%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the incidence of Yellow Vein Mosaic disease was recorded least in thiamethoxam 0.003% sprayed plots followed by imidacloprid 0.004%.”
t0“in okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Whitefly and leafhopper populations progressed slowly in thiamethoxam treated okra plots.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- thiamethoxam 0.003%e0
- Interactor
- whitefly and leaf hoppere0pest
- Outcome
- population ofwhitefly and leaf hoppere0
- Direction
- Slow progresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Slow progress in the population ofwhitefly and leaf hopper was recorded in thiamethoxam 0.003% applied plots.”
t0“in okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Whitefly abundance and virus incidence were positively correlated in the okra field trial.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Interactor
- whiteflye0pest
- Outcome
- virus incidencee0
- Direction
- positive correlatione0
- Setting
- field triale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was positive correlation between whitefly and virus incidence in conducted field trial.”
t0“in okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Neonicotinoid insecticides had no adverse effect on natural enemies in okra.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- neonicotinoids group of insecticidese0
- Interactor
- natural enemiese0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- natural enemiese0
- Direction
- not adverse effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“neonicotinoids group of insecticides have not adverse effect on natural enemies in okra crop.”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.