Abstract
Alligatorweed is a perennial, invasive weed in southern United States rice production, but knowledge on effective management of this weed is limited, especially in conventional (non-imidazolinone-resistant) rice fields. Field studies were conducted in multiple environments in southeastern Texas to evaluate different herbicide options involving penoxsulam, propanil, triclopyr, halosulfuron, bispyribac-sodium, bensulfuron, and quinclorac for alligatorweed control in conventional drill-seeded rice when applied at early POST (EPOST), late POST (LPOST), or both. Among the herbicide options evaluated, penoxsulam alone (up to 83%), penoxsulam plus triclopyr (up to 87%), or bispyribac-sodium plus triclopyr (92%) provided superior alligatorweed control. Plots treated with penoxsulam plus triclopyr EPOST produced the highest yields (9,550 kg ha −1 ), which were comparable to plots receiving penoxsulam plus triclopyr LPOST (9,320 kg ha −1 ), penoxsulam alone EPOST (9,280 kg ha −1 ), and penoxsulam plus halosulfuron LPOST (9,180 kg ha −1 ). Considering both weed control and rice grain yields, penoxsulam plus triclopyr applied EPOST was found to be the best option among the treatments tested. The treatments bensulfuron alone, bensulfuron plus propanil, penoxsulam plus propanil, triclopyr plus propanil, and bispyribac-sodium plus propanil provided poor (≤ 65%) alligatorweed control. Results also suggest the likelihood for antagonistic interactions when tank-mix combinations tested in this study included propanil.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam alone gave superior alligatorweed control in rice (up to 83%).
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- penoxsulam alonee2
- Interactor
- alligatorweede1weed
- Outcome
- alligatorweed controle2
- Direction
- superiore2
- Value
- up to 83%e2
- Comparator
- the herbicide options evaluatede2
- Setting
- southeastern Texase0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted in multiple environments in southeastern Texas”
e1“to evaluate different herbicide options involving penoxsulam, propanil, triclopyr, halosulfuron, bispyribac-sodium, bensulfuron, and quinclorac for alligatorweed control in conventional drill-seeded rice”
e2“Among the herbicide options evaluated, penoxsulam alone (up to 83%), penoxsulam plus triclopyr (up to 87%), or bispyribac-sodium plus triclopyr (92%) provided superior alligatorweed control”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam plus triclopyr gave superior alligatorweed control in rice (up to 87%).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- penoxsulam plus triclopyre2
- Interactor
- alligatorweede1weed
- Outcome
- alligatorweed controle2
- Direction
- superiore2
- Value
- up to 87%e2
- Comparator
- the herbicide options evaluatede2
- Setting
- southeastern Texase0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted in multiple environments in southeastern Texas”
e1“to evaluate different herbicide options involving penoxsulam, propanil, triclopyr, halosulfuron, bispyribac-sodium, bensulfuron, and quinclorac for alligatorweed control in conventional drill-seeded rice”
e2“Among the herbicide options evaluated, penoxsulam alone (up to 83%), penoxsulam plus triclopyr (up to 87%), or bispyribac-sodium plus triclopyr (92%) provided superior alligatorweed control”
Claim · model-written summary
Bispyribac-sodium plus triclopyr gave superior alligatorweed control in rice (92%).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- bispyribac-sodium plus triclopyre2
- Interactor
- alligatorweede1weed
- Outcome
- alligatorweed controle2
- Direction
- superiore2
- Value
- 92%e2
- Comparator
- the herbicide options evaluatede2
- Setting
- southeastern Texase0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted in multiple environments in southeastern Texas”
e1“to evaluate different herbicide options involving penoxsulam, propanil, triclopyr, halosulfuron, bispyribac-sodium, bensulfuron, and quinclorac for alligatorweed control in conventional drill-seeded rice”
e2“Among the herbicide options evaluated, penoxsulam alone (up to 83%), penoxsulam plus triclopyr (up to 87%), or bispyribac-sodium plus triclopyr (92%) provided superior alligatorweed control”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam plus triclopyr applied EPOST produced the highest rice yield (9,550 kg ha −1).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- penoxsulam plus triclopyr EPOSTe3
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Value
- 9,550 kg ha −1e3
- Setting
- southeastern Texase0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted in multiple environments in southeastern Texas”
e1“to evaluate different herbicide options involving penoxsulam, propanil, triclopyr, halosulfuron, bispyribac-sodium, bensulfuron, and quinclorac for alligatorweed control in conventional drill-seeded rice”
e3“Plots treated with penoxsulam plus triclopyr EPOST produced the highest yields (9,550 kg ha −1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam plus triclopyr LPOST rice yield was comparable to EPOST (9,320 kg ha −1).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- penoxsulam plus triclopyr LPOSTe4
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- comparablee4
- Value
- 9,320 kg ha −1e4
- Comparator
- penoxsulam plus triclopyr EPOSTe3
- Setting
- southeastern Texase0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted in multiple environments in southeastern Texas”
e1“to evaluate different herbicide options involving penoxsulam, propanil, triclopyr, halosulfuron, bispyribac-sodium, bensulfuron, and quinclorac for alligatorweed control in conventional drill-seeded rice”
e3“Plots treated with penoxsulam plus triclopyr EPOST produced the highest yields (9,550 kg ha −1 )”
e4“which were comparable to plots receiving penoxsulam plus triclopyr LPOST (9,320 kg ha −1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam alone applied EPOST rice yield was comparable to the best EPOST treatment (9,280 kg ha −1).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- penoxsulam alone EPOSTe5
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- comparablee4
- Value
- 9,280 kg ha −1e5
- Comparator
- penoxsulam plus triclopyr EPOSTe3
- Setting
- southeastern Texase0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted in multiple environments in southeastern Texas”
e1“to evaluate different herbicide options involving penoxsulam, propanil, triclopyr, halosulfuron, bispyribac-sodium, bensulfuron, and quinclorac for alligatorweed control in conventional drill-seeded rice”
e3“Plots treated with penoxsulam plus triclopyr EPOST produced the highest yields (9,550 kg ha −1 )”
e4“which were comparable to plots receiving penoxsulam plus triclopyr LPOST (9,320 kg ha −1 )”
e5“penoxsulam alone EPOST (9,280 kg ha −1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam plus halosulfuron LPOST rice yield was comparable to the best EPOST treatment (9,180 kg ha −1).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- penoxsulam plus halosulfuron LPOSTe6
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- comparablee4
- Value
- 9,180 kg ha −1e6
- Comparator
- penoxsulam plus triclopyr EPOSTe3
- Setting
- southeastern Texase0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted in multiple environments in southeastern Texas”
e1“to evaluate different herbicide options involving penoxsulam, propanil, triclopyr, halosulfuron, bispyribac-sodium, bensulfuron, and quinclorac for alligatorweed control in conventional drill-seeded rice”
e3“Plots treated with penoxsulam plus triclopyr EPOST produced the highest yields (9,550 kg ha −1 )”
e4“which were comparable to plots receiving penoxsulam plus triclopyr LPOST (9,320 kg ha −1 )”
e6“penoxsulam plus halosulfuron LPOST (9,180 kg ha −1 )”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam plus triclopyr applied EPOST was the best option among the treatments tested in rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- penoxsulam plus triclopyr applied EPOSTe7
- Outcome
- best optione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to evaluate different herbicide options involving penoxsulam, propanil, triclopyr, halosulfuron, bispyribac-sodium, bensulfuron, and quinclorac for alligatorweed control in conventional drill-seeded rice”
e7“penoxsulam plus triclopyr applied EPOST was found to be the best option among the treatments tested”
Claim · model-written summary
Bensulfuron alone, bensulfuron plus propanil and penoxsulam plus propanil gave poor alligatorweed control (≤ 65%).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- bensulfuron alone, bensulfuron plus propanil, penoxsulam plus propanile7
- Interactor
- alligatorweede1weed
- Outcome
- alligatorweed controle7
- Direction
- poore7
- Value
- ≤ 65%e7
- Setting
- southeastern Texase0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted in multiple environments in southeastern Texas”
e1“to evaluate different herbicide options involving penoxsulam, propanil, triclopyr, halosulfuron, bispyribac-sodium, bensulfuron, and quinclorac for alligatorweed control in conventional drill-seeded rice”
e7“The treatments bensulfuron alone, bensulfuron plus propanil, penoxsulam plus propanil, triclopyr plus propanil, and bispyribac-sodium plus propanil provided poor (≤ 65%) alligatorweed control”
Claim · model-written summary
Triclopyr plus propanil and bispyribac-sodium plus propanil gave poor alligatorweed control (≤ 65%).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- triclopyr plus propanil, and bispyribac-sodium plus propanile7
- Interactor
- alligatorweede1weed
- Outcome
- alligatorweed controle7
- Direction
- poore7
- Value
- ≤ 65%e7
- Setting
- southeastern Texase0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted in multiple environments in southeastern Texas”
e1“to evaluate different herbicide options involving penoxsulam, propanil, triclopyr, halosulfuron, bispyribac-sodium, bensulfuron, and quinclorac for alligatorweed control in conventional drill-seeded rice”
e7“The treatments bensulfuron alone, bensulfuron plus propanil, penoxsulam plus propanil, triclopyr plus propanil, and bispyribac-sodium plus propanil provided poor (≤ 65%) alligatorweed control”
Claim · model-written summary
Tank-mix combinations including propanil likely cause antagonistic interactions in rice weed control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- propanile6
- Outcome
- antagonistic interactionse6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to evaluate different herbicide options involving penoxsulam, propanil, triclopyr, halosulfuron, bispyribac-sodium, bensulfuron, and quinclorac for alligatorweed control in conventional drill-seeded rice”
e6“Results also suggest the likelihood for antagonistic interactions when tank-mix combinations tested in this study included propanil”
The same questions in other papers
trichlopyr · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Penoxsulam · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
74 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
83 papers more in this group
See all 87 papers →trichlopyr · control · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
bensulfuron · control · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →bispyribac-sodium · control · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Penoxsulam · control · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →propanil · control · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →Halosulfuron-methyl · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.