Abstract
Post-emergent herbicides were evaluated in a series of field experiments for control of weeds in rice nursery as well as, direct seeded and transplanted rice during the kharif seasons of 2014 and 2015. Results of one of the studies showed that flucetosulfuron at 25-30 g ha-1 applied at 15-18 DAS (days after sowing) was effective for control of many broad-leaved weeds and some grass weeds [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.]. However, flucetosulfuron was not reasonably effective against major upland rice weeds namely Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd and Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. infesting rice nursery and direct seeded rice (DSR). Under puddle transplanted rice (PTR) conditions, flucetosulfuron 25-30 g ha-1 applied at 15-19 days after transplanting had similar weed control levels and rice grain yields as obtained with bispyribac-Na at 20 g ha-1 and azimsulfuron at 35 g ha-1. However, in the DSR, weed control and rice grain yields with flucetosulfuron were poorer to that observed with application of azimsulfuron 35 g ha-1. In another field study, ready-mixture of penoxsulam + bentazone (1:36) at 840-1110 g ha-1 as post-emergent (18 DAS or 20 DAT) option was evaluated against weeds in DSR and PTR along with standard check herbicides, azimsulfuron 35 g ha-1, and cyhalofop-p-butyl 80 g ha-1. Penoxsulam + bentazone at 925-1110 g ha-1 was very effective for control of grass weed, E. crus-galli (98-100% control) and many broad-leaved weeds but was not effective against D. aegyptium and D. sanguinalis found in DSR. Consequently, the poor weed control (508-524 g m-2 total weed dry weight) with application of penoxsulam + bentazone combination at 925-1110 g ha-1 resulted in 1.45-1.48 t ha-1 lesser grain yield compared to azimsulfuron 35 g ha-1 (218.2 g m-2 total weed dry weight). Under puddle transplanted conditions, penoxsulam + bentazone combination and azimsulfuron 35 g ha-1 provided significantly better weed control than cyhalofop-p-butyl. The weed competition caused higher rice grain yield reductions in DSR (86-100%) than PTR conditions (25-52%). The results indicated azimsulfuron as better herbicide option for DSR than flucetosulfuron, penoxsulam, penoxsulam + bentazone and bispyribac-Na due to diverse weed flora control. Also, pot studies indicated that flucetosulfuron and azimsulfuron should be applied with cationic surfactant at 1000 ml ha-1 for better weed control efficacy. DOI: http://doi.org/10.25174/2249-4065/2019/96493
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Flucetosulfuron controlled many broad-leaved weeds.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- flucetosulfuron at 25-30 g ha-1e0
- Interactor
- broad-leaved weedse0weed
- Outcome
- control of many broad-leaved weedse0
- Direction
- effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“flucetosulfuron at 25-30 g ha-1 applied at 15-18 DAS (days after sowing) was effective for control of many broad-leaved weeds”
e1“control of weeds in rice nursery”
Claim · model-written summary
Flucetosulfuron controlled some Echinochloa crus-galli.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- flucetosulfuron at 25-30 g ha-1e0
- Interactor
- Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.
Echinochloa crus-gallie0weed - Outcome
- control of many broad-leaved weeds and some grass weedse0
- Direction
- effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“flucetosulfuron at 25-30 g ha-1 applied at 15-18 DAS (days after sowing) was effective for control of many broad-leaved weeds and some grass weeds [Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.]”
e1“control of weeds in rice nursery”
Claim · model-written summary
Flucetosulfuron was ineffective against Dactyloctenium aegyptium.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- flucetosulfurone0
- Interactor
- Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd
Dactyloctenium aegyptiume0weed - Outcome
- not reasonably effectivee0
- Direction
- not reasonably effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“flucetosulfuron was not reasonably effective against major upland rice weeds namely Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd and Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. infesting rice nursery and direct seeded rice (DSR).”
Claim · model-written summary
Flucetosulfuron was ineffective against Digitaria sanguinalis.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- flucetosulfurone0
- Interactor
- Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.
.jpg?width=60)
Digitaria sanguinalise0weed - Outcome
- not reasonably effectivee0
- Direction
- not reasonably effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“flucetosulfuron was not reasonably effective against major upland rice weeds namely Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.) Willd and Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. infesting rice nursery and direct seeded rice (DSR).”
Claim · model-written summary
In transplanted rice, flucetosulfuron and bispyribac-Na gave similar weed control and grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- flucetosulfuron 25-30 g ha-1e0
- Outcome
- weed control levels and rice grain yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- bispyribac-Na at 20 g ha-1e0
- Setting
- puddle transplanted rice (PTR)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under puddle transplanted rice (PTR) conditions, flucetosulfuron 25-30 g ha-1 applied at 15-19 days after transplanting had similar weed control levels and rice grain yields as obtained with bispyribac-Na at 20 g ha-1 and azimsulfuron at 35 g ha-1.”
Claim · model-written summary
In transplanted rice, flucetosulfuron and azimsulfuron gave similar weed control and grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- flucetosulfuron 25-30 g ha-1e0
- Outcome
- weed control levels and rice grain yieldse0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- azimsulfuron at 35 g ha-1e0
- Setting
- puddle transplanted rice (PTR)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under puddle transplanted rice (PTR) conditions, flucetosulfuron 25-30 g ha-1 applied at 15-19 days after transplanting had similar weed control levels and rice grain yields as obtained with bispyribac-Na at 20 g ha-1 and azimsulfuron at 35 g ha-1.”
Claim · model-written summary
In direct seeded rice, flucetosulfuron gave poorer weed control and yield than azimsulfuron.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- flucetosulfurone0
- Outcome
- weed control and rice grain yieldse0
- Direction
- poorere0
- Comparator
- azimsulfuron 35 g ha-1e0
- Setting
- DSRe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the DSR, weed control and rice grain yields with flucetosulfuron were poorer to that observed with application of azimsulfuron 35 g ha-1.”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam plus bentazone controlled Echinochloa crus-galli by 98-100%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Penoxsulam + bentazone at 925-1110 g ha-1e0
- Interactor
- E. crus-galliEchinochloa crus-gallie0weed
- Outcome
- control of grass weed, E. crus-gallie0
- Direction
- very effectivee0
- Value
- 98-100%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Penoxsulam + bentazone at 925-1110 g ha-1 was very effective for control of grass weed, E. crus-galli (98-100% control) and many broad-leaved weeds”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam plus bentazone controlled many broad-leaved weeds.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Penoxsulam + bentazone at 925-1110 g ha-1e0
- Interactor
- broad-leaved weedse0weed
- Outcome
- many broad-leaved weedse0
- Direction
- very effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Penoxsulam + bentazone at 925-1110 g ha-1 was very effective for control of grass weed, E. crus-galli (98-100% control) and many broad-leaved weeds”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam plus bentazone did not control Dactyloctenium aegyptium.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Penoxsulam + bentazone at 925-1110 g ha-1e1
- Interactor
- D. aegyptiumDactyloctenium aegyptiume0weed
- Outcome
- not effectivee0
- Direction
- not effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was not effective against D. aegyptium and D. sanguinalis found in DSR.”
e1“Penoxsulam + bentazone at 925-1110 g ha-1”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam plus bentazone did not control Digitaria sanguinalis.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Penoxsulam + bentazone at 925-1110 g ha-1e1
- Interactor
- D. sanguinalisDigitaria sanguinalise0weed
- Outcome
- not effectivee0
- Direction
- not effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“was not effective against D. aegyptium and D. sanguinalis found in DSR.”
e1“Penoxsulam + bentazone at 925-1110 g ha-1”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam plus bentazone left 508-524 g m-2 total weed dry weight.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- penoxsulam + bentazone combination at 925-1110 g ha-1e0
- Outcome
- total weed dry weighte0
- Direction
- poore0
- Value
- 508-524 g m-2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“poor weed control (508-524 g m-2 total weed dry weight) with application of penoxsulam + bentazone combination at 925-1110 g ha-1”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Penoxsulam plus bentazone reduced grain yield by 1.45-1.48 t ha-1 relative to azimsulfuron.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- penoxsulam + bentazone combination at 925-1110 g ha-1e1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- lessere0
- Value
- 1.45-1.48 t ha-1e0
- Comparator
- azimsulfuron 35 g ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1.45-1.48 t ha-1 lesser grain yield compared to azimsulfuron 35 g ha-1 (218.2 g m-2 total weed dry weight)”
e1“penoxsulam + bentazone combination at 925-1110 g ha-1”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
In transplanted rice, penoxsulam plus bentazone gave better weed control than cyhalofop-p-butyl.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- penoxsulam + bentazone combinatione0
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- cyhalofop-p-butyle0
- Setting
- puddle transplanted conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under puddle transplanted conditions, penoxsulam + bentazone combination and azimsulfuron 35 g ha-1 provided significantly better weed control than cyhalofop-p-butyl.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
In transplanted rice, azimsulfuron gave better weed control than cyhalofop-p-butyl.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- azimsulfuron 35 g ha-1e0
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- cyhalofop-p-butyle0
- Setting
- puddle transplanted conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under puddle transplanted conditions, penoxsulam + bentazone combination and azimsulfuron 35 g ha-1 provided significantly better weed control than cyhalofop-p-butyl.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed competition cut rice grain yield by 86-100% in direct seeded rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- rice grain yield reductionse0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 86-100%e0
- Setting
- DSRe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed competition caused higher rice grain yield reductions in DSR (86-100%) than PTR conditions (25-52%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed competition cut rice grain yield by 25-52% in transplanted rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- rice grain yield reductionse0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 25-52%e0
- Setting
- PTR conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“weed competition caused higher rice grain yield reductions in DSR (86-100%) than PTR conditions (25-52%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Azimsulfuron was recommended as a better option for direct seeded rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- azimsulfurone0
- Outcome
- better herbicide option for DSRe0
- Comparator
- flucetosulfuron, penoxsulam, penoxsulam + bentazone and bispyribac-Nae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results indicated azimsulfuron as better herbicide option for DSR than flucetosulfuron, penoxsulam, penoxsulam + bentazone and bispyribac-Na due to diverse weed flora control.”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Flucetosulfuron should be applied with cationic surfactant for improved weed control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- flucetosulfurone0
- Outcome
- better weed control efficacye0
- Qualifier
- cationic surfactant at 1000 ml ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“flucetosulfuron and azimsulfuron should be applied with cationic surfactant at 1000 ml ha-1 for better weed control efficacy”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Azimsulfuron should be applied with cationic surfactant for improved weed control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- azimsulfurone0
- Outcome
- better weed control efficacye0
- Qualifier
- cationic surfactant at 1000 ml ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“flucetosulfuron and azimsulfuron should be applied with cationic surfactant at 1000 ml ha-1 for better weed control efficacy”
t0“rice”
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