EFFECT OF WHEAT, LEGUME AND LEGUME-ENRICHED WHEAT RESIDUES ON THE PRODUCTIVITY AND NITROGEN UPTAKE OF RICE-WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEM AND SOIL FERTILITY

Claim · model-written summary

Incorporating wheat residue reduced the productivity of the rice-wheat cropping system.

Taxon

rice-wheat cropping systeme1

Treatment

incorporation of wheat residuee1

Outcome

productivity of the rice-wheat cropping systeme1

Direction

adverse effecte1

Setting

Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhie2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1

“The incorporation of wheat residue had an adverse effect on the productivity of the rice-wheat cropping system”

e2

“Field experiments were conducted for two crop years at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi”

Claim · model-written summary

Incorporating wheat residue with Sesbania green manure removed the adverse effect of wheat residue.

Taxon

rice-wheat cropping systeme1

Treatment

incorporated along with Sesbania green manuree3

Outcome

adverse effecte3

Direction

disappeare3

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e3

“When it was incorporated along with Sesbania green manure, not only did its adverse effect disappear but the response to fertilizer N was also increased”

e1

“The incorporation of wheat residue had an adverse effect on the productivity of the rice-wheat cropping system”

Claim · model-written summary

Incorporating wheat residue with Sesbania green manure increased the response to fertilizer N.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae6

Treatment

incorporated along with Sesbania green manuree3

Outcome

response to fertilizer Ne3

Direction

increasede3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e3

“When it was incorporated along with Sesbania green manure, not only did its adverse effect disappear but the response to fertilizer N was also increased”

e6

“When wheat residue was incorporated along with Sesbania green manuring, rice responded significantly to fertilizer N up to 120 kg N ha -1 in the first year and to 60 kgN ha -1 in the second year”

Claim · model-written summary

Sesbania green manure alone gave no response to fertilizer N.

Taxon

rice-wheat cropping systeme1

Treatment

Sesbania green manuree5

Outcome

response to fertilizer Ne5

Direction

no responsee5

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e5

“There was no response to fertilizer N when Sesbania green manure was incorporated”

e1

“The incorporation of wheat residue had an adverse effect on the productivity of the rice-wheat cropping system”

Claim · model-written summary

Rice responded significantly to fertilizer N up to 120 kg N/ha in the first year when wheat residue was incorporated with Sesbania green manuring.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae6

Treatment

wheat residue was incorporated along with Sesbania green manuringe6

Outcome

fertilizer Ne6

Direction

respondede6

Qualifier

up to 120 kg N ha -1 in the first yeare6

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e6

“When wheat residue was incorporated along with Sesbania green manuring, rice responded significantly to fertilizer N up to 120 kg N ha -1 in the first year and to 60 kgN ha -1 in the second year”

Claim · model-written summary

Rice responded significantly to fertilizer N up to 60 kgN/ha in the second year when wheat residue was incorporated with Sesbania green manuring.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae6

Treatment

wheat residue was incorporated along with Sesbania green manuringe6

Outcome

fertilizer Ne6

Direction

respondede6

Qualifier

to 60 kgN ha -1 in the second yeare6

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e6

“When wheat residue was incorporated along with Sesbania green manuring, rice responded significantly to fertilizer N up to 120 kg N ha -1 in the first year and to 60 kgN ha -1 in the second year”

Claim · model-written summary

Sesbania with wheat residue gave 0.8 to 1.2 t/ha more grain than wheat residue alone.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Sesbania + wheat residuee0

Outcome

graine0

Direction

moree0

Value

0.8 to 1.2 t ha -1e0

Qualifier

at these levels of Ne0

Comparator

wheat residue alonee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“at these levels of N, Sesbania + wheat residue gave 0.8 to 1.2 t ha -1 more grain, 0.6-1.0 t ha -1 more straw and 8-15 kg ha -1 more N uptake of rice resulting in 0.04-0.17% more organic C, 3-8 kg ha -1 more available P and 17-25 kg ha -1 more available K content in the soil than wheat residue alone at the same rates of N application”

Claim · model-written summary

Sesbania with wheat residue gave 0.6 to 1.0 t/ha more straw than wheat residue alone.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Sesbania + wheat residuee0

Outcome

strawe0

Direction

moree0

Value

0.6-1.0 t ha -1e0

Qualifier

at these levels of Ne0

Comparator

wheat residue alonee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“at these levels of N, Sesbania + wheat residue gave 0.8 to 1.2 t ha -1 more grain, 0.6-1.0 t ha -1 more straw and 8-15 kg ha -1 more N uptake of rice resulting in 0.04-0.17% more organic C, 3-8 kg ha -1 more available P and 17-25 kg ha -1 more available K content in the soil than wheat residue alone at the same rates of N application”

Claim · model-written summary

Sesbania with wheat residue gave 8 to 15 kg/ha more N uptake of rice than wheat residue alone.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Sesbania + wheat residuee0

Outcome

N uptake of ricee0

Direction

moree0

Value

8-15 kg ha -1e0

Qualifier

at these levels of Ne0

Comparator

wheat residue alonee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“at these levels of N, Sesbania + wheat residue gave 0.8 to 1.2 t ha -1 more grain, 0.6-1.0 t ha -1 more straw and 8-15 kg ha -1 more N uptake of rice resulting in 0.04-0.17% more organic C, 3-8 kg ha -1 more available P and 17-25 kg ha -1 more available K content in the soil than wheat residue alone at the same rates of N application”

Claim · model-written summary

Sesbania with wheat residue gave 0.04 to 0.17% more soil organic C than wheat residue alone.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Sesbania + wheat residuee0

Outcome

organic Ce0

Direction

moree0

Value

0.04-0.17%e0

Qualifier

at these levels of Ne0

Comparator

wheat residue alonee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“at these levels of N, Sesbania + wheat residue gave 0.8 to 1.2 t ha -1 more grain, 0.6-1.0 t ha -1 more straw and 8-15 kg ha -1 more N uptake of rice resulting in 0.04-0.17% more organic C, 3-8 kg ha -1 more available P and 17-25 kg ha -1 more available K content in the soil than wheat residue alone at the same rates of N application”

Claim · model-written summary

Sesbania with wheat residue gave 3 to 8 kg/ha more available P than wheat residue alone.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Sesbania + wheat residuee0

Outcome

available Pe0

Direction

moree0

Value

3-8 kg ha -1e0

Qualifier

at these levels of Ne0

Comparator

wheat residue alonee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“at these levels of N, Sesbania + wheat residue gave 0.8 to 1.2 t ha -1 more grain, 0.6-1.0 t ha -1 more straw and 8-15 kg ha -1 more N uptake of rice resulting in 0.04-0.17% more organic C, 3-8 kg ha -1 more available P and 17-25 kg ha -1 more available K content in the soil than wheat residue alone at the same rates of N application”

Claim · model-written summary

Sesbania with wheat residue gave 17 to 25 kg/ha more available K than wheat residue alone.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Sesbania + wheat residuee0

Outcome

available Ke0

Direction

moree0

Value

17-25 kg ha -1e0

Qualifier

at these levels of Ne0

Comparator

wheat residue alonee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“at these levels of N, Sesbania + wheat residue gave 0.8 to 1.2 t ha -1 more grain, 0.6-1.0 t ha -1 more straw and 8-15 kg ha -1 more N uptake of rice resulting in 0.04-0.17% more organic C, 3-8 kg ha -1 more available P and 17-25 kg ha -1 more available K content in the soil than wheat residue alone at the same rates of N application”

Claim · model-written summary

Sesbania with wheat residue gave 0.3 to 0.5 t/ha more grain and straw yield than Sesbania alone.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Sesbania green manure + wheat residuee0

Outcome

grain and straw yielde0

Direction

increaseinferrede0

Value

0.3-0.5 t ha -1e0

Comparator

Sesbania green manure alonee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“The respective increaseas caused by Sesbania green manure + wheat residue over Sesbania green manure alone were 0.3-0.5 t ha -1 in the grain and straw yield, 1-9 kg ha -1 in the N uptake of rice, 0.02-0.10% in organic C, 1-8 kg ha -1 in available P and 35- 70 kg ha -1 in available K content in the soil”

Claim · model-written summary

Sesbania with wheat residue gave 1 to 9 kg/ha more N uptake of rice than Sesbania alone.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Sesbania green manure + wheat residuee0

Outcome

N uptake of ricee0

Direction

increaseinferrede0

Value

1-9 kg ha -1e0

Comparator

Sesbania green manure alonee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“The respective increaseas caused by Sesbania green manure + wheat residue over Sesbania green manure alone were 0.3-0.5 t ha -1 in the grain and straw yield, 1-9 kg ha -1 in the N uptake of rice, 0.02-0.10% in organic C, 1-8 kg ha -1 in available P and 35- 70 kg ha -1 in available K content in the soil”

Claim · model-written summary

Sesbania with wheat residue gave 0.02 to 0.10% more organic C than Sesbania alone.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Sesbania green manure + wheat residuee0

Outcome

organic Ce0

Direction

increaseinferrede0

Value

0.02-0.10%e0

Comparator

Sesbania green manure alonee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“The respective increaseas caused by Sesbania green manure + wheat residue over Sesbania green manure alone were 0.3-0.5 t ha -1 in the grain and straw yield, 1-9 kg ha -1 in the N uptake of rice, 0.02-0.10% in organic C, 1-8 kg ha -1 in available P and 35- 70 kg ha -1 in available K content in the soil”

Claim · model-written summary

Sesbania with wheat residue gave 1 to 8 kg/ha more available P than Sesbania alone.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Sesbania green manure + wheat residuee0

Outcome

available Pe0

Direction

increaseinferrede0

Value

1-8 kg ha -1e0

Comparator

Sesbania green manure alonee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“The respective increaseas caused by Sesbania green manure + wheat residue over Sesbania green manure alone were 0.3-0.5 t ha -1 in the grain and straw yield, 1-9 kg ha -1 in the N uptake of rice, 0.02-0.10% in organic C, 1-8 kg ha -1 in available P and 35- 70 kg ha -1 in available K content in the soil”

Claim · model-written summary

Sesbania with wheat residue gave 35 to 70 kg/ha more available K than Sesbania alone.

Taxon

riceOryza sativae0

Treatment

Sesbania green manure + wheat residuee0

Outcome

available Ke0

Direction

increaseinferrede0

Value

35- 70 kg ha -1e0

Comparator

Sesbania green manure alonee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“The respective increaseas caused by Sesbania green manure + wheat residue over Sesbania green manure alone were 0.3-0.5 t ha -1 in the grain and straw yield, 1-9 kg ha -1 in the N uptake of rice, 0.02-0.10% in organic C, 1-8 kg ha -1 in available P and 35- 70 kg ha -1 in available K content in the soil”

Claim · model-written summary

Sesbania with wheat residue gave higher residual effects in succeeding wheat than wheat residue alone.

Taxon

wheatTriticum aestivume7

Treatment

Sesbania green manure + wheat residuee0

Outcome

residual effectse7

Direction

highere7

Comparator

wheat residue alonee7

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e7

“These treatments also gave higher residual effects in succeeding wheat than wheat residue alone”

e0

“The respective increaseas caused by Sesbania green manure + wheat residue over Sesbania green manure alone were 0.3-0.5 t ha -1 in the grain and straw yield, 1-9 kg ha -1 in the N uptake of rice, 0.02-0.10% in organic C, 1-8 kg ha -1 in available P and 35- 70 kg ha -1 in available K content in the soil”

Claim · model-written summary

Incorporating residues of both wheat and Sesbania is recommended to eliminate the adverse effect of wheat residue.

Taxon

wheatTriticum aestivume0

Outcome

incorporation of residues of both wheat and Sesbaniae0

Qualifier

to eliminate the adverse effect of wheat residuee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

e0

“The incorporation of residues of both wheat and Sesbania is thus recommended to eliminate the adverse effect of wheat residue and to increase the beneficial effects of Sesbania green manuring”