Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and silicon (Si) are two important nutritional elements required for plant growth, and both impact host plant resistance toward insect herbivores. The interaction between the two elements may therefore play a significant role in determining host plant resistance. We investigated this interaction in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and its effect on resistance to the herbivore brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (BPH). Our results indicate that high-level (5.76 mM) N fertilization reduced Si accumulation in rice leaves, and furthermore, this decrease was likely due to decreased expression of Si transporters OsLsi1 and OsLsi2. Conversely, reduced N accumulation was observed at high N fertilization levels when Si was exogenously provided, and this was associated with down-regulation of OsAMT1;1 and OsGS1;1, which are involved in ammonium uptake and assimilation, respectively. Under lower N fertilization levels (0.72 and/or 1.44 mM), Si amendment resulted in increased OsNRT1:1, OsGS2, OsFd-GOGAT, OsNADH-GOGAT2, and OsGDH2 expression. Additionally, bioassays revealed that high N fertilization level significantly decreased rice resistance to BPH, and the opposite effect was observed when Si was provided. These results provide additional insight into the antagonistic interaction between Si and N accumulation in rice, and the effects on plant growth and susceptibility to herbivores.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
High nitrogen fertilization reduced silicon accumulation in rice leaves.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Organ / stage
- rice leavese0
- Treatment
- high-level (5.76 mM) N fertilizatione0
- Outcome
- Si accumulatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high-level (5.76 mM) N fertilization reduced Si accumulation in rice leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced silicon accumulation was likely due to reduced OsLsi1 and OsLsi2 expression.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Gene
- OsLsi1 and OsLsi2e0
- Outcome
- decreased expressione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- likelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this decrease was likely due to decreased expression of Si transporters OsLsi1 and OsLsi2”
e1“rice leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon provision reduced nitrogen accumulation at high nitrogen fertilization.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- Si was exogenously providede0
- Outcome
- N accumulatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- high N fertilization levelse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced N accumulation was observed at high N fertilization levels when Si was exogenously provided”
e1“rice leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced nitrogen accumulation with silicon was associated with down-regulation of OsAMT1;1 and OsGS1;1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- Si was exogenously providede1
- Gene
- OsAMT1;1 and OsGS1;1e0
- Outcome
- N accumulatione1
- Direction
- reducede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this was associated with down-regulation of OsAMT1;1 and OsGS1;1”
e1“reduced N accumulation was observed at high N fertilization levels when Si was exogenously provided”
e2“rice leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon increased expression of OsNRT1:1, OsGS2 and OsFd-GOGAT at lower nitrogen levels.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- Si amendmente0
- Outcome
- OsNRT1:1, OsGS2, OsFd-GOGATe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- lower N fertilization levels (0.72 and/or 1.44 mM)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under lower N fertilization levels (0.72 and/or 1.44 mM), Si amendment resulted in increased OsNRT1:1, OsGS2, OsFd-GOGAT, OsNADH-GOGAT2, and OsGDH2 expression”
e1“rice leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon increased expression of OsNADH-GOGAT2 and OsGDH2 at lower nitrogen levels.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- Si amendmente0
- Outcome
- OsNADH-GOGAT2, and OsGDH2 expressione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under lower N fertilization levels (0.72 and/or 1.44 mM), Si amendment resulted in increased OsNRT1:1, OsGS2, OsFd-GOGAT, OsNADH-GOGAT2, and OsGDH2 expression”
e1“rice leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
High nitrogen significantly decreased rice resistance to BPH.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- high N fertilization levele0
- Interactor
- brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens
Nilaparvata lugense1pest - Outcome
- rice resistance to BPHe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high N fertilization level significantly decreased rice resistance to BPH”
e1“brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (BPH)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon provision had the opposite effect on rice resistance to BPH from high nitrogen.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- Si was providede0
- Interactor
- brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugensNilaparvata lugense2pest
- Outcome
- rice resistance to BPHe1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the opposite effect was observed when Si was provided”
e1“high N fertilization level significantly decreased rice resistance to BPH”
e2“brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (BPH)”
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