Abstract
Inhibition of mycelial growth of the low-temperature basidiomycete (LTB) strain LRS 233, which causes LTB rot of pome fruit, was evaluated on potato dextrose agar amended with 15 fungicides. Flusilazole and triadimefon were the most effective fungicides, reducing growth by 98.2 and 71.5%, respectively, when used at 1 μg mL 1 . Mancozeb was effective at a higher concentration, reducing growth 96.9% when used at 100 μg mL 1 . In orchard tests, dodine, metiram, sodium hypochlorite and ziram reduced LTB rot of Spartan apples in controlled-atmosphere (CA) storage in 1986–1987 and 1988–1989. Flusilazole and imazalil were also effective, but thiophanate-methyl was ineffective in controlling LTB rot. Flusilazole, propiconazole and myclobutanil effectively reduced the incidence of LTB rot of inoculated apples, while mancozeb and metiram were ineffective. The LTB fungus grows more slowly in CA storage than in air. After 28 d in CA storage, the average colony diameter and weight of three LTB strains were reduced 25.5 and 65.7%, respectively, compared with air storage. Key words: Coprinus rot, postharvest, storage, control
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Claims 18
Claim · model-written summary
Flusilazole reduced growth of the LTB fungus by 98.2% at 1 μg mL−1 on potato dextrose agar.
- Taxon
- apples
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- Flusilazolee1
- Interactor
- LTBe2pathogen
- Outcome
- growthe1
- Direction
- reducinge1
- Value
- 98.2e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e1“Flusilazole and triadimefon were the most effective fungicides, reducing growth by 98.2 and 71.5%, respectively, when used at 1 μg mL 1”
e2“the low-temperature basidiomycete (LTB) strain LRS 233, which causes LTB rot of pome fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Triadimefon reduced growth of the LTB fungus by 71.5% at 1 μg mL−1 on potato dextrose agar.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- triadimefone1
- Interactor
- LTBe2pathogen
- Outcome
- growthe1
- Direction
- reducinge1
- Value
- 71.5%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e1“Flusilazole and triadimefon were the most effective fungicides, reducing growth by 98.2 and 71.5%, respectively, when used at 1 μg mL 1”
e2“the low-temperature basidiomycete (LTB) strain LRS 233, which causes LTB rot of pome fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Mancozeb reduced growth of the LTB fungus by 96.9% at 100 μg mL−1 on potato dextrose agar.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Mancozebe7
- Interactor
- LTBe2pathogen
- Outcome
- growthe7
- Direction
- reducinge7
- Value
- 96.9%e7
- Qualifier
- at a higher concentratione7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e7“Mancozeb was effective at a higher concentration, reducing growth 96.9% when used at 100 μg mL 1”
e2“the low-temperature basidiomycete (LTB) strain LRS 233, which causes LTB rot of pome fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Dodine reduced LTB rot of Spartan apples in controlled-atmosphere storage in orchard tests.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Spartane1
- Treatment
- dodinee1
- Interactor
- LTBe1pathogen
- Outcome
- LTB rote1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Setting
- controlled-atmosphere (CA) storagee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e1“In orchard tests, dodine, metiram, sodium hypochlorite and ziram reduced LTB rot of Spartan apples in controlled-atmosphere (CA) storage in 1986–1987 and 1988–1989”
Claim · model-written summary
Metiram reduced LTB rot of Spartan apples in controlled-atmosphere storage in orchard tests.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Spartane1
- Treatment
- metirame1
- Interactor
- LTBe1pathogen
- Outcome
- LTB rote1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Setting
- controlled-atmosphere (CA) storagee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e1“In orchard tests, dodine, metiram, sodium hypochlorite and ziram reduced LTB rot of Spartan apples in controlled-atmosphere (CA) storage in 1986–1987 and 1988–1989”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium hypochlorite reduced LTB rot of Spartan apples in controlled-atmosphere storage in orchard tests.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Spartane1
- Treatment
- sodium hypochloritee1
- Interactor
- LTBe1pathogen
- Outcome
- LTB rote1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Setting
- controlled-atmosphere (CA) storagee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e1“In orchard tests, dodine, metiram, sodium hypochlorite and ziram reduced LTB rot of Spartan apples in controlled-atmosphere (CA) storage in 1986–1987 and 1988–1989”
Claim · model-written summary
Ziram reduced LTB rot of Spartan apples in controlled-atmosphere storage in orchard tests.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Material
- Spartane1
- Treatment
- zirame1
- Interactor
- LTBe1pathogen
- Outcome
- LTB rote1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Setting
- controlled-atmosphere (CA) storagee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e1“In orchard tests, dodine, metiram, sodium hypochlorite and ziram reduced LTB rot of Spartan apples in controlled-atmosphere (CA) storage in 1986–1987 and 1988–1989”
Claim · model-written summary
Flusilazole was effective against LTB rot in orchard tests.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Flusilazolee1
- Interactor
- LTBe2pathogen
- Outcome
- LTB rote1
- Direction
- effectivee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e1“Flusilazole and imazalil were also effective, but thiophanate-methyl was ineffective in controlling LTB rot”
e2“the low-temperature basidiomycete (LTB) strain LRS 233, which causes LTB rot of pome fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazalil was effective against LTB rot in orchard tests.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- imazalile1
- Interactor
- LTBe2pathogen
- Outcome
- LTB rote1
- Direction
- effectivee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e1“Flusilazole and imazalil were also effective, but thiophanate-methyl was ineffective in controlling LTB rot”
e2“the low-temperature basidiomycete (LTB) strain LRS 233, which causes LTB rot of pome fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiophanate-methyl was ineffective in controlling LTB rot.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- thiophanate-methyle1
- Interactor
- LTBe2pathogen
- Outcome
- controlling LTB rote1
- Direction
- ineffectivee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e1“Flusilazole and imazalil were also effective, but thiophanate-methyl was ineffective in controlling LTB rot”
e2“the low-temperature basidiomycete (LTB) strain LRS 233, which causes LTB rot of pome fruit”
Claim · model-written summary
Flusilazole effectively reduced the incidence of LTB rot of inoculated apples.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Material
- inoculated applese1
- Treatment
- Flusilazolee1
- Interactor
- LTBe1pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of LTB rote1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e1“Flusilazole, propiconazole and myclobutanil effectively reduced the incidence of LTB rot of inoculated apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Propiconazole effectively reduced the incidence of LTB rot of inoculated apples.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Material
- inoculated applese1
- Treatment
- propiconazolee1
- Interactor
- LTBe1pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of LTB rote1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e1“Flusilazole, propiconazole and myclobutanil effectively reduced the incidence of LTB rot of inoculated apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Myclobutanil effectively reduced the incidence of LTB rot of inoculated apples.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Material
- inoculated applese1
- Treatment
- myclobutanile1
- Interactor
- LTBe1pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of LTB rote1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e1“Flusilazole, propiconazole and myclobutanil effectively reduced the incidence of LTB rot of inoculated apples”
Claim · model-written summary
Mancozeb was ineffective at reducing the incidence of LTB rot of inoculated apples.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Material
- inoculated applese1
- Treatment
- mancozebe2
- Interactor
- LTBe1pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of LTB rote1
- Direction
- ineffectivee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e1“Flusilazole, propiconazole and myclobutanil effectively reduced the incidence of LTB rot of inoculated apples”
e2“while mancozeb and metiram were ineffective”
Claim · model-written summary
Metiram was ineffective at reducing the incidence of LTB rot of inoculated apples.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Material
- inoculated applese1
- Treatment
- metirame2
- Interactor
- LTBe1pathogen
- Outcome
- incidence of LTB rote1
- Direction
- ineffectivee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e1“Flusilazole, propiconazole and myclobutanil effectively reduced the incidence of LTB rot of inoculated apples”
e2“while mancozeb and metiram were ineffective”
Claim · model-written summary
The LTB fungus grows more slowly in controlled-atmosphere storage than in air.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- CA storagee1
- Interactor
- LTBe1pathogen
- Outcome
- growse1
- Direction
- more slowlye1
- Comparator
- aire1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e1“The LTB fungus grows more slowly in CA storage than in air”
Claim · model-written summary
After 28 d in CA storage, the average colony diameter of three LTB strains was reduced by 25.5% compared with air storage.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- CA storagee1
- Interactor
- LTBe1pathogen
- Outcome
- average colony diametere1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 25.5e1
- Qualifier
- After 28 de1
- Comparator
- air storagee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e1“After 28 d in CA storage, the average colony diameter and weight of three LTB strains were reduced 25.5 and 65.7%, respectively, compared with air storage”
Claim · model-written summary
After 28 d in CA storage, the weight of three LTB strains was reduced by 65.7% compared with air storage.
- Taxon
- applesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- CA storagee1
- Interactor
- LTBe1pathogen
- Outcome
- weighte1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 65.7%e1
- Qualifier
- After 28 de1
- Comparator
- air storagee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LTB rot of apples”
e1“After 28 d in CA storage, the average colony diameter and weight of three LTB strains were reduced 25.5 and 65.7%, respectively, compared with air storage”
The same questions in other papers
myclobutanil · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →1-dodecylguanidine acetate · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →thiophanate-methyl · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →mancozeb · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results
6 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →metiram · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
ziram · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
flusilazole · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
enilconazole · disease · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.