Paper · 2009 · Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry

Exogenous Proline and Glycinebetaine Suppress Apoplastic Flow to Reduce Na+Uptake in Rice Seedlings

Muhammad Abdus SOBAHAN; Carlos Raul ARIAS; Eiji OKUMA; et al.

8
claims
16
verbatim quotes
50
citations
1
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

The application of exogenous proline and glycinebetaine (betaine) confers salt tolerance on plants under salt stress. The effects of exogenous proline and betaine on apoplastic flow in rice plants under saline conditions were investigated using trisodium-8-hydroxy-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulphonic acid (PTS), an apoplastic tracer. Rice plants took up more PTS under light conditions than under dark conditions. Salt stress increased PTS uptake and Na(+) content of rice leaves, but did not affect K(+) content, resulting in a lower K(+)/Na(+) ratio. Addition of proline or betaine to the saline medium suppressed Na(+)-induced PTS uptake and Na(+) accumulation, while the K(+) content was slightly increased, which led to a high K(+)/Na(+) ratio under saline conditions. These results suggest that exogenous proline and betaine suppressed Na(+)-enhanced apoplastic flow to reduce Na(+) uptake in rice plants.

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Claims 8

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rice plants took up more PTS under light than under dark conditions.

Treatment
light conditionse2
Outcome
took up more PTSe2
Direction
moree2
Comparator
dark conditionse2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Exogenous Proline and Glycinebetaine Suppress Apoplastic Flow to Reduce Na+Uptake in Rice Seedlings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–99 · show in text ↑
e2

“Rice plants took up more PTS under light conditions than under dark conditions”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 324–402 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Salt stress increased PTS uptake and Na content in rice leaves.

Organ / stage
leavese3
Treatment
Salt stresse3
Outcome
PTS uptake and Na(+) contente3
Direction
increasede3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Exogenous Proline and Glycinebetaine Suppress Apoplastic Flow to Reduce Na+Uptake in Rice Seedlings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–99 · show in text ↑
e3

“Salt stress increased PTS uptake and Na(+) content of rice leaves, but did not affect K(+) content, resulting in a lower K(+)/Na(+) ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 404–541 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Salt stress did not affect rice leaf K content.

Treatment
Salt stresse3
Outcome
K(+) contente3
Direction
did not affecte3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Exogenous Proline and Glycinebetaine Suppress Apoplastic Flow to Reduce Na+Uptake in Rice Seedlings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–99 · show in text ↑
e3

“Salt stress increased PTS uptake and Na(+) content of rice leaves, but did not affect K(+) content, resulting in a lower K(+)/Na(+) ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 404–541 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Salt stress resulted in a lower K(+)/Na(+) ratio in rice.

Treatment
Salt stresse3
Outcome
K(+)/Na(+) ratioe3
Direction
lowere3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Exogenous Proline and Glycinebetaine Suppress Apoplastic Flow to Reduce Na+Uptake in Rice Seedlings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–99 · show in text ↑
e3

“Salt stress increased PTS uptake and Na(+) content of rice leaves, but did not affect K(+) content, resulting in a lower K(+)/Na(+) ratio”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 404–541 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding proline or betaine to the saline medium suppressed Na-induced PTS uptake and Na accumulation in rice.

Treatment
Addition of proline or betaine to the saline mediume4
Outcome
PTS uptake and Na(+) accumulatione4
Direction
suppressede4
Comparator
saline mediume4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Exogenous Proline and Glycinebetaine Suppress Apoplastic Flow to Reduce Na+Uptake in Rice Seedlings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–99 · show in text ↑
e4

“Addition of proline or betaine to the saline medium suppressed Na(+)-induced PTS uptake and Na(+) accumulation, while the K(+) content was slightly increased, which led to a high K(+)/Na(+) ratio under saline conditions”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 543–762 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding proline or betaine to the saline medium slightly increased rice K content.

Treatment
Addition of proline or betaine to the saline mediume4
Outcome
K(+) contente4
Direction
increasede4
Qualifier
slightlye4
Comparator
saline mediume4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Exogenous Proline and Glycinebetaine Suppress Apoplastic Flow to Reduce Na+Uptake in Rice Seedlings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–99 · show in text ↑
e4

“Addition of proline or betaine to the saline medium suppressed Na(+)-induced PTS uptake and Na(+) accumulation, while the K(+) content was slightly increased, which led to a high K(+)/Na(+) ratio under saline conditions”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 543–762 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding proline or betaine to the saline medium led to a high K/Na ratio in rice under saline conditions.

Treatment
Addition of proline or betaine to the saline mediume4
Outcome
K(+)/Na(+) ratioe4
Direction
highe4
Comparator
saline mediume4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Exogenous Proline and Glycinebetaine Suppress Apoplastic Flow to Reduce Na+Uptake in Rice Seedlings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–99 · show in text ↑
e4

“Addition of proline or betaine to the saline medium suppressed Na(+)-induced PTS uptake and Na(+) accumulation, while the K(+) content was slightly increased, which led to a high K(+)/Na(+) ratio under saline conditions”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 543–762 · show in text ↑
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors suggest that exogenous proline and betaine reduce rice Na uptake by suppressing Na-enhanced apoplastic flow.

Treatment
exogenous proline and betainee5
Outcome
Na(+) uptakee5
Qualifier
suppressed Na(+)-enhanced apoplastic flowe5

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Exogenous Proline and Glycinebetaine Suppress Apoplastic Flow to Reduce Na+Uptake in Rice Seedlings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–99 · show in text ↑
e5

“exogenous proline and betaine suppressed Na(+)-enhanced apoplastic flow to reduce Na(+) uptake in rice plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 791–900 · show in text ↑

glycine betaine · molecular: metabolites · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

3 papers: 1 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
See all 3 papers →

proline · molecular: metabolites · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree

4 papers: 4 positive, 0 negative or no effect

3 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive
See all 4 papers →

glycine betaine · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree

5 papers: 5 positive, 0 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

proline · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree

5 papers: 5 positive, 0 negative or no effect

4 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

in vitro · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

11 papers: 9 positive, 2 negative or no effect

8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. positive

7 papers more in this group

See all 11 papers →

in vitro · molecular: metabolites · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

13 papers: 6 positive, 7 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

9 papers more in this group

See all 13 papers →

salinity · nutrient: content · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

40 papers: 8 positive, 32 negative or no effect

31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

36 papers more in this group

See all 40 papers →

salinity · molecular: metabolites · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

64 papers: 24 positive, 40 negative or no effect

39 papers in the same direction as this paper · 24 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

60 papers more in this group

See all 64 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.