Abstract
Abstract Effect of the difference in nitrogen media on the salt stress response and contents of nitrogen compounds (amino acids, polyamines, and protein) was investigated in rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare) at the 2nd leaf stage. Plant growth and chlorophyll fluorescence (ΦII), reflecting the efficiency of photosynthetic energy conversion, markedly decreased during the 3-d period of the 100 mM NaCl treatment. Response to salt stress, however, varied with the difference in the nitrogen media. Rice seedlings grown in a low ammonium medium, containing a sub-optimal concentration of ammonium for seedling growth, showed the lowest sensitivity to the salt stress treatment. In these seedlings, free amino acids, especially amide glutamine and arginine, strikingly accumulated in the 2nd leaf blades with the NaCl treatment. Additionally, the leaf polyamine contents in the seedlings grown in a low ammonium medium increased under salt stress, while the leaf polyamine contents in the seedlings grown in high ammonium and nitrate media considerably decreased. Under salt stress conditions, a positive correlation was observed between the total polyamine content and ΦII in the 2nd leaf blades. These results suggest that the salt stress tolerance of rice seedlings is associated with effective assimilation of excess ammonia, induced by salt stress, by nitrogen compounds such as arginine, glutamine, and polyamines.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
100 mM NaCl markedly decreased rice seedling growth over three days.
- Taxon
- rice seedlings
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- 100 mM NaCl treatmente0
- Outcome
- Plant growthe0
- Direction
- markedly decreasede0
- Qualifier
- 3-d periode0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant growth and chlorophyll fluorescence (ΦII), reflecting the efficiency of photosynthetic energy conversion, markedly decreased during the 3-d period of the 100 mM NaCl treatment”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
100 mM NaCl markedly decreased rice seedling chlorophyll fluorescence over three days.
- Taxon
- rice seedlingsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 100 mM NaCl treatmente0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll fluorescence (ΦII)e0
- Direction
- markedly decreasede0
- Qualifier
- 3-d periode0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant growth and chlorophyll fluorescence (ΦII), reflecting the efficiency of photosynthetic energy conversion, markedly decreased during the 3-d period of the 100 mM NaCl treatment”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedlings in low ammonium medium showed the lowest salt sensitivity.
- Taxon
- Rice seedlingsOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- low ammonium mediume0
- Outcome
- sensitivity to the salt stress treatmente0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rice seedlings grown in a low ammonium medium, containing a sub-optimal concentration of ammonium for seedling growth, showed the lowest sensitivity to the salt stress treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl caused free amino acids, especially glutamine and arginine, to accumulate in second leaf blades of low-ammonium seedlings.
- Taxon
- rice seedlingsOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- 2nd leaf bladese0
- Treatment
- NaCl treatmente0
- Outcome
- free amino acids, especially amide glutamine and argininee0
- Direction
- strikingly accumulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In these seedlings, free amino acids, especially amide glutamine and arginine, strikingly accumulated in the 2nd leaf blades with the NaCl treatment”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf polyamine content increased under salt stress in low-ammonium seedlings.
- Taxon
- rice seedlingsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf polyamine contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- low ammonium mediume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the leaf polyamine contents in the seedlings grown in a low ammonium medium increased under salt stress”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf polyamine content decreased under salt stress in high-ammonium seedlings.
- Taxon
- rice seedlingsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- high ammoniume0
- Outcome
- leaf polyamine contentse0
- Direction
- considerably decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the leaf polyamine contents in the seedlings grown in high ammonium and nitrate media considerably decreased”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf polyamine content decreased under salt stress in nitrate-medium seedlings.
- Taxon
- rice seedlingsOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- nitrate mediae0
- Outcome
- leaf polyamine contentse0
- Direction
- considerably decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the leaf polyamine contents in the seedlings grown in high ammonium and nitrate media considerably decreased”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Total polyamine content correlated positively with ΦII in second leaf blades under salt stress.
- Taxon
- rice seedlingsOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- 2nd leaf bladese0
- Compound
- total polyamine contente0
- Outcome
- ΦIIe0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Qualifier
- salt stress conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under salt stress conditions, a positive correlation was observed between the total polyamine content and ΦII in the 2nd leaf blades”
t0“rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpret rice salt tolerance as associated with assimilation of excess ammonia by arginine, glutamine and polyamines.
- Taxon
- rice seedlingsOryza sativae0
- Compound
- arginine, glutamine, and polyaminese0
- Outcome
- salt stress tolerancee0
- Qualifier
- effective assimilation of excess ammoniae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt stress tolerance of rice seedlings is associated with effective assimilation of excess ammonia, induced by salt stress, by nitrogen compounds such as arginine, glutamine, and polyamines”
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