Abstract
The biological formation of a potent flavor compound, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, in the aromatic rice variety (Khao Dawk Mali 105) was studied in seedlings and callus of the rice. Concentrations of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline were determined by GC-MS-SIM using an isotope dilution method. Increases in concentration occurred when proline, ornithine, and glutamate were present in solution, with proline increasing the concentration by more than 3-fold compared to that of the control. Results of tracer experiments using (15)N-proline, (15)N-glycine, and proline-1-(13)C indicated that the nitrogen source of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline was proline, whereas the carbon source of the acetyl group was not the carboxyl group of proline. 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline was formed in the aromatic rice at temperatures below that of thermal generation in bread baking, and formed in the aerial part of aromatic rice from proline as the nitrogen precursor.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Adding proline, ornithine or glutamate increased the concentration of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in aromatic rice seedlings and callus relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- proline, ornithine, and glutamatee1
- Outcome
- Concentrations of 2-acetyl-1-pyrrolinee0
- Direction
- Increasese1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“an Aromatic Rice Variety”
e0“Concentrations of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline”
e1“Increases in concentration occurred when proline, ornithine, and glutamate were present in solution, with proline increasing the concentration by more than 3-fold compared to that of the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Proline increased the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline concentration by more than 3-fold compared with the control.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- prolinee1
- Outcome
- Concentrations of 2-acetyl-1-pyrrolinee0
- Direction
- increasinge1
- Value
- more than 3-folde1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“an Aromatic Rice Variety”
e0“Concentrations of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline”
e1“with proline increasing the concentration by more than 3-fold compared to that of the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Tracer experiments indicated that proline was the nitrogen source of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline in aromatic rice.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- prolinee0
- Outcome
- nitrogen source of 2-acetyl-1-pyrrolinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“an Aromatic Rice Variety”
e0“indicated that the nitrogen source of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline was proline”
Claim · model-written summary
Tracer experiments indicated that the carbon source of the acetyl group of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline was not the carboxyl group of proline.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Compound
- carboxyl group of prolinee0
- Outcome
- carbon source of the acetyl groupe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“an Aromatic Rice Variety”
e0“the carbon source of the acetyl group was not the carboxyl group of proline”
Claim · model-written summary
2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline was formed in aromatic rice at temperatures below that of thermal generation in bread baking, and in the aerial part from proline as the nitrogen precursor.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Organ / stage
- aerial parte0
- Outcome
- 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline was formede0
- Qualifier
- at temperatures below that of thermal generation in bread bakinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“2-acetyl-1-pyrroline was formed in the aromatic rice at temperatures below that of thermal generation in bread baking, and formed in the aerial part of aromatic rice from proline as the nitrogen precursor”
The same questions in other papers
proline · molecular: metabolites · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.