Abstract
ABSTRACT This study investigates the roles of strigolactones (SL) and endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) in regulating physiological processes in tomato seedlings under NaCl‐induced stress. Exposure of the seedlings to 100 mM NaCl stress reduced K + content by 21% while increasing Na + accumulation by 69%, disrupting the K + /Na + ratio and impairing H + ‐ATPase activity. However, the application of SL improved H + ‐ATPase activity and K + uptake and reduced Na + accumulation. However, the application of 1 μM dl ‐propargylglycine (PAG; an H 2 S biosynthesis inhibitor) negated these positive effects of SL, suggesting that H 2 S plays a crucial role in SL‐mediated ion homeostasis. NaCl stress also elevated the levels of reactive oxygen species, which were significantly reduced upon SL treatment. On the other hand, the application of PAG reversed these effects, confirming the involvement of H 2 S in mitigating oxidative stress. Moreover, SL modulated carbohydrate metabolism by promoting starch accumulation and enhancing the activity of key enzymes such as sucrose synthase and soluble acid invertase. This process helps maintain osmoprotection and energy balance under stress conditions. However, these effects were abolished by H 2 S biosynthesis inhibitor PAG, indicating its critical role in SL‐mediated sugar metabolism. Overall, the results indicate that SL mitigates NaCl‐induced stress by regulating H + ‐ATPase activity, maintaining ion homeostasis, reducing oxidative damage, and regulating carbohydrate metabolism via H 2 S‐dependent mechanisms. These findings highlight the potential of SL and H 2 S to improve plant tolerance to NaCl stress.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress lowered seedling potassium by 21%.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlings
Solanum lycopersicume7 - Treatment
- 100 mM NaCl stresse0
- Outcome
- K + contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 21%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exposure of the seedlings to 100 mM NaCl stress reduced K + content by 21%”
e7“in tomato seedlings under NaCl‐induced stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress raised seedling sodium accumulation by 69%.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- 100 mM NaCl stresst1
- Outcome
- Na + accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Value
- 69%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while increasing Na + accumulation by 69%”
e7“in tomato seedlings under NaCl‐induced stress”
t1“100 mM NaCl stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress impaired H+-ATPase activity.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- 100 mM NaCl stresst1
- Gene
- H + ‐ATPasee0
- Outcome
- H + ‐ATPase activitye0
- Direction
- impairinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“impairing H + ‐ATPase activity”
e7“in tomato seedlings under NaCl‐induced stress”
t1“100 mM NaCl stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Strigolactone improved H+-ATPase activity and potassium uptake.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- SLe0
- Gene
- H + ‐ATPasee0
- Outcome
- H + ‐ATPase activity and K + uptakee0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of SL improved H + ‐ATPase activity and K + uptake”
e7“in tomato seedlings under NaCl‐induced stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Strigolactone reduced sodium accumulation.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- SLt1
- Outcome
- Na + accumulatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced Na + accumulation”
e7“in tomato seedlings under NaCl‐induced stress”
t1“application of SL”
Claim · model-written summary
PAG negated the beneficial ion responses to strigolactone.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- 1 μM dl ‐propargylglycinee0
- Outcome
- positive effects of SLe0
- Direction
- negatede0
- Comparator
- SLe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of 1 μM dl ‐propargylglycine (PAG; an H 2 S biosynthesis inhibitor) negated these positive effects of SL”
e7“in tomato seedlings under NaCl‐induced stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress elevated reactive oxygen species.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- NaCl stresse0
- Outcome
- levels of reactive oxygen speciese0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NaCl stress also elevated the levels of reactive oxygen species”
e7“in tomato seedlings under NaCl‐induced stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Strigolactone significantly reduced reactive oxygen species.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- SL treatmente0
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen speciest1
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which were significantly reduced upon SL treatment”
e7“in tomato seedlings under NaCl‐induced stress”
t1“reactive oxygen species”
Claim · model-written summary
PAG reversed the strigolactone effect on oxidative stress.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- PAGe0
- Outcome
- levels of reactive oxygen speciest1
- Direction
- reversede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of PAG reversed these effects”
e7“in tomato seedlings under NaCl‐induced stress”
t1“levels of reactive oxygen species”
Claim · model-written summary
Strigolactone promoted starch accumulation.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- SLe0
- Outcome
- starch accumulatione0
- Direction
- promotinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SL modulated carbohydrate metabolism by promoting starch accumulation”
e7“in tomato seedlings under NaCl‐induced stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Strigolactone enhanced sucrose synthase and soluble acid invertase activity.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- SLt1
- Gene
- sucrose synthase and soluble acid invertasee0
- Outcome
- activity of key enzymese0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhancing the activity of key enzymes such as sucrose synthase and soluble acid invertase”
e7“in tomato seedlings under NaCl‐induced stress”
t1“SL modulated carbohydrate metabolism”
Claim · model-written summary
PAG abolished strigolactone effects on carbohydrate metabolism.
- Taxon
- tomato seedlingsSolanum lycopersicume7
- Treatment
- H 2 S biosynthesis inhibitor PAGe0
- Outcome
- carbohydrate metabolismt1
- Direction
- abolishede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these effects were abolished by H 2 S biosynthesis inhibitor PAG”
e7“in tomato seedlings under NaCl‐induced stress”
t1“SL modulated carbohydrate metabolism”
The same questions in other papers
sodium chloride · molecular: metabolites · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
20 papers more in this group
See all 24 papers →sodium chloride · physiology: oxidative · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
23 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
25 papers more in this group
See all 29 papers →class · physiology: enzyme activity · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →class · physiology: oxidative · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →class · nutrient: content · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →class · quality: sugar starch · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →class · molecular: metabolites · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →salinity · physiology: oxidative · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
57 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
59 papers more in this group
See all 63 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.