Abstract
Abstract A field study was conducted from 2020 to 2023 at Kansas State University Agricultural Research Center near Hays, KS, to understand the emergence dynamics and periodicity of glyphosate-resistant (GR) Palmer amaranth ( Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) as influenced by cover crop (CC) residue and residual herbicide in grain sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. The study site was under a wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)–sorghum–fallow rotation with a natural seedbank of GR A. palmeri . Treatments included (1) fall-planted CC mixture [winter triticale (× Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus [ Secale × Triticum ])/winter peas ( Pisum sativum L.)/rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.)/radish ( Raphanus sativus L.)] after wheat harvest and terminated at triticale heading stage (next spring before sorghum planting) with glyphosate alone or (2) glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazine, (3) chemical fallow (no CC but treated with acetochlor/atrazine and dicamba before sorghum planting), and (4) nontreated control (no CC and no herbicide). Results indicated that CC terminated with glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazine had a delayed and reduced cumulative emergence of GR A. palmeri as compared with chemical fallow and CC terminated with glyphosate alone across all 3 yr. Compared with chemical fallow, the CC terminated with glyphosate alone and glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazine required 66 to 643 and 105 to 1,257 more cumulative growing degree days, respectively, to achieve 90% cumulative emergence of GR A. palmeri across all 3 yr. The combined effect of CC residue with glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazine reduced the total emergence counts of GR A. palmeri by 42% to 56% and 82% to 94% as compared with chemical fallow and nontreated control, respectively. These results suggest that fall-planted CC combined with a residual herbicide at termination can be utilized for GR A. palmeri suppression in grain sorghum.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crop terminated with glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazine delayed cumulative Palmer amaranth emergence compared with chemical fallow and glyphosate-only termination.
- Taxon
- grain sorghum
Sorghum bicolort0 - Treatment
- CC terminated with glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazinee0
- Interactor
- GR A. palmerie0weed
- Outcome
- cumulative emergence of GR A. palmerie0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Comparator
- chemical fallow and CC terminated with glyphosate alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CC terminated with glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazine had a delayed and reduced cumulative emergence of GR A. palmeri as compared with chemical fallow and CC terminated with glyphosate alone across all 3 yr”
t0“grain sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crop terminated with glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazine reduced cumulative Palmer amaranth emergence compared with chemical fallow and glyphosate-only termination.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- CC terminated with glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazinee0
- Interactor
- GR A. palmerie0weed
- Outcome
- cumulative emergence of GR A. palmerie0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- chemical fallow and CC terminated with glyphosate alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CC terminated with glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazine had a delayed and reduced cumulative emergence of GR A. palmeri as compared with chemical fallow and CC terminated with glyphosate alone across all 3 yr”
t0“grain sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate-only cover crop termination required 66 to 643 more growing degree days to reach 90% Palmer amaranth emergence than chemical fallow.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- CC terminated with glyphosate alonee0
- Interactor
- GR A. palmerie0weed
- Outcome
- cumulative growing degree dayse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 66 to 643e0
- Comparator
- chemical fallowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with chemical fallow, the CC terminated with glyphosate alone and glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazine required 66 to 643 and 105 to 1,257 more cumulative growing degree days, respectively, to achieve 90% cumulative emergence of GR A. palmeri across all 3 yr”
t0“grain sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazine cover crop termination required 105 to 1,257 more growing degree days to reach 90% Palmer amaranth emergence than chemical fallow.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazinee0
- Interactor
- GR A. palmerie0weed
- Outcome
- cumulative growing degree dayse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 105 to 1,257e0
- Comparator
- chemical fallowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with chemical fallow, the CC terminated with glyphosate alone and glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazine required 66 to 643 and 105 to 1,257 more cumulative growing degree days, respectively, to achieve 90% cumulative emergence of GR A. palmeri across all 3 yr”
t0“grain sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crop residue with glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazine reduced Palmer amaranth emergence counts by 42% to 56% relative to chemical fallow.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- CC residue with glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazinee0
- Interactor
- GR A. palmerie0weed
- Outcome
- total emergence counts of GR A. palmerie0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 42% to 56%e0
- Comparator
- chemical fallowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined effect of CC residue with glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazine reduced the total emergence counts of GR A. palmeri by 42% to 56% and 82% to 94% as compared with chemical fallow and nontreated control, respectively”
t0“grain sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Cover crop residue with glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazine reduced Palmer amaranth emergence counts by 82% to 94% relative to untreated control.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolort0
- Treatment
- CC residue with glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazinee0
- Interactor
- GR A. palmerie0weed
- Outcome
- total emergence counts of GR A. palmerie0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 82% to 94%e0
- Comparator
- nontreated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combined effect of CC residue with glyphosate plus acetochlor/atrazine reduced the total emergence counts of GR A. palmeri by 42% to 56% and 82% to 94% as compared with chemical fallow and nontreated control, respectively”
t0“grain sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest fall-planted cover crops combined with residual herbicide at termination for Palmer amaranth suppression in sorghum.
- Taxon
- grain sorghumSorghum bicolore0
- Treatment
- fall-planted CC combined with a residual herbicide at terminatione0
- Interactor
- GR A. palmerie0weed
- Outcome
- GR A. palmeri suppressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fall-planted CC combined with a residual herbicide at termination can be utilized for GR A. palmeri suppression in grain sorghum”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · growth · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Positive and negative results
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- negative
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atrazine · growth · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →cover crop · growth · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.