Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the physiological responses of six plant species (popular crops or plants recommended as indicators of soil pollution) to a wide range of glyphosate concentrations (0, 1, 3, 7, 10, 40, 80, 120, 180, 240, 400, 750, 1,000, 1,500, 1,700 and 2,000 µM). Percent germination, root length, seedling dry mass and myo-inositol content, as well as seedling leachate electroconductivity were determined in Lepidium sativum, Sinapis alba, Sorghum saccharatum, Brassica napus, Lupinus luteus and Avena sativa. Percent seed germination, seedling dry mass and electroconductivity of seedling leachates were not clearly affected by the herbicide and could not be used as indicators of its phytotoxicity. An metabolite induced by abiotic stresses in many plants, myo-Inositol, was very strongly stimulated by glyphosate at doses above 10 or 40 μM, depending on plant species. The sensitivity of analyzed plants to glyphosate, as manifested by root length, differed clearly. In Avena sativa the relationship between root length and glyphosate concentration was fairly linear over a wide range of herbicide doses (up to 240-400 μM). The most distinct drop in root growth at low herbicide doses was visible in Sorghum saccharatum. The results show that a mild stress affecting root length may not clearly modify seedling myo-inositol levels, that respond distinctly to stronger stresses. Not all indicator plants are equally suitable for analysis of biological activity of glyphosate residues. Sorghum saccharatum seems particularly sensitive.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate did not clearly affect germination, seedling dry mass or leachate electroconductivity.
- Taxon
- six plant speciese1
- Treatment
- glyphosate concentrationse2
- Outcome
- Percent seed germination, seedling dry mass and electroconductivity of seedling leachatese0
- Direction
- not clearly affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Percent seed germination, seedling dry mass and electroconductivity of seedling leachates were not clearly affected by the herbicide”
e1“six plant species”
e2“glyphosate concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate strongly stimulated seedling myo-inositol above species-dependent doses of 10 or 40 μM.
- Taxon
- six plant speciese1
- Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- myo-Inositole0
- Direction
- strongly stimulatede0
- Qualifier
- above 10 or 40 μMe0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“myo-Inositol, was very strongly stimulated by glyphosate at doses above 10 or 40 μM, depending on plant species”
e1“six plant species”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant species differed clearly in root-length sensitivity to glyphosate.
Verbatim
e0“The sensitivity of analyzed plants to glyphosate, as manifested by root length, differed clearly.”
e1“six plant species”
Claim · model-written summary
Avena sativa root length had a fairly linear relationship with glyphosate concentration up to 240-400 μM.
- Taxon
- Avena sativa
Avena sativae0 - Treatment
- glyphosatee0
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Qualifier
- up to 240-400 μMe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Avena sativa the relationship between root length and glyphosate concentration was fairly linear over a wide range of herbicide doses (up to 240-400 μM).”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum saccharatum showed the most distinct root-growth drop at low glyphosate doses.
- Taxon
- Sorghum saccharatum
Sorghum bicolore0 - Treatment
- glyphosatee1
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- drope0
- Qualifier
- low herbicide dosese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The most distinct drop in root growth at low herbicide doses was visible in Sorghum saccharatum.”
e1“a wide range of glyphosate concentrations”
Claim · model-written summary
Mild stress that affects root length may leave seedling myo-inositol levels without clear change.
Verbatim
e0“a mild stress affecting root length may not clearly modify seedling myo-inositol levels”
e1“six plant species”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum saccharatum was considered particularly sensitive as a glyphosate residue indicator.
- Taxon
- Sorghum saccharatumSorghum bicolore0
- Outcome
- particularly sensitivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Not all indicator plants are equally suitable for analysis of biological activity of glyphosate residues. Sorghum saccharatum seems particularly sensitive.”
The same questions in other papers
glyphosate · growth · Sorghum bicolor (sorghum)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.