Abstract
An experiment was conducted during the rainy (kharif) season of 2019 at Students’ Research Farm, Khalsa College, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab. First irrigation timings, viz. I1 , 7 days after sowing (DAS); I2 , 14 DAS and I3 , 21 DAS, as main plot and herbicidal combinations, viz. W1 , pendimethalin 750 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha at 25 DAS; W2 , pendimethalin 750 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron 20 g/ha; W3, pendimethalin 750 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron 20 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha at 25 DAS; W4 , weedy check and W5 , weed-free as subplot treatments were conducted in a split-plot design with 3 replications. The results showed that, among the first irrigation scheduling, crop-growth parameters (plant height, dry-matter accumulation, leaf-area index); yield attributes (effective tillers, grains/panicle, 1,000-grain weight); grain yield (53.9 q/ha); net returns (`71,326/ha) and benefit : cost (B : C) ratio (2.69) were maximum in I1 treatment. Among the herbicidal combinations, crop-growth parameters, yield-attributing characters, grain yield (57.2 q/ha), net returns (` 79,800/ha), B : C ratio (3.18) and weed-control efficiency were recorded highest in pendimethalin 750 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron 20 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha at 25 DAS. Inclusion of bispyribac with other herbicides performed better in direct-seeded rice.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation 7 days after sowing gives maximum crop-growth parameters compared with 14 and 21 days after sowing.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- 7 days after sowinge1
- Outcome
- crop-growth parameterse0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- 14 DAS and I3 , 21 DASe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa)”
e0“crop-growth parameters (plant height, dry-matter accumulation, leaf-area index); yield attributes (effective tillers, grains/panicle, 1,000-grain weight); grain yield (53.9 q/ha); net returns (`71,326/ha) and benefit : cost (B : C) ratio (2.69) were maximum in I1 treatment”
e1“First irrigation timings, viz. I1 , 7 days after sowing (DAS); I2 , 14 DAS and I3 , 21 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation 7 days after sowing gives maximum yield attributes compared with 14 and 21 days after sowing.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 7 days after sowinge1
- Outcome
- yield attributese0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Comparator
- 14 DAS and I3 , 21 DASe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa)”
e0“crop-growth parameters (plant height, dry-matter accumulation, leaf-area index); yield attributes (effective tillers, grains/panicle, 1,000-grain weight); grain yield (53.9 q/ha); net returns (`71,326/ha) and benefit : cost (B : C) ratio (2.69) were maximum in I1 treatment”
e1“First irrigation timings, viz. I1 , 7 days after sowing (DAS); I2 , 14 DAS and I3 , 21 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation 7 days after sowing gives maximum grain yield of 53.9 q/ha.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 7 days after sowinge1
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 53.9 q/hae0
- Comparator
- 14 DAS and I3 , 21 DASe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa)”
e0“crop-growth parameters (plant height, dry-matter accumulation, leaf-area index); yield attributes (effective tillers, grains/panicle, 1,000-grain weight); grain yield (53.9 q/ha); net returns (`71,326/ha) and benefit : cost (B : C) ratio (2.69) were maximum in I1 treatment”
e1“First irrigation timings, viz. I1 , 7 days after sowing (DAS); I2 , 14 DAS and I3 , 21 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation 7 days after sowing gives maximum net returns of 71,326/ha.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 7 days after sowinge1
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 71,326/hae0
- Comparator
- 14 DAS and I3 , 21 DASe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa)”
e0“crop-growth parameters (plant height, dry-matter accumulation, leaf-area index); yield attributes (effective tillers, grains/panicle, 1,000-grain weight); grain yield (53.9 q/ha); net returns (`71,326/ha) and benefit : cost (B : C) ratio (2.69) were maximum in I1 treatment”
e1“First irrigation timings, viz. I1 , 7 days after sowing (DAS); I2 , 14 DAS and I3 , 21 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation 7 days after sowing gives maximum benefit to cost ratio of 2.69.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 7 days after sowinge1
- Outcome
- benefit : cost (B : C) ratioe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 2.69e0
- Comparator
- 14 DAS and I3 , 21 DASe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa)”
e0“crop-growth parameters (plant height, dry-matter accumulation, leaf-area index); yield attributes (effective tillers, grains/panicle, 1,000-grain weight); grain yield (53.9 q/ha); net returns (`71,326/ha) and benefit : cost (B : C) ratio (2.69) were maximum in I1 treatment”
e1“First irrigation timings, viz. I1 , 7 days after sowing (DAS); I2 , 14 DAS and I3 , 21 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination pendimethalin with pyrazosulfuron and bispyribac gives the highest crop-growth parameters among herbicidal combinations.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin 750 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron 20 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha at 25 DASe2
- Outcome
- crop-growth parameterse2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Comparator
- herbicidal combinationse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa)”
e2“Among the herbicidal combinations, crop-growth parameters, yield-attributing characters, grain yield (57.2 q/ha), net returns (` 79,800/ha), B : C ratio (3.18) and weed-control efficiency were recorded highest in pendimethalin 750 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron 20 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha at 25 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
The same herbicide combination gives the highest yield-attributing characters among herbicidal combinations.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin 750 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron 20 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha at 25 DASe2
- Outcome
- yield-attributing characterse2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Comparator
- herbicidal combinationse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa)”
e2“Among the herbicidal combinations, crop-growth parameters, yield-attributing characters, grain yield (57.2 q/ha), net returns (` 79,800/ha), B : C ratio (3.18) and weed-control efficiency were recorded highest in pendimethalin 750 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron 20 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha at 25 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
The same herbicide combination gives the highest grain yield of 57.2 q/ha.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin 750 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron 20 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha at 25 DASe2
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 57.2 q/hae2
- Comparator
- herbicidal combinationse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa)”
e2“Among the herbicidal combinations, crop-growth parameters, yield-attributing characters, grain yield (57.2 q/ha), net returns (` 79,800/ha), B : C ratio (3.18) and weed-control efficiency were recorded highest in pendimethalin 750 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron 20 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha at 25 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
The same herbicide combination gives the highest net returns of 79,800/ha.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin 750 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron 20 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha at 25 DASe2
- Outcome
- net returnse2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 79,800/hae2
- Comparator
- herbicidal combinationse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa)”
e2“Among the herbicidal combinations, crop-growth parameters, yield-attributing characters, grain yield (57.2 q/ha), net returns (` 79,800/ha), B : C ratio (3.18) and weed-control efficiency were recorded highest in pendimethalin 750 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron 20 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha at 25 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
The same herbicide combination gives the highest benefit to cost ratio of 3.18.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin 750 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron 20 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha at 25 DASe2
- Outcome
- B : C ratioe2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Value
- 3.18e2
- Comparator
- herbicidal combinationse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa)”
e2“Among the herbicidal combinations, crop-growth parameters, yield-attributing characters, grain yield (57.2 q/ha), net returns (` 79,800/ha), B : C ratio (3.18) and weed-control efficiency were recorded highest in pendimethalin 750 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron 20 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha at 25 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
The same herbicide combination gives the highest weed-control efficiency.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin 750 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron 20 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha at 25 DASe2
- Outcome
- weed-control efficiencye2
- Direction
- higheste2
- Comparator
- herbicidal combinationse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa)”
e2“Among the herbicidal combinations, crop-growth parameters, yield-attributing characters, grain yield (57.2 q/ha), net returns (` 79,800/ha), B : C ratio (3.18) and weed-control efficiency were recorded highest in pendimethalin 750 g/ha + pyrazosulfuron 20 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha at 25 DAS”
Claim · model-written summary
Inclusion of bispyribac with other herbicides performs better in direct-seeded rice.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativaOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Inclusion of bispyribace3
- Outcome
- performed bettere3
- Direction
- bettere3
- Comparator
- other herbicidese3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa)”
e3“Inclusion of bispyribac with other herbicides performed better in direct-seeded rice”
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See all 30 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.