Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of planting methods and weed management in direct dry-seeded rice during summer season of 2012 and 2013 at Agricultural Research Farm, Institute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (Uttar Pradesh). The treatment comprised of five rice planting treatments, viz. conventional tillage normal spacing [row to row (R x R)-18 cm], conventional tillage square planting (RxR-20 cm, plant to plant (P x P)-20 cm), conventional tillage paired row (9-27-9 cm), reduced tillage paired row (9-27-9 cm), reduced tillage square planting (R x R-20 cm, PxP-20 cm) in main plot and sub-plot consisted of four weed management treatments, viz. weedy, two hand weeding, pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha fb azimsulfuron 17.5 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha (tank mixed) at 15 DAS fb one hand weeding (HW), oxadiargyl 50 g/ha fb metsulfuron-methyl 2 g/ha + chlorimuron-ethyl 2 g/ha (ready mix) at 20 DAS fb 1 HW. Significant reduction in weed density and biomass was recorded in two hand weeding fb pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha fb azimsulfuron 17.5 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha (tank mixed) at 15 DAS fb 1 HW which resulted in improved growth and yield attributes and yield of rice. Amongst rice planting methods, conventional tillage normal spacing (R x R-18 cm) and conventional tillage paired row (9-27-9 cm) were able to compete with weeds more as compared to other rice planting methods resulting in lower weed density and weed biomass, enhanced rice growth and yield attributing characters and yield.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Two hand weeding followed by the stated herbicide and hand-weeding sequence significantly reduced weed density.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- two hand weeding fb pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha fb azimsulfuron 17.5 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha (tank mixed) at 15 DAS fb 1 HWe0
- Outcome
- weed densitye0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedInteractorComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Significant reduction in weed density and biomass was recorded in two hand weeding fb pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha fb azimsulfuron 17.5 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha (tank mixed) at 15 DAS fb 1 HW”
Claim · model-written summary
The same sequence significantly reduced weed biomass.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- two hand weeding fb pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha fb azimsulfuron 17.5 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha (tank mixed) at 15 DAS fb 1 HWe0
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“Significant reduction in weed density and biomass was recorded in two hand weeding fb pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha fb azimsulfuron 17.5 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha (tank mixed) at 15 DAS fb 1 HW”
Claim · model-written summary
The weed-management sequence improved rice growth, yield attributes and yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- two hand weeding fb pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha fb azimsulfuron 17.5 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha (tank mixed) at 15 DAS fb 1 HWe1
- Outcome
- growth and yield attributes and yield of ricee0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“which resulted in improved growth and yield attributes and yield of rice”
e1“two hand weeding fb pendimethalin 1.0 kg/ha fb azimsulfuron 17.5 g/ha + bispyribac 25 g/ha (tank mixed) at 15 DAS fb 1 HW”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage normal spacing competed more with weeds than other planting methods.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- conventional tillage normal spacing (R x R-18 cm)e0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- compete with weedse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- other rice planting methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“conventional tillage normal spacing (R x R-18 cm) and conventional tillage paired row (9-27-9 cm) were able to compete with weeds more as compared to other rice planting methods”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage paired rows competed more with weeds than other planting methods.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- conventional tillage paired row (9-27-9 cm)e0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- compete with weedse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- other rice planting methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“conventional tillage normal spacing (R x R-18 cm) and conventional tillage paired row (9-27-9 cm) were able to compete with weeds more as compared to other rice planting methods”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage normal spacing lowered weed density and weed biomass.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- conventional tillage normal spacing (R x R-18 cm)e0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- weed density and weed biomasse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- other rice planting methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“conventional tillage normal spacing (R x R-18 cm) and conventional tillage paired row (9-27-9 cm) were able to compete with weeds more as compared to other rice planting methods resulting in lower weed density and weed biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage paired rows lowered weed density and weed biomass.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- conventional tillage paired row (9-27-9 cm)e0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- weed density and weed biomasse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- other rice planting methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“conventional tillage normal spacing (R x R-18 cm) and conventional tillage paired row (9-27-9 cm) were able to compete with weeds more as compared to other rice planting methods resulting in lower weed density and weed biomass”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage normal spacing enhanced rice growth, yield attributes and yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- conventional tillage normal spacing (R x R-18 cm)e0
- Outcome
- rice growth and yield attributing characters and yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- other rice planting methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“conventional tillage normal spacing (R x R-18 cm) and conventional tillage paired row (9-27-9 cm) were able to compete with weeds more as compared to other rice planting methods resulting in lower weed density and weed biomass, enhanced rice growth and yield attributing characters and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Conventional tillage paired rows enhanced rice growth, yield attributes and yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- conventional tillage paired row (9-27-9 cm)e0
- Outcome
- rice growth and yield attributing characters and yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- other rice planting methodse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice”
e0“conventional tillage normal spacing (R x R-18 cm) and conventional tillage paired row (9-27-9 cm) were able to compete with weeds more as compared to other rice planting methods resulting in lower weed density and weed biomass, enhanced rice growth and yield attributing characters and yield”
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See all 32 papers →8 of 16 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.