Abstract
A field study was conducted during the summer seasons of 2015 and 2016 at the Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Chatha, Jammu and Kashmir, to study the effect of pre- and post-emergence application of herbicides on nutrients uptake by weeds and blackgram or urdbean [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] crop. A significant reduction in weed density and weed biomass was observed with 2 hoeing. Further, among the herbicidal treatments, imazethapyr + pendimethalin @ 1,000 g/ha as pre-emergence and imazethapyr + imazamox 80 g/ha as post-emergence significantly reduced the weed density and weed biomass. The lowest nutrient depletion by weeds, highest grain and stover yields and nutrient uptake by urdbean crop were recorded with pre- emergence application of imazethapyr + pendimethalin @ 1,000 g/ha. Thus, pre-emergence application of imazethapyr + pendimethalin @ 1,000 g/ha may be used for effective weed-management for achieving the higher seed yield (786 kg/ha and 743 kg/ha) in urdbean crop, as it provided higher net returns of (`45,205/ha and 41,364/ ha) and benefit: cost ratio of (2.56 and 2.29) to resourceful farmers of sub-tropical conditions of Jammu region.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Two hoeings significantly reduced weed density and biomass in urdbean.
- Taxon
- urdbean
Vigna mungoe1 - Treatment
- 2 hoeinge0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed density and weed biomasse0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant reduction in weed density and weed biomass was observed with 2 hoeing”
e1“urdbean (Vigna mungo)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence imazethapyr plus pendimethalin significantly reduced weed density and biomass.
- Taxon
- urdbeanVigna mungoe1
- Treatment
- imazethapyr + pendimethalin @ 1,000 g/ha as pre-emergencee0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed density and weed biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“imazethapyr + pendimethalin @ 1,000 g/ha as pre-emergence and imazethapyr + imazamox 80 g/ha as post-emergence significantly reduced the weed density and weed biomass”
e1“urdbean (Vigna mungo)”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-emergence imazethapyr plus imazamox significantly reduced weed density and biomass.
- Taxon
- urdbeanVigna mungoe1
- Treatment
- imazethapyr + imazamox 80 g/ha as post-emergencee0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed density and weed biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“imazethapyr + imazamox 80 g/ha as post-emergence significantly reduced the weed density and weed biomass”
e1“urdbean (Vigna mungo)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence imazethapyr plus pendimethalin gave the lowest nutrient depletion by weeds.
- Taxon
- urdbeanVigna mungoe0
- Treatment
- pre- emergence application of imazethapyr + pendimethalin @ 1,000 g/hae0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- nutrient depletion by weedse0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lowest nutrient depletion by weeds, highest grain and stover yields and nutrient uptake by urdbean crop were recorded with pre- emergence application of imazethapyr + pendimethalin @ 1,000 g/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence imazethapyr plus pendimethalin gave the highest urdbean grain and stover yields.
- Taxon
- urdbeanVigna mungoe0
- Treatment
- pre- emergence application of imazethapyr + pendimethalin @ 1,000 g/hae0
- Outcome
- grain and stover yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest grain and stover yields and nutrient uptake by urdbean crop were recorded with pre- emergence application of imazethapyr + pendimethalin @ 1,000 g/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence imazethapyr plus pendimethalin gave the highest urdbean nutrient uptake.
- Taxon
- urdbeanVigna mungoe0
- Treatment
- pre- emergence application of imazethapyr + pendimethalin @ 1,000 g/hae0
- Outcome
- nutrient uptakee0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest grain and stover yields and nutrient uptake by urdbean crop were recorded with pre- emergence application of imazethapyr + pendimethalin @ 1,000 g/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence imazethapyr plus pendimethalin produced urdbean seed yields of 786 and 743 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- urdbeanVigna mungoe0
- Treatment
- pre-emergence application of imazethapyr + pendimethalin @ 1,000 g/hae0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 786 kg/ha and 743 kg/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pre-emergence application of imazethapyr + pendimethalin @ 1,000 g/ha may be used for effective weed-management for achieving the higher seed yield (786 kg/ha and 743 kg/ha) in urdbean crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-emergence imazethapyr plus pendimethalin provided higher net returns and benefit:cost ratios.
- Taxon
- urdbeanVigna mungoe1
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- `45,205/ha and 41,364/ hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher net returns of (`45,205/ha and 41,364/ ha) and benefit: cost ratio of (2.56 and 2.29)”
e1“urdbean (Vigna mungo)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend pre-emergence imazethapyr plus pendimethalin for urdbean weed management.
- Taxon
- urdbeanVigna mungoe1
- Treatment
- pre-emergence application of imazethapyr + pendimethalin @ 1,000 g/hae0
- Outcome
- effective weed-managemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pre-emergence application of imazethapyr + pendimethalin @ 1,000 g/ha may be used for effective weed-management”
e1“urdbean (Vigna mungo)”
The same questions in other papers
Imazethapyr · yield · Vigna mungo (black gram)Positive and negative results
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- positive
- positive
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See all 35 papers →pendimethalin · yield · Vigna mungo (black gram)Positive and negative results
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- positive
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See all 50 papers →Imazethapyr · nutrient: content · Vigna mungo (black gram)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
pendimethalin · nutrient: content · Vigna mungo (black gram)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →imazamox · weed · Vigna mungo (black gram)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 6 papers →Imazethapyr · weed · Vigna mungo (black gram)Results agree
34 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 35 papers →pendimethalin · weed · Vigna mungo (black gram)Results agree
45 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
42 papers more in this group
See all 46 papers →herbicide · weed · Vigna mungo (black gram)Positive and negative results
65 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
65 papers more in this group
See all 69 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.