Abstract
Prolonged drought periods, increasingly occurring worldwide due to global climate change, could affect the growth and productivity of both traditional and climate-resilient crops, including quinoa. Specifically, the vegetative growing cycle of this species is highly sensitive to drought conditions. In this context, using organic amendments could help plants cope with drought due to their ability to enhance soil water status. So, the current study aimed to investigate the effect of different organic amendments, i.e., two biochars (from woodchips and vineyard prunings) and a vermicompost (from cattle manure), applied to the soil alone and mixed at 2% rate (w/w), on the vegetative development of quinoa (cv. Titicaca), during which a period of water stress was imposed from the twelve-leaf stage to the bud stage. A set of growth-related parameters were measured both during and at the end of the experiment, along with a set of water-related parameters, at the end of the water-stress period and after soil re-watering. The results showed that woodchip biochar, both alone and mixed with vermicompost, significantly affected plant growth during the water-stress period, also allowing a quicker recovery once drought conditions ended. Indeed, the leaf number and area, SPAD index, leaf and stem fresh weight, and dry matter content in plants treated with woodchip biochar, alone and mixed with vermicompost, were higher than vineyard pruning biochar, alone and mixed with vermicompost and similar to the well-watered control plants. Similar results were observed considering the yield contributing traits detected at the end of the experiment, including the main panicle length, number of sub-panicle, as well as fresh weight and dry matter content of both panicle and sub-panicles. Additionally, the water-related parameters, especially the low turgid weight to dry weight ratio of woodchip biochar treated plants, showed evidence of better growth than vineyard pruning biochar. At the end of the experiment, the WUE of plants treated with woodchip biochar and vermicompost, both alone and mixed, was higher than vineyard pruning biochar alone and mixed with vermicompost. Among the tested organic amendments, woodchip biochar alone and mixed with vermicompost positively affected the vegetative growth response of quinoa under water-stress conditions.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Woodchip biochar alone improved growth during water stress relative to vineyard biochar.
- Taxon
- Quinoa
Chenopodium quinoat0 - Treatment
- woodchip biochare0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- vineyard pruning biochare1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“woodchip biochar, both alone and mixed with vermicompost, significantly affected plant growth during the water-stress period”
e1“were higher than vineyard pruning biochar, alone and mixed with vermicompost”
t0“Quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Woodchip biochar mixed with vermicompost improved growth during water stress.
- Taxon
- QuinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- woodchip biochar, both alone and mixed with vermicomposte0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- vineyard pruning biochare1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“woodchip biochar, both alone and mixed with vermicompost, significantly affected plant growth during the water-stress period”
e1“were higher than vineyard pruning biochar, alone and mixed with vermicompost”
t0“Quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Woodchip biochar treatments allowed quicker recovery after drought.
- Taxon
- QuinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- woodchip biochar, both alone and mixed with vermicomposte1
- Outcome
- recoverye0
- Direction
- quickere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“also allowing a quicker recovery once drought conditions ended”
e1“woodchip biochar, both alone and mixed with vermicompost”
t0“Quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Woodchip biochar alone and mixed with vermicompost produced higher leaf number, leaf area and SPAD index than vineyard biochar treatments.
Verbatim
e0“the leaf number and area, SPAD index, leaf and stem fresh weight, and dry matter content in plants treated with woodchip biochar, alone and mixed with vermicompost, were higher than vineyard pruning biochar, alone and mixed with vermicompost”
Claim · model-written summary
Woodchip biochar treatments produced higher leaf and stem fresh weight and dry matter than vineyard biochar treatments.
- Taxon
- QuinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- woodchip biochar, alone and mixed with vermicomposte0
- Outcome
- leaf and stem fresh weight, and dry matter contente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- vineyard pruning biochar, alone and mixed with vermicomposte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the leaf number and area, SPAD index, leaf and stem fresh weight, and dry matter content in plants treated with woodchip biochar, alone and mixed with vermicompost, were higher than vineyard pruning biochar, alone and mixed with vermicompost”
t0“Quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Woodchip biochar treatments had main panicle length and sub-panicle counts similar to the well-watered control and above vineyard biochar treatments.
- Taxon
- QuinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- woodchip biochare2
- Outcome
- main panicle length, number of sub-paniclee0
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- vineyard pruning biochare1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar results were observed considering the yield contributing traits detected at the end of the experiment, including the main panicle length, number of sub-panicle, as well as fresh weight and dry matter content of both panicle and sub-panicles”
e1“were higher than vineyard pruning biochar, alone and mixed with vermicompost and similar to the well-watered control plants”
e2“woodchip biochar, both alone and mixed with vermicompost, significantly affected plant growth during the water-stress period”
t0“Quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Woodchip biochar treatments improved panicle and sub-panicle weight and dry matter relative to vineyard biochar treatments.
- Taxon
- QuinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- woodchip biochare2
- Outcome
- fresh weight and dry matter content of both panicle and sub-paniclese0
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- vineyard pruning biochare1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar results were observed considering the yield contributing traits detected at the end of the experiment, including the main panicle length, number of sub-panicle, as well as fresh weight and dry matter content of both panicle and sub-panicles”
e1“were higher than vineyard pruning biochar, alone and mixed with vermicompost”
e2“woodchip biochar, both alone and mixed with vermicompost, significantly affected plant growth during the water-stress period”
t0“Quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Woodchip biochar plants had a low turgid to dry weight ratio, supporting better growth than vineyard biochar.
- Taxon
- QuinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Outcome
- turgid weight to dry weight ratioe0
- Direction
- lowe0
- Comparator
- vineyard pruning biochare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the low turgid weight to dry weight ratio of woodchip biochar treated plants, showed evidence of better growth than vineyard pruning biochar”
t0“Quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Woodchip biochar alone and mixed produced higher WUE than vineyard biochar treatments.
- Taxon
- QuinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- woodchip biochare0
- Outcome
- WUEe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- vineyard pruning biochar alone and mixed with vermicomposte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the WUE of plants treated with woodchip biochar and vermicompost, both alone and mixed, was higher than vineyard pruning biochar alone and mixed with vermicompost”
t0“Quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost alone and mixed produced higher WUE than vineyard biochar treatments.
- Taxon
- QuinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- vermicomposte0
- Outcome
- WUEe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- vineyard pruning biochar alone and mixed with vermicomposte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the WUE of plants treated with woodchip biochar and vermicompost, both alone and mixed, was higher than vineyard pruning biochar alone and mixed with vermicompost”
t0“Quinoa”
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.