Abstract
The effect of silicon (Si) priming and soil amendment with biochar (BC) was analysed in Chenopodium quinoa under normal and salinity stressed conditions. Reduced growth parameters, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis under salinity stress were significantly ameliorated by Si priming and soil amendment with BC. Applied Si and BC treatment also enhanced the chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, net photosynthesis, and maximal photochemical efficiency. In addition to this, Si and/or BC amendments alleviated the oxidative damage by reducing the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species including hydrogen peroxide and superoxide. Moreover, the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the content of ascorbate and glutathione increased significantly in Si and BC treated plants reflecting efficient alleviation of oxidative damage. Besides, the content of compatible osmolytes was increased in Si and/or BC treated seedlings, thereby contributing to improved growth and salinity tolerance by maintaining higher leaf water potential and water use efficiency. Si and BC treatment increased the uptake of key mineral elements. Moreover, salinity induced decline in the nutritional components of seeds of C. quinoa were considerably increased under Si and BC treatments.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon priming and biochar significantly ameliorated salinity reductions in growth parameters, chlorophyll and photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoa
Chenopodium quinoat0 - Treatment
- Si priming and soil amendment with BCe0
- Outcome
- growth parameters, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesise0
- Direction
- amelioratede0
- Comparator
- salinity stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Reduced growth parameters, chlorophyll content, and photosynthesis under salinity stress were significantly ameliorated by Si priming and soil amendment with BC”
t0“Chenopodium quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon and biochar enhanced chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- Si and BC treatmente0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, transpiration ratee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applied Si and BC treatment also enhanced the chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, net photosynthesis, and maximal photochemical efficiency”
t0“Chenopodium quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon and biochar enhanced net photosynthesis and maximal photochemical efficiency.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- Si and BC treatmente0
- Outcome
- net photosynthesis, and maximal photochemical efficiencye0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applied Si and BC treatment also enhanced the chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, net photosynthesis, and maximal photochemical efficiency”
t0“Chenopodium quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon or biochar reduced hydrogen peroxide and superoxide generation.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- Si and/or BC amendmentse0
- Outcome
- generation of toxic reactive oxygen species including hydrogen peroxide and superoxidee0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si and/or BC amendments alleviated the oxidative damage by reducing the generation of toxic reactive oxygen species including hydrogen peroxide and superoxide”
t0“Chenopodium quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon and biochar significantly increased antioxidant enzyme activities and ascorbate and glutathione content.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- Si and BCe0
- Outcome
- activities of antioxidant enzymes and the content of ascorbate and glutathionee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the content of ascorbate and glutathione increased significantly in Si and BC treated plants”
t0“Chenopodium quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon or biochar increased compatible osmolyte content in seedlings.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Organ / stage
- seedlingse0
- Treatment
- Si and/or BCe0
- Outcome
- content of compatible osmolytese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the content of compatible osmolytes was increased in Si and/or BC treated seedlings”
t0“Chenopodium quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon or biochar maintained higher leaf water potential and water use efficiency.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Treatment
- Si and/or BCe1
- Outcome
- leaf water potential and water use efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maintaining higher leaf water potential and water use efficiency”
e1“Si and/or BC treated seedlings”
t0“Chenopodium quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon and biochar increased uptake of key mineral elements.
- Taxon
- Chenopodium quinoaChenopodium quinoat0
- Treatment
- Si and BC treatmente0
- Outcome
- uptake of key mineral elementse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si and BC treatment increased the uptake of key mineral elements”
t0“Chenopodium quinoa”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon and biochar increased seed nutritional components that had declined under salinity.
- Taxon
- C. quinoaChenopodium quinoae0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Treatment
- Si and BC treatmentse0
- Outcome
- nutritional components of seedse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- salinity induced declinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity induced decline in the nutritional components of seeds of C. quinoa were considerably increased under Si and BC treatments”
The same questions in other papers
silicon atom · physiology: photosynthesis · Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
silicon atom · physiology: gas exchange · Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
silicon atom · physiology: oxidative · Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
silicon atom · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
silicon atom · nutrient: content · Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
other · physiology: oxidative · Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
biochar · nutrient: content · Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
seed treatment · physiology: photosynthesis · Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.