Abstract
The current work was carried out during the two growing seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017/2018 at the Experimental Station of the Environmental Studies and Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menofia Governorate, Egypt. It aimed to investigate the effect of applying potassium fertilizer at 90, 140 and 190 kg K2O/ha combined with spraying applications of seaweed extract for four times in a 15-day interval starting at 40 days after sowing at rates of 0.0, 1.5 and 3.0 ml/L on the yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality of quinoa grains cv. CICA. A split-plot design was used in three replicates. Results reported that by increasing the application of potassium from 90 to 190 kg K2O/ha, gradual increases in all studied parameters of quinoa grains occurred in the seasons of 2016-2017 and 2017-2018, except for class B grain and Mg and fiber contents. Potassium application at 190 kg K2O/ha gave the highest significant values of all determined parameters in comparison with treatment of 90 kg K2O/ha. In most cases, insignificant differences were detected between potassium fertilizer levels of 140 and 190 kg K2O/ha. Spraying seaweed extract at 3.0 ml/L resulted in superiority of all studied characters except class B grain and Mg and fiber contents, followed by 1.5 ml/L treatment with insignificant differences between them in most cases. There were significant differences among spraying seaweed treatments on Ca, Fe, Mn, protein and fiber contents in both seasons, N, P and K during the first season, and grain yield/plant, total grain yield/ha and Zn content during the second season. The interaction between potassium fertilization levels and spraying applications of seaweed extract had significantly different effects on all studied characters during both seasons, except for Mg percentage. It is evident that the application of potassium fertilization at 140 or 190 kg K2O/ha combined with the spraying of seaweed extract at 3.0 ml/L caused an apparent enhancement of the yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality of quinoa grains in comparison with the treatment of 0.0 ml/L (control) during the two experimental seasons.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing potassium from 90 to 190 kg K2O/ha gave gradual increases in all studied quinoa grain parameters, except class B grain and Mg and fiber contents.
- Taxon
- quinoa
Chenopodium quinoae1 - Material
- cv. CICAe1
- Treatment
- application of potassium from 90 to 190 kg K2O/hae2
- Outcome
- all studied parameterse2
- Direction
- gradual increasese2
- Qualifier
- except for class B grain and Mg and fiber contentse2
- Comparator
- 90 kg K2O/hae3
- Setting
- Sadat City, Menofia Governorate, Egypte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at the Experimental Station of the Environmental Studies and Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Menofia Governorate, Egypt”
e1“on the yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality of quinoa grains cv. CICA”
e2“Results reported that by increasing the application of potassium from 90 to 190 kg K2O/ha, gradual increases in all studied parameters of quinoa grains occurred in the seasons of 2016-2017 and 2017-2018, except for class B grain and Mg and fiber contents”
e3“Potassium application at 190 kg K2O/ha gave the highest significant values of all determined parameters in comparison with treatment of 90 kg K2O/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium at 190 kg K2O/ha gave the highest significant values of all determined parameters compared with 90 kg K2O/ha.
- Taxon
- quinoaChenopodium quinoae1
- Treatment
- Potassium application at 190 kg K2O/hae3
- Outcome
- all determined parameterse3
- Direction
- higheste3
- Comparator
- treatment of 90 kg K2O/hae3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on the yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality of quinoa grains cv. CICA”
e3“Potassium application at 190 kg K2O/ha gave the highest significant values of all determined parameters in comparison with treatment of 90 kg K2O/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Differences between potassium levels of 140 and 190 kg K2O/ha were insignificant in most cases.
- Taxon
- quinoaChenopodium quinoae1
- Treatment
- potassium fertilizer levels of 140 and 190 kg K2O/hae4
- Outcome
- differencese4
- Direction
- insignificante4
- Qualifier
- In most casese4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on the yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality of quinoa grains cv. CICA”
e4“In most cases, insignificant differences were detected between potassium fertilizer levels of 140 and 190 kg K2O/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying seaweed extract at 3.0 ml/L was superior for all studied quinoa characters, except class B grain and Mg and fiber contents.
- Taxon
- quinoaChenopodium quinoae1
- Treatment
- Spraying seaweed extract at 3.0 ml/Le5
- Outcome
- all studied characterse5
- Direction
- superioritye5
- Qualifier
- except class B grain and Mg and fiber contentse5
- Comparator
- 1.5 ml/L treatmente5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on the yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality of quinoa grains cv. CICA”
e5“Spraying seaweed extract at 3.0 ml/L resulted in superiority of all studied characters except class B grain and Mg and fiber contents, followed by 1.5 ml/L treatment with insignificant differences between them in most cases”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract at 1.5 ml/L showed insignificant differences from 3.0 ml/L in most cases.
- Taxon
- quinoaChenopodium quinoae1
- Treatment
- 1.5 ml/L treatmente5
- Outcome
- differences between theme5
- Direction
- insignificante5
- Qualifier
- in most casese5
- Comparator
- 3.0 ml/Le5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on the yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality of quinoa grains cv. CICA”
e5“Spraying seaweed extract at 3.0 ml/L resulted in superiority of all studied characters except class B grain and Mg and fiber contents, followed by 1.5 ml/L treatment with insignificant differences between them in most cases”
Claim · model-written summary
Significant differences among seaweed spraying treatments were found for Ca, Fe and Mn in both seasons.
- Taxon
- quinoaChenopodium quinoae1
- Treatment
- spraying seaweed treatmentse6
- Outcome
- Ca, Fe, Mne6
- Qualifier
- in both seasonse6
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on the yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality of quinoa grains cv. CICA”
e6“There were significant differences among spraying seaweed treatments on Ca, Fe, Mn, protein and fiber contents in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Significant differences among seaweed spraying treatments were found for protein and fiber contents in both seasons.
- Taxon
- quinoaChenopodium quinoae1
- Treatment
- spraying seaweed treatmentse6
- Outcome
- protein and fiber contentse6
- Qualifier
- in both seasonse6
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on the yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality of quinoa grains cv. CICA”
e6“There were significant differences among spraying seaweed treatments on Ca, Fe, Mn, protein and fiber contents in both seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Significant differences among seaweed spraying treatments were found for N, P and K in the first season.
- Taxon
- quinoaChenopodium quinoae1
- Treatment
- spraying seaweed treatmentse6
- Outcome
- N, P and Ke7
- Qualifier
- during the first seasone7
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on the yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality of quinoa grains cv. CICA”
e6“There were significant differences among spraying seaweed treatments on Ca, Fe, Mn, protein and fiber contents in both seasons”
e7“N, P and K during the first season”
Claim · model-written summary
Significant differences among seaweed spraying treatments were found for grain yield per plant, total grain yield and Zn content in the second season.
- Taxon
- quinoaChenopodium quinoae1
- Treatment
- spraying seaweed treatmentse6
- Outcome
- grain yield/plant, total grain yield/ha and Zn contente2
- Qualifier
- during the second seasone2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on the yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality of quinoa grains cv. CICA”
e6“There were significant differences among spraying seaweed treatments on Ca, Fe, Mn, protein and fiber contents in both seasons”
e2“grain yield/plant, total grain yield/ha and Zn content during the second season”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium levels and seaweed spraying interacted significantly for all studied characters, except Mg percentage.
- Taxon
- quinoaChenopodium quinoae1
- Treatment
- potassium fertilization levels and spraying applications of seaweed extracte3
- Outcome
- all studied characterse3
- Qualifier
- except for Mg percentagee3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on the yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality of quinoa grains cv. CICA”
e3“The interaction between potassium fertilization levels and spraying applications of seaweed extract had significantly different effects on all studied characters during both seasons, except for Mg percentage”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium at 140 or 190 kg K2O/ha combined with seaweed extract at 3.0 ml/L apparently enhanced quinoa grain yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality compared with 0.0 ml/L.
- Taxon
- quinoaChenopodium quinoae1
- Treatment
- potassium fertilization at 140 or 190 kg K2O/ha combined with the spraying of seaweed extract at 3.0 ml/Le4
- Outcome
- yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality of quinoa grainse4
- Direction
- enhancemente4
- Qualifier
- apparente4
- Comparator
- 0.0 ml/L (control)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“on the yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality of quinoa grains cv. CICA”
e4“It is evident that the application of potassium fertilization at 140 or 190 kg K2O/ha combined with the spraying of seaweed extract at 3.0 ml/L caused an apparent enhancement of the yield, mineral contents and nutritional quality of quinoa grains in comparison with the treatment of 0.0 ml/L (control) during the two experimental seasons”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · quality: grain · Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
application · quality: grain · Chenopodium quinoa (quinoa)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.