Abstract
A field experiment was carried out at Cotton Research Sub Station, Piplan, Mianwali to determine appropriate combination of sorghum and brassica water extracts with reduced doses of paraquat (Gramoxon 20 SL), and pendimethalin (Stomp 330 E) for weed management in cotton. Combination of sorghum and brassica water leachates each at 20 L ha-1 and pendimethalin @ 0.417 kg a. i. ha-1 (1/3 dose) as pre-emergence reduced weed density of horse persulane was statistically alike to the brand dose of pendimethalin at 15, 40 and 60 DAS. The diminution in weed dry weight was also equal at 40 DAS while less at 60 DAS. The weed control with 1/3 dose of paraquat in combination with sorghum and brassica water leachates was equal to the full dose paraquat as directed post-emergence recorded at 60 DAS. The maximum seed cotton yield (2150 kg ha-1) was attained with Allelopathic crop water leachates combined with lower rates pendimethalin, while its brand dose @ 1.25 kg a. i. ha-1 produced lesser seed cotton yield (1850 kg a. i. ha-1). Economic and marginal analysis demonstrated that the treatment T6 was the most economical with highest net benefits of Rs.144297/- and marginal rate of return 3299.28% while T5 and T7 are uneconomical due to higher cost that vary and less net benefits .It can be concluded that combination of sorghum and brassica water leachates with 1/3 dose of pendimethalin as pre-emergence for controlling horse persulane in cotton is reasonable and therefore the herbicide dose can be reduced by 67%.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The combined leachates and one-third pendimethalin dose reduced horse persulane density similarly to the full dose at 15, 40 and 60 DAS.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- Combination of sorghum and brassica water leachates each at 20 L ha-1 and pendimethalin @ 0.417 kg a. i. ha-1 (1/3 dose)e0
- Interactor
- horse persulanee0weed
- Outcome
- weed density of horse persulanee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- 15, 40 and 60 DASe0
- Comparator
- brand dose of pendimethaline0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combination of sorghum and brassica water leachates each at 20 L ha-1 and pendimethalin @ 0.417 kg a. i. ha-1 (1/3 dose) as pre-emergence reduced weed density of horse persulane was statistically alike to the brand dose of pendimethalin at 15, 40 and 60 DAS”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed dry weight reduction was equal at 40 DAS but less at 60 DAS.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- weed dry weighte0
- Direction
- equale0
- Qualifier
- 40 DAS while less at 60 DASe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The diminution in weed dry weight was also equal at 40 DAS while less at 60 DAS”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
One-third paraquat with leachates gave weed control equal to full-dose paraquat at 60 DAS.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- 1/3 dose of paraquat in combination with sorghum and brassica water leachatese0
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- equale0
- Qualifier
- 60 DASe0
- Comparator
- full dose paraquate0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The weed control with 1/3 dose of paraquat in combination with sorghum and brassica water leachates was equal to the full dose paraquat as directed post-emergence recorded at 60 DAS”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Leachates with lower-rate pendimethalin attained maximum seed cotton yield of 2150 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- Allelopathic crop water leachates combined with lower rates pendimethaline0
- Outcome
- seed cotton yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 2150 kg ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 1850 kg a. i. ha-1e0
- Comparator
- brand dose @ 1.25 kg a. i. ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum seed cotton yield (2150 kg ha-1) was attained with Allelopathic crop water leachates combined with lower rates pendimethalin, while its brand dose @ 1.25 kg a. i. ha-1 produced lesser seed cotton yield (1850 kg a. i. ha-1)”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
T6 had the highest net benefits of Rs.144297/-.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- T6e0
- Outcome
- net benefitse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- Rs.144297/-e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the treatment T6 was the most economical with highest net benefits of Rs.144297/-”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
T6 had a marginal rate of return of 3299.28%.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- T6e1
- Outcome
- marginal rate of returne0
- Value
- 3299.28%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“marginal rate of return 3299.28%”
e1“the treatment T6 was the most economical”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
T5 was uneconomical because of higher variable cost and lower net benefits.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- T5e0
- Outcome
- uneconomicale0
- Qualifier
- higher cost that vary and less net benefitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T5 and T7 are uneconomical due to higher cost that vary and less net benefits”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
T7 was uneconomical because of higher variable cost and lower net benefits.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- T7e0
- Outcome
- uneconomicale0
- Qualifier
- higher cost that vary and less net benefitse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T5 and T7 are uneconomical due to higher cost that vary and less net benefits”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that leachates with one-third pendimethalin can control horse persulane in cotton and reduce herbicide dose by 67%.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Interactor
- horse persulanee0weed
- Outcome
- herbicide dose can be reducede0
- Value
- 67%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“combination of sorghum and brassica water leachates with 1/3 dose of pendimethalin as pre-emergence for controlling horse persulane in cotton is reasonable and therefore the herbicide dose can be reduced by 67%”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.