Abstract
AP2 transcription factors play a crucial role in plant development and reproductive growth, as well as response to biotic and abiotic stress. However, the role of TaAP2-15, in the interaction between wheat and the stripe fungus, Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), remains elusive. In this study, we isolated TaAP2-15 and characterized its function during the interaction. TaAP2-15 was localized in the nucleus of wheat and N. benthamiana. Silencing of TaAP2-15 by barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-mediated VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing) increased the susceptibility of wheat to Pst accompanied by enhanced growth of the pathogen (number of haustoria, haustorial mother cells and hyphal length). We confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR that the transcript levels of pathogenesis-related genes (TaPR1 and TaPR2) were down-regulated, while reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging genes (TaCAT3 and TaFSOD3D) were induced accompanied by reduced accumulation of H2O2. Furthermore, we found that TaAP2-15 interacted with a zinc finger protein (TaRZFP34) that is a homolog of OsRZFP34 in rice. Together our findings demonstrate that TaAP2-15 is positively involved in resistance of wheat to the stripe rust fungus and provides new insights into the roles of AP2 in the host-pathogen interaction.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing of TaAP2-15 by BSMV-mediated VIGS increased wheat susceptibility to Pst.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume1 - Treatment
- Silencing of TaAP2-15 by barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-mediated VIGSe1
- Interactor
- Pste1pathogen
- Outcome
- susceptibility of wheat to Pste1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Silencing of TaAP2-15 by barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-mediated VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing) increased the susceptibility of wheat to Pst”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing of TaAP2-15 by BSMV-mediated VIGS enhanced growth of Pst (haustoria, haustorial mother cells and hyphal length).
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Silencing of TaAP2-15 by barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-mediated VIGSe1
- Interactor
- Pste1pathogen
- Outcome
- growth of the pathogen (number of haustoria, haustorial mother cells and hyphal length)e2
- Direction
- enhancede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Silencing of TaAP2-15 by barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-mediated VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing) increased the susceptibility of wheat to Pst”
e2“accompanied by enhanced growth of the pathogen (number of haustoria, haustorial mother cells and hyphal length)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing of TaAP2-15 reduced transcript levels of the pathogenesis-related genes TaPR1 and TaPR2 in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Silencing of TaAP2-15 by barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-mediated VIGSe1
- Gene
- TaPR1 and TaPR2e3
- Outcome
- transcript levels of pathogenesis-related genese3
- Direction
- down-regulatede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Silencing of TaAP2-15 by barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-mediated VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing) increased the susceptibility of wheat to Pst”
e3“We confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR that the transcript levels of pathogenesis-related genes (TaPR1 and TaPR2) were down-regulated”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing of TaAP2-15 induced transcript levels of the ROS-scavenging genes TaCAT3 and TaFSOD3D in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Silencing of TaAP2-15 by barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-mediated VIGSe1
- Gene
- TaCAT3 and TaFSOD3De4
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging genese4
- Direction
- inducede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Silencing of TaAP2-15 by barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-mediated VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing) increased the susceptibility of wheat to Pst”
e4“while reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging genes (TaCAT3 and TaFSOD3D) were induced accompanied by reduced accumulation of H2O2”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing of TaAP2-15 reduced H2O2 accumulation in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Silencing of TaAP2-15 by barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-mediated VIGSe1
- Outcome
- accumulation of H2O2e4
- Direction
- reducede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Silencing of TaAP2-15 by barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV)-mediated VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing) increased the susceptibility of wheat to Pst”
e4“while reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging genes (TaCAT3 and TaFSOD3D) were induced accompanied by reduced accumulation of H2O2”
Claim · model-written summary
TaAP2-15 is localized in the nucleus of wheat and N. benthamiana.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume5
- Gene
- TaAP2-15e5
- Outcome
- localized in the nucleuse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“TaAP2-15 was localized in the nucleus of wheat and N. benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
TaAP2-15 interacts with the zinc finger protein TaRZFP34, a homolog of rice OsRZFP34.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume5
- Gene
- TaRZFP34e6
- Outcome
- interacted with a zinc finger protein (TaRZFP34)e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“TaAP2-15 was localized in the nucleus of wheat and N. benthamiana”
e6“TaAP2-15 interacted with a zinc finger protein (TaRZFP34) that is a homolog of OsRZFP34 in rice”
Claim · model-written summary
TaAP2-15 is positively involved in wheat resistance to the stripe rust fungus.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume7
- Interactor
- stripe rust funguse7pathogen
- Gene
- TaAP2-15e7
- Outcome
- resistance of wheat to the stripe rust funguse7
- Direction
- positively involvede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“TaAP2-15 is positively involved in resistance of wheat to the stripe rust fungus”
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