Abstract
To evaluate the effect of drought stress and application of nano ZnO on the characteristics of soybean seed germination and reserves mobilization a factorial experiment conducted based on completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments were water stress at three levels as 0, -0.7 and -1.4 MPa applied using polyethylene glycol 6000. Nano zinc oxide at the concentrations of 0, 0.75 and 1.5 g lit-1 were used. Results showed that Nano zinc oxide increased the percentage and rate of germination of soybean seeds and the highest values of these attributes were 89.5% and 6.88 seed day-1 respectively achieved from the application of 1.5 g lit-1 of nano zinc oxide. However, drought stress reduced germination traits. Antioxidant systems increased upon the occurrence of drought and utilization of nano zinc oxide. The highest antioxidant activity in severe stress observed with using 1.5 g lit-1 ZnO nano particles. Despite the drought reduced the hydrolytic enzymes activity, but the application of nano ZnO significantly increased enzymes activity compared to control. Mobilization of triple reserves during seed germination had different patterns. Until 48 hours after imbibition total protein increased and then decreased, but reduction trend observed in carbohydrate and lipid content in the early hours after imbibition. Drought stress caused a rapid depletion of the reserves, but the nano zinc oxide slowed down the depletion process.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Nano zinc oxide increased soybean seed germination percentage, reaching 89.5% at 1.5 g lit-1.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- 1.5 g lit-1 of nano zinc oxidee0
- Outcome
- percentage and rate of germinatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 89.5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nano zinc oxide increased the percentage and rate of germination of soybean seeds and the highest values of these attributes were 89.5% and 6.88 seed day-1 respectively achieved from the application of 1.5 g lit-1 of nano zinc oxide”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano zinc oxide increased germination rate, reaching 6.88 seed day-1 at 1.5 g lit-1.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- 1.5 g lit-1 of nano zinc oxidee0
- Outcome
- rate of germinatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 6.88 seed day-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nano zinc oxide increased the percentage and rate of germination of soybean seeds and the highest values of these attributes were 89.5% and 6.88 seed day-1 respectively achieved from the application of 1.5 g lit-1 of nano zinc oxide”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress reduced germination traits.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- germination traitse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, drought stress reduced germination traits”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant systems increased under drought.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- droughte0
- Outcome
- Antioxidant systemse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Antioxidant systems increased upon the occurrence of drought and utilization of nano zinc oxide”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidant systems increased with nano zinc oxide.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- nano zinc oxidee0
- Outcome
- Antioxidant systemse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Antioxidant systems increased upon the occurrence of drought and utilization of nano zinc oxide”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest antioxidant activity under severe stress occurred with 1.5 g lit-1 ZnO nano particles.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 1.5 g lit-1 ZnO nano particlese0
- Outcome
- antioxidant activitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- severe stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest antioxidant activity in severe stress observed with using 1.5 g lit-1 ZnO nano particles”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced hydrolytic enzyme activity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- droughte0
- Outcome
- hydrolytic enzymes activitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drought reduced the hydrolytic enzymes activity”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano ZnO significantly increased hydrolytic enzyme activity relative to control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- nano ZnOe0
- Outcome
- enzymes activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of nano ZnO significantly increased enzymes activity compared to control”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed reserve mobilization showed different patterns among the three reserves.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- seed germinatione0
- Outcome
- Mobilization of triple reservese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mobilization of triple reserves during seed germination had different patterns”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Total protein increased until 48 hours after imbibition.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- total proteine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- Until 48 hours after imbibitione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Until 48 hours after imbibition total protein increased”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Total protein decreased after 48 hours following imbibition.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- total proteine0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- 48 hours after imbibitione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Until 48 hours after imbibition total protein increased and then decreased”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbohydrate content decreased early after imbibition.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- carbohydrate and lipid contente0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Qualifier
- early hours after imbibitione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduction trend observed in carbohydrate and lipid content in the early hours after imbibition”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Lipid content decreased early after imbibition.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- lipid contente0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Qualifier
- early hours after imbibitione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduction trend observed in carbohydrate and lipid content in the early hours after imbibition”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought caused rapid seed reserve depletion.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Drought stresse0
- Outcome
- reservese0
- Direction
- depletione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Drought stress caused a rapid depletion of the reserves”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano zinc oxide slowed reserve depletion.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- nano zinc oxidee0
- Outcome
- depletion processe0
- Direction
- slowed downe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nano zinc oxide slowed down the depletion process”
t0“soybean”
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