Abstract
Impact of certain insecticides and their mixtures (emamectin benzoate, imidaclopride, chlorfenapyr, indoxacarb, profenofos, pyridalyl, methomyl, teflubenzuron) were evaluated against tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) and Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) populations on tomato crop at south valley region. LC50 values indicated that emamectin benzoate was the most toxic compound (LC50 0.461 %) against T. absoluta, larvae. The carbamate insecticide, methomyl showed almost similar toxicity followed by in a descending order while teflubenzuron and chlorfenapyr were less effective (LC50 1.054 and 3.165 %), respectively. Pyridalyl was found to be the most effective insecticide against H. armigera. (LC50 0.513 %). The corresponding toxicities of the other tested insecticides, arranged according to their LC50’s in descending order were as follow: methomyl, emamectin benzoate, profenofos, imidaclopride, teflubenzuron, indoxacarb and chlorfenapyr. The LC50’s were ranged between (0.513 and 0.872 %), while, their toxicity indexes were ranged between (92.432 and 58.830 %). On the other hand, there were no differences occurred among the treatments. Mean of percent infestation were decreased 6 weeks after six sprayings, and the percent reduction in infestation were 79.73, 80.22, 78.41, 80.88, 80.50, 78.30, 79.64 and 78.25 % by using emamectin benzoate, methomyl, imidaclopride, pyridalyl, profenofos, indoxacarb, teflubenzuron and chlorfenapyr, respectively. The efficiency of the tested insecticides was increased with increasing the number of sprays from 2 to 6 causing reduction in insect leaf miner infestation ranged between 68.02 to 80.88 %, respectively. Generally, the tested insecticides and their mixtures achieved a considerable reduction in T. absoluta and H. armigera population.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Emamectin benzoate was the most toxic insecticide to T. absoluta larvae on tomato (LC50 0.461 %).
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- emamectin benzoatee1
- Interactor
- T. absoluta
.jpg?width=60)
Tuta absolutae1pest - Outcome
- LC50e1
- Direction
- most toxice1
- Value
- 0.461 %e1
- Qualifier
- larvaee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“emamectin benzoate was the most toxic compound (LC50 0.461 %) against T. absoluta, larvae”
Claim · model-written summary
Methomyl showed almost similar toxicity to T. absoluta on tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- methomyle1
- Outcome
- toxicitye1
- Direction
- almost similare1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“The carbamate insecticide, methomyl showed almost similar toxicity followed by in a descending order”
Claim · model-written summary
Teflubenzuron was less effective against T. absoluta on tomato, with LC50 1.054.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- teflubenzurone1
- Outcome
- LC50e1
- Direction
- less effectivee1
- Value
- 1.054e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“teflubenzuron and chlorfenapyr were less effective (LC50 1.054 and 3.165 %), respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorfenapyr was less effective against T. absoluta on tomato, with LC50 3.165.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- chlorfenapyre1
- Outcome
- LC50e1
- Direction
- less effectivee1
- Value
- 3.165e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“teflubenzuron and chlorfenapyr were less effective (LC50 1.054 and 3.165 %), respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyridalyl was the most effective insecticide against H. armigera on tomato (LC50 0.513 %).
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Pyridalyle1
- Interactor
- H. armigera
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=60)
Helicoverpa armigerae1pest - Outcome
- LC50e1
- Direction
- most effectivee1
- Value
- 0.513 %e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“Pyridalyl was found to be the most effective insecticide against H. armigera. (LC50 0.513 %)”
Claim · model-written summary
The other tested insecticides ranked in descending toxicity with LC50 values between 0.513 and 0.872 %.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- other tested insecticidese1
- Outcome
- LC50e2
- Direction
- descending ordere1
- Value
- 0.513 and 0.872 %e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“The corresponding toxicities of the other tested insecticides, arranged according to their LC50’s in descending order”
e2“The LC50’s were ranged between (0.513 and 0.872 %)”
Claim · model-written summary
Toxicity indexes of the tested insecticides ranged between 58.830 and 92.432 %.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- toxicity indexese1
- Value
- 92.432 and 58.830 %e1
- Qualifier
- ranged betweene1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“their toxicity indexes were ranged between (92.432 and 58.830 %)”
Claim · model-written summary
No differences occurred among the insecticide treatments in infestation control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- no differences occurred among the treatmentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“there were no differences occurred among the treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Emamectin benzoate reduced infestation by 79.73 % after six sprayings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- emamectin benzoatee1
- Outcome
- percent reduction in infestatione1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 79.73e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“the percent reduction in infestation were 79.73, 80.22, 78.41, 80.88, 80.50, 78.30, 79.64 and 78.25 % by using emamectin benzoate, methomyl, imidaclopride, pyridalyl, profenofos, indoxacarb, teflubenzuron and chlorfenapyr, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Methomyl reduced infestation by 80.22 % after six sprayings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- methomyle1
- Outcome
- percent reduction in infestatione1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 80.22e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“the percent reduction in infestation were 79.73, 80.22, 78.41, 80.88, 80.50, 78.30, 79.64 and 78.25 % by using emamectin benzoate, methomyl, imidaclopride, pyridalyl, profenofos, indoxacarb, teflubenzuron and chlorfenapyr, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid reduced infestation by 78.41 % after six sprayings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- imidaclopridee1
- Outcome
- percent reduction in infestatione1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 78.41e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“the percent reduction in infestation were 79.73, 80.22, 78.41, 80.88, 80.50, 78.30, 79.64 and 78.25 % by using emamectin benzoate, methomyl, imidaclopride, pyridalyl, profenofos, indoxacarb, teflubenzuron and chlorfenapyr, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyridalyl reduced infestation by 80.88 % after six sprayings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- pyridalyle1
- Outcome
- percent reduction in infestatione1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 80.88e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“the percent reduction in infestation were 79.73, 80.22, 78.41, 80.88, 80.50, 78.30, 79.64 and 78.25 % by using emamectin benzoate, methomyl, imidaclopride, pyridalyl, profenofos, indoxacarb, teflubenzuron and chlorfenapyr, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Profenofos reduced infestation by 80.50 % after six sprayings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- profenofose1
- Outcome
- percent reduction in infestatione1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 80.50e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“the percent reduction in infestation were 79.73, 80.22, 78.41, 80.88, 80.50, 78.30, 79.64 and 78.25 % by using emamectin benzoate, methomyl, imidaclopride, pyridalyl, profenofos, indoxacarb, teflubenzuron and chlorfenapyr, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Indoxacarb reduced infestation by 78.30 % after six sprayings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- indoxacarbe1
- Outcome
- percent reduction in infestatione1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 78.30e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“the percent reduction in infestation were 79.73, 80.22, 78.41, 80.88, 80.50, 78.30, 79.64 and 78.25 % by using emamectin benzoate, methomyl, imidaclopride, pyridalyl, profenofos, indoxacarb, teflubenzuron and chlorfenapyr, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Teflubenzuron reduced infestation by 79.64 % after six sprayings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- teflubenzurone1
- Outcome
- percent reduction in infestatione1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 79.64e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“the percent reduction in infestation were 79.73, 80.22, 78.41, 80.88, 80.50, 78.30, 79.64 and 78.25 % by using emamectin benzoate, methomyl, imidaclopride, pyridalyl, profenofos, indoxacarb, teflubenzuron and chlorfenapyr, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorfenapyr reduced infestation by 78.25 % after six sprayings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- chlorfenapyre1
- Outcome
- percent reduction in infestatione1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 78.25e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“the percent reduction in infestation were 79.73, 80.22, 78.41, 80.88, 80.50, 78.30, 79.64 and 78.25 % by using emamectin benzoate, methomyl, imidaclopride, pyridalyl, profenofos, indoxacarb, teflubenzuron and chlorfenapyr, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Efficiency of the insecticides against leaf miner infestation increased with the number of sprays from 2 to 6, with reduction of 68.02 to 80.88 %.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- number of sprayse1
- Interactor
- insect leaf minere1pest
- Outcome
- reduction in insect leaf miner infestatione1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 68.02 to 80.88 %e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“The efficiency of the tested insecticides was increased with increasing the number of sprays from 2 to 6 causing reduction in insect leaf miner infestation ranged between 68.02 to 80.88 %”
Claim · model-written summary
Insecticides and their mixtures achieved a considerable reduction in T. absoluta and H. armigera populations on tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- tested insecticides and their mixturese1
- Interactor
- T. absolutaTuta absolutae1pest
- Second interactor
- H. armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae1pest
- Outcome
- reduction in T. absoluta and H. armigera populatione1
- Direction
- reductione1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“the tested insecticides and their mixtures achieved a considerable reduction in T. absoluta and H. armigera population”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean percent infestation decreased 6 weeks after six sprayings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- six sprayingse1
- Outcome
- percent infestatione1
- Direction
- decreasede1
- Qualifier
- 6 weeks after six sprayingse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“populations on tomato crop at south valley region”
e1“Mean of percent infestation were decreased 6 weeks after six sprayings”
The same questions in other papers
profenofos · pest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →methomyl · pest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →indoxacarb · pest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →emamectin benzoate · Tuta absoluta · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →pyridalyl · Helicoverpa armigera · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
teflubenzuron · pest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
pyridalyl · pest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
chlorfenapyr · pest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →8 of 11 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.