Abstract
A pot culture study was carried out in the net house condition to test the effectiveness of neem oil cake and bacterial antagonists (Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Pseudomonas fluorescens) as seed treatments @ 10 g/kg seed in alone and combinations against root knot nematode infecting cucumber. All the treatments recorded significantly increase in plant growth parameters and decrease in nematode growth over untreated inoculated check. Among all treatments, the combined effect of neem cake and bio-agents exhibited higher plant growth than their single application. The treatment comprising of soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed significantly increased the shoot length (69.7%), root length (84.5%), fresh shoot weight (35.4%), fresh root weight (98.2%), dry shoot weight (89.5%), dry root weight (94.1%) and decreased the root galls/plant (82.6%), number of egg masses/plant (84.8%) and final nematode population (66.3%) in soil, respectively over untreated check with lowest root knot index (2.67) followed by soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with B. amyloliquefaciens @ 10 g/kg seed. Therefore, soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed may be recommended for eco-friendly management of Meloidogyne incognita in cucumber.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
All treatments increased cucumber growth parameters over untreated inoculated check.
- Taxon
- Cucumber
Cucumis sativust0 - Treatment
- All the treatmentse0
- Outcome
- plant growth parameterse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- untreated inoculated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
e0“All the treatments recorded significantly increase in plant growth parameters and decrease in nematode growth over untreated inoculated check”
Claim · model-written summary
All treatments decreased nematode growth over untreated inoculated check.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- All the treatmentse0
- Outcome
- nematode growthe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- untreated inoculated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
e0“All the treatments recorded significantly increase in plant growth parameters and decrease in nematode growth over untreated inoculated check”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined neem cake and bio-agents produced greater cucumber growth than single applications.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- neem cake and bio-agentse0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- their single applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
e0“the combined effect of neem cake and bio-agents exhibited higher plant growth than their single application”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil cake plus P. fluorescens increased shoot length by 69.7% versus untreated check.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seede0
- Interactor
- root knote0pest
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescens
.JPG?width=60)
Pseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 69.7%e0
- Comparator
- untreated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
e0“The treatment comprising of soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed significantly increased the shoot length (69.7%), root length (84.5%), fresh shoot weight (35.4%), fresh root weight (98.2%), dry shoot weight (89.5%), dry root weight (94.1%) and decreased the root galls/plant (82.6%), number of egg masses/plant (84.8%) and final nematode population (66.3%) in soil, respectively over untreated check with lowest root knot index (2.67) followed by soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with B. amyloliquefaciens @ 10 g/kg seed.”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil cake plus P. fluorescens increased root length by 84.5% versus untreated check.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seede0
- Interactor
- root knote0pest
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- root lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 84.5%e0
- Comparator
- untreated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
e0“The treatment comprising of soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed significantly increased the shoot length (69.7%), root length (84.5%), fresh shoot weight (35.4%), fresh root weight (98.2%), dry shoot weight (89.5%), dry root weight (94.1%) and decreased the root galls/plant (82.6%), number of egg masses/plant (84.8%) and final nematode population (66.3%) in soil, respectively over untreated check with lowest root knot index (2.67) followed by soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with B. amyloliquefaciens @ 10 g/kg seed.”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil cake plus P. fluorescens increased fresh shoot weight by 35.4% versus untreated check.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seede0
- Interactor
- root knote0pest
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- fresh shoot weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 35.4%e0
- Comparator
- untreated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
e0“The treatment comprising of soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed significantly increased the shoot length (69.7%), root length (84.5%), fresh shoot weight (35.4%), fresh root weight (98.2%), dry shoot weight (89.5%), dry root weight (94.1%) and decreased the root galls/plant (82.6%), number of egg masses/plant (84.8%) and final nematode population (66.3%) in soil, respectively over untreated check with lowest root knot index (2.67) followed by soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with B. amyloliquefaciens @ 10 g/kg seed.”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil cake plus P. fluorescens increased fresh root weight by 98.2% versus untreated check.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seede0
- Interactor
- root knote0pest
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- fresh root weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 98.2%e0
- Comparator
- untreated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
e0“The treatment comprising of soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed significantly increased the shoot length (69.7%), root length (84.5%), fresh shoot weight (35.4%), fresh root weight (98.2%), dry shoot weight (89.5%), dry root weight (94.1%) and decreased the root galls/plant (82.6%), number of egg masses/plant (84.8%) and final nematode population (66.3%) in soil, respectively over untreated check with lowest root knot index (2.67) followed by soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with B. amyloliquefaciens @ 10 g/kg seed.”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil cake plus P. fluorescens increased dry shoot weight by 89.5% versus untreated check.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seede0
- Interactor
- root knote0pest
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- dry shoot weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 89.5%e0
- Comparator
- untreated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
e0“The treatment comprising of soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed significantly increased the shoot length (69.7%), root length (84.5%), fresh shoot weight (35.4%), fresh root weight (98.2%), dry shoot weight (89.5%), dry root weight (94.1%) and decreased the root galls/plant (82.6%), number of egg masses/plant (84.8%) and final nematode population (66.3%) in soil, respectively over untreated check with lowest root knot index (2.67) followed by soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with B. amyloliquefaciens @ 10 g/kg seed.”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil cake plus P. fluorescens increased dry root weight by 94.1% versus untreated check.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seede0
- Interactor
- root knote0pest
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- dry root weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 94.1%e0
- Comparator
- untreated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
e0“The treatment comprising of soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed significantly increased the shoot length (69.7%), root length (84.5%), fresh shoot weight (35.4%), fresh root weight (98.2%), dry shoot weight (89.5%), dry root weight (94.1%) and decreased the root galls/plant (82.6%), number of egg masses/plant (84.8%) and final nematode population (66.3%) in soil, respectively over untreated check with lowest root knot index (2.67) followed by soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with B. amyloliquefaciens @ 10 g/kg seed.”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil cake plus P. fluorescens decreased root galls/plant by 82.6% versus untreated check.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seede0
- Interactor
- root knote0pest
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- root galls/plante0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 82.6%e0
- Comparator
- untreated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
e0“The treatment comprising of soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed significantly increased the shoot length (69.7%), root length (84.5%), fresh shoot weight (35.4%), fresh root weight (98.2%), dry shoot weight (89.5%), dry root weight (94.1%) and decreased the root galls/plant (82.6%), number of egg masses/plant (84.8%) and final nematode population (66.3%) in soil, respectively over untreated check with lowest root knot index (2.67) followed by soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with B. amyloliquefaciens @ 10 g/kg seed.”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil cake plus P. fluorescens decreased number of egg masses/plant by 84.8% versus untreated check.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seede0
- Interactor
- root knote0pest
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- number of egg masses/plante0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 84.8%e0
- Comparator
- untreated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
e0“The treatment comprising of soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed significantly increased the shoot length (69.7%), root length (84.5%), fresh shoot weight (35.4%), fresh root weight (98.2%), dry shoot weight (89.5%), dry root weight (94.1%) and decreased the root galls/plant (82.6%), number of egg masses/plant (84.8%) and final nematode population (66.3%) in soil, respectively over untreated check with lowest root knot index (2.67) followed by soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with B. amyloliquefaciens @ 10 g/kg seed.”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil cake plus P. fluorescens decreased final nematode population by 66.3% versus untreated check.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seede0
- Interactor
- root knote0pest
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- final nematode populatione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 66.3%e0
- Comparator
- untreated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
e0“The treatment comprising of soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed significantly increased the shoot length (69.7%), root length (84.5%), fresh shoot weight (35.4%), fresh root weight (98.2%), dry shoot weight (89.5%), dry root weight (94.1%) and decreased the root galls/plant (82.6%), number of egg masses/plant (84.8%) and final nematode population (66.3%) in soil, respectively over untreated check with lowest root knot index (2.67) followed by soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with B. amyloliquefaciens @ 10 g/kg seed.”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem cake plus P. fluorescens gave the lowest root knot index, 2.67.
- Taxon
- CucumberCucumis sativust0
- Treatment
- soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seede0
- Interactor
- root knote0pest
- Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- root knot indexe0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 2.67e0
- Comparator
- untreated checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
e0“The treatment comprising of soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed significantly increased the shoot length (69.7%), root length (84.5%), fresh shoot weight (35.4%), fresh root weight (98.2%), dry shoot weight (89.5%), dry root weight (94.1%) and decreased the root galls/plant (82.6%), number of egg masses/plant (84.8%) and final nematode population (66.3%) in soil, respectively over untreated check with lowest root knot index (2.67) followed by soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with B. amyloliquefaciens @ 10 g/kg seed.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend neem cake plus P. fluorescens for Meloidogyne incognita management in cucumber.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse0
- Treatment
- soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seede0
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognita
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne incognitae0pest - Second interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- eco-friendly management of Meloidogyne incognitae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)”
e0“soil application of neem oil cake @ 1.0 t/ha and seed treatment with P. fluorescens @ 10 g/kg seed may be recommended for eco-friendly management of Meloidogyne incognita in cucumber”
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