Abstract
Cucurbitacin E glycoside, extracted from a bitter mutant of Hawkesbury watermelon [Citrulls lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai (Syn. Citrullus vulgaris Schrad)] is the active ingredient of a feeding stimulant for the corn rootworm complex. It is the primary component of a water-soluble bait that can be combined with toxins for adult diabroticite control. Studies were conducted using phloxine B (D&C Red 28), a xanthene dye, as the toxin. This dye was efficacious against Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber, spotted cucumber beetle, and Acalymma vittatum (F.), striped cucumber beetle, in cucumber plots and could be recovered from cucumber leaves for 8 d after treatment. The average amount of dye recovered per dead spotted cucumber beetle at 8 d after treatment was 0.173 microg. Concentrated and sugar-free fermented forms of the watermelon extract were developed and compared with the fresh juice in field applications on cucumber plants. There was no significant difference in mortality of beetles from phloxine B-bait prepared with fresh, fermented, or concentrated extract, although in laboratory studies, fermented juice had higher feeding stimulant activity.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Phloxine B was efficacious against Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi and Acalymma vittatum on cucumber plots.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse2 - Treatment
- phloxine Be6
- Interactor
- Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi
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Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardie2pest - Second interactor
- Acalymma vittatum
Acalymma vittatume2pest - Outcome
- efficaciouse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e2“This dye was efficacious against Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber, spotted cucumber beetle, and Acalymma vittatum (F.), striped cucumber beetle, in cucumber plots and could be recovered from cucumber leaves for 8 d after treatment”
e6“Studies were conducted using phloxine B (D&C Red 28), a xanthene dye, as the toxin”
Claim · model-written summary
Phloxine B could be recovered from cucumber leaves for 8 days after treatment.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse2
- Treatment
- phloxine Be6
- Outcome
- recovered from cucumber leavese2
- Value
- 8 de2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“This dye was efficacious against Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber, spotted cucumber beetle, and Acalymma vittatum (F.), striped cucumber beetle, in cucumber plots and could be recovered from cucumber leaves for 8 d after treatment”
e6“Studies were conducted using phloxine B (D&C Red 28), a xanthene dye, as the toxin”
Claim · model-written summary
On average, 0.173 µg of dye was recovered per dead spotted cucumber beetle at 8 days after treatment.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse2
- Treatment
- phloxine Be6
- Interactor
- spotted cucumber beetleDiabrotica undecimpunctata howardie3pest
- Outcome
- amount of dye recovered per dead spotted cucumber beetlee3
- Value
- 0.173 microge3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“This dye was efficacious against Diabrotica undecimpunctata howardi Barber, spotted cucumber beetle, and Acalymma vittatum (F.), striped cucumber beetle, in cucumber plots and could be recovered from cucumber leaves for 8 d after treatment”
e3“The average amount of dye recovered per dead spotted cucumber beetle at 8 d after treatment was 0.173 microg”
e6“Studies were conducted using phloxine B (D&C Red 28), a xanthene dye, as the toxin”
Claim · model-written summary
Beetle mortality did not differ among phloxine B baits made with fresh, fermented or concentrated watermelon extract.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse5
- Treatment
- phloxine B-bait prepared with fresh, fermented, or concentrated extracte4
- Outcome
- mortality of beetlese4
- Direction
- no significant differencee4
- Comparator
- fresh juicee5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“There was no significant difference in mortality of beetles from phloxine B-bait prepared with fresh, fermented, or concentrated extract, although in laboratory studies, fermented juice had higher feeding stimulant activity”
e5“were developed and compared with the fresh juice in field applications on cucumber plants”
Claim · model-written summary
In laboratory studies, fermented watermelon juice had higher feeding stimulant activity.
- Taxon
- watermelon
Citrullus lanatuse0 - Treatment
- fermented juicee4
- Outcome
- feeding stimulant activitye4
- Direction
- highere4
- Setting
- laboratory studiese4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucurbitacin E glycoside, extracted from a bitter mutant of Hawkesbury watermelon”
e4“There was no significant difference in mortality of beetles from phloxine B-bait prepared with fresh, fermented, or concentrated extract, although in laboratory studies, fermented juice had higher feeding stimulant activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Cucurbitacin E glycoside is the active ingredient of a feeding stimulant for the corn rootworm complex.
- Taxon
- watermelonCitrullus lanatuse0
- Interactor
- corn rootworm complexe1pest
- Compound
- Cucurbitacin E glycosidee0
- Outcome
- active ingredient of a feeding stimulante1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cucurbitacin E glycoside, extracted from a bitter mutant of Hawkesbury watermelon”
e1“is the active ingredient of a feeding stimulant for the corn rootworm complex”
The same questions in other papers
processing · pest · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
botanical · pest · Cucumis sativus (cucumber)Positive and negative results
18 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
15 papers more in this group
See all 19 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.