Abstract
Tomato bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum seriously restricts tomato production and no effective control measures are available. A microbial restoration substrate (MRS) had been proved to be effective control of tomato BW in a greenhouse cultivation. In this study, MRS was combined with an avirulent Ralstonia solanacearum (aRS) strain to control the disease under an open field condition. In the two consecutive year (2017 and 2018) trials, the combined use of aRS and MRS resulted in better disease control compared with either aRS or MRS alone. Moreover, the combined treatment was more effective than expected and suggesting a synergistic control effect. Compared with control (CK, non-aRS or MRS), the application of aRS and MRS treatments alone or in combination could all promote plant growth, increase root activity and yield (e.g. the yield for the treatment of aRS + MRS increased by 463.64% in 2017). Soil nutrients, including soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium contents were also significantly increased by the application of aRS and MRS treatments alone or in combination (P < 0.05). The application of MRS or in combination with aRS changed the soil from acidic to neutral, which is one of the key factors for controlling BW. The soil enzymatic activities were notably influenced by the combined use of aRS and MRS, which increased urease (87.37% in 2017 and 60.89% in 2018), catalase (93.67% in 2017 and 279.37% in 2018) and alkaline phosphatase activities (193.77% in 2017 and 455.73% in 2018). These results suggest that the combination of MRS and aRS could effectively control tomato BW and thus represents a promising new tool to control this disease.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Combined aRS and MRS gave better disease control of tomato bacterial wilt than either alone
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- the combined use of aRS and MRSe1
- Interactor
- Ralstonia solanacearum
Ralstonia solanacearume0pathogen - Second interactor
- avirulent Ralstonia solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- disease controle1
- Direction
- bettere1
- Comparator
- either aRS or MRS alonee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum seriously restricts tomato production and no effective control measures are available”
e1“In the two consecutive year (2017 and 2018) trials, the combined use of aRS and MRS resulted in better disease control compared with either aRS or MRS alone”
e2“In this study, MRS was combined with an avirulent Ralstonia solanacearum (aRS) strain to control the disease under an open field condition”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment was more effective against wilt than expected, suggesting a synergistic control effect
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- combined treatmente3
- Outcome
- control effecte3
- Direction
- more effectivee3
- Comparator
- expectede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum seriously restricts tomato production and no effective control measures are available”
e3“Moreover, the combined treatment was more effective than expected and suggesting a synergistic control effect”
Claim · model-written summary
aRS and MRS alone or in combination promoted plant growth compared with control
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- aRS and MRS treatments alone or in combinatione4
- Outcome
- plant growthe4
- Direction
- promotee4
- Comparator
- control (CK, non-aRS or MRS)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum seriously restricts tomato production and no effective control measures are available”
e4“Compared with control (CK, non-aRS or MRS), the application of aRS and MRS treatments alone or in combination could all promote plant growth, increase root activity and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
aRS and MRS alone or in combination increased root activity compared with control
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- aRS and MRS treatments alone or in combinatione4
- Outcome
- root activitye4
- Direction
- increasee4
- Comparator
- control (CK, non-aRS or MRS)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum seriously restricts tomato production and no effective control measures are available”
e4“Compared with control (CK, non-aRS or MRS), the application of aRS and MRS treatments alone or in combination could all promote plant growth, increase root activity and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The yield for the aRS + MRS treatment increased by 463.64% in 2017 compared with control
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- aRS + MRSe5
- Outcome
- yielde5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 463.64%e5
- Comparator
- control (CK, non-aRS or MRS)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum seriously restricts tomato production and no effective control measures are available”
e4“Compared with control (CK, non-aRS or MRS), the application of aRS and MRS treatments alone or in combination could all promote plant growth, increase root activity and yield”
e5“the yield for the treatment of aRS + MRS increased by 463.64% in 2017”
Claim · model-written summary
aRS and MRS alone or in combination significantly increased soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- aRS and MRS treatments alone or in combinatione6
- Outcome
- soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphoruse6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum seriously restricts tomato production and no effective control measures are available”
e6“Soil nutrients, including soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium contents were also significantly increased by the application of aRS and MRS treatments alone or in combination (P < 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
aRS and MRS alone or in combination significantly increased soil total potassium contents
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- aRS and MRS treatments alone or in combinatione6
- Outcome
- total potassium contentse6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum seriously restricts tomato production and no effective control measures are available”
e6“Soil nutrients, including soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium contents were also significantly increased by the application of aRS and MRS treatments alone or in combination (P < 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
MRS alone or with aRS changed soil from acidic to neutral, which is one of the key factors for controlling BW
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- MRS or in combination with aRSe7
- Outcome
- from acidic to neutrale7
- Direction
- changede7
- Qualifier
- one of the key factors for controlling BWe7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum seriously restricts tomato production and no effective control measures are available”
e7“The application of MRS or in combination with aRS changed the soil from acidic to neutral, which is one of the key factors for controlling BW”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined aRS and MRS treatment increased soil urease activity
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- combined use of aRS and MRSe7
- Outcome
- ureasee7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Value
- 87.37% in 2017 and 60.89% in 2018e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum seriously restricts tomato production and no effective control measures are available”
e7“The soil enzymatic activities were notably influenced by the combined use of aRS and MRS, which increased urease (87.37% in 2017 and 60.89% in 2018), catalase (93.67% in 2017 and 279.37% in 2018) and alkaline phosphatase activities (193.77% in 2017 and 455.73% in 2018)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined aRS and MRS treatment increased soil catalase activity
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- combined use of aRS and MRSe7
- Outcome
- catalasee7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Value
- 93.67% in 2017 and 279.37% in 2018e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum seriously restricts tomato production and no effective control measures are available”
e7“The soil enzymatic activities were notably influenced by the combined use of aRS and MRS, which increased urease (87.37% in 2017 and 60.89% in 2018), catalase (93.67% in 2017 and 279.37% in 2018) and alkaline phosphatase activities (193.77% in 2017 and 455.73% in 2018)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined aRS and MRS treatment increased soil alkaline phosphatase activity
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- combined use of aRS and MRSe7
- Outcome
- alkaline phosphatase activitiese7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Value
- 193.77% in 2017 and 455.73% in 2018e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tomato bacterial wilt (BW) caused by Ralstonia solanacearum seriously restricts tomato production and no effective control measures are available”
e7“The soil enzymatic activities were notably influenced by the combined use of aRS and MRS, which increased urease (87.37% in 2017 and 60.89% in 2018), catalase (93.67% in 2017 and 279.37% in 2018) and alkaline phosphatase activities (193.77% in 2017 and 455.73% in 2018)”
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See all 169 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.