Abstract
The toxicity of different insecticides was assessed against Aenasius arizonensis (Girault) (=Aenasius bambawalei Hayat) (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), a key endoparasitoid of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) on Bt cotton under semi-field conditions at the Entomological Research Farm, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana during kharif, 2015. Eight insecticides, viz. profenophos 50 EC, thiodicarb 75 WP, buprofezin 25 EC, imidacloprid 17.8 SL, flonicamid 50 WG, spiromesifen 240 SC, diafenthiuron 50 WP and sulfoxaflor 24 SC were sprayed at recommended field doses on potted cotton plants having parasitized mealybugs (mummies). Based on the per cent reduction in adult emergence over control, spiromesifen (11.11 %), buprofezin (11.11 %) and flonicamid (12.11 %) were categorized as harmless; imidacloprid (28.28 %) as slightly harmful; diafenthiuron (55.56 %) and thiodicarb (70.70 %) as moderately harmful, whereas, profenophos (100.0 %) and sulfoxaflor (100.0 %) were highly toxic to the parasitoid. Insecticides like spiromesifen, buprofezin and flonicamid can be viable option for use in integrated pest management strategies against sucking insect pests in cotton ecosystem.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Spiromesifen reduced adult parasitoid emergence by 11.11% relative to control and was categorized as harmless.
Verbatim
e0“Based on the per cent reduction in adult emergence over control, spiromesifen (11.11 %), buprofezin (11.11 %) and flonicamid (12.11 %) were categorized as harmless”
t0“Bt cotton”
e1“Aenasius arizonensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Buprofezin reduced adult parasitoid emergence by 11.11% relative to control and was categorized as harmless.
Verbatim
e0“Based on the per cent reduction in adult emergence over control, spiromesifen (11.11 %), buprofezin (11.11 %) and flonicamid (12.11 %) were categorized as harmless”
t0“Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Flonicamid reduced adult parasitoid emergence by 12.11% relative to control and was categorized as harmless.
Verbatim
e0“Based on the per cent reduction in adult emergence over control, spiromesifen (11.11 %), buprofezin (11.11 %) and flonicamid (12.11 %) were categorized as harmless”
t0“Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Imidacloprid reduced adult parasitoid emergence by 28.28% relative to control and was slightly harmful.
Verbatim
e0“imidacloprid (28.28 %) as slightly harmful”
e1“reduction in adult emergence over control”
t0“Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Diafenthiuron reduced adult parasitoid emergence by 55.56% relative to control and was moderately harmful.
Verbatim
e0“diafenthiuron (55.56 %) and thiodicarb (70.70 %) as moderately harmful”
e1“reduction in adult emergence over control”
t0“Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Thiodicarb reduced adult parasitoid emergence by 70.70% relative to control and was moderately harmful.
Verbatim
e0“diafenthiuron (55.56 %) and thiodicarb (70.70 %) as moderately harmful”
e1“reduction in adult emergence over control”
t0“Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Profenophos reduced adult parasitoid emergence by 100.0% relative to control and was highly toxic.
Verbatim
e0“profenophos (100.0 %) and sulfoxaflor (100.0 %) were highly toxic to the parasitoid”
e1“reduction in adult emergence over control”
t0“Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfoxaflor reduced adult parasitoid emergence by 100.0% relative to control and was highly toxic.
Verbatim
e0“profenophos (100.0 %) and sulfoxaflor (100.0 %) were highly toxic to the parasitoid”
e1“reduction in adult emergence over control”
t0“Bt cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend spiromesifen, buprofezin and flonicamid as viable options for integrated pest management of sucking cotton pests.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- spiromesifen, buprofezin and flonicamide0
- Outcome
- viable option for use in integrated pest management strategiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Insecticides like spiromesifen, buprofezin and flonicamid can be viable option for use in integrated pest management strategies against sucking insect pests in cotton ecosystem.”
The same questions in other papers
thiodicarb · pest · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
sulfoxaflor · pest · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
buprofezin · pest · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
8 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →diafenthiuron · pest · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
11 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →flonicamid · pest · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →imidacloprid · pest · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 27 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
28 papers more in this group
See all 32 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.