Paper · 2014 · Food Science

Effects of Composite Coating Consisting of Ginkgo biloba Leaf Extract and Sodium Alginate on Quality of Fresh-Cut 'Red Fuji' Apples

Zhang Mei-fan

7
claims
22
verbatim quotes
1
citations
1
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

The effects of coating with Ginkgo biloba leave extract (containing 0.5 mg/mL flavonoids) alone or with added sodium alginate (1%) on quality maintenance of fresh-cut ‘Red Fuji' apples were evaluated by monitoring changes in the color, firmness, weight loss, vitamin C content, phenol oxidase (PPO) activity, total bacterial count and sensory quality during storage 4 ℃. Both coatings effectively reduced the respiration rate and ethylene release capacity, inhibited the decreases in the contents of soluble solids, titratable acid and vitamin C, retarded in the reduction in weight loss and firmness, suppressed the growth of microorganisms on the surface of apples, maintained the activities of PPO and peroxidase(POD) at lower levels, and greatly preserved the quality of fresh-cut apples. Nevertheless, the composite coating was more effective.

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The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ginkgo biloba extract coatings reduced the respiration rate and ethylene release of fresh-cut apples.

Material
Red Fujit0
Treatment
coating with Ginkgo biloba leave extracte1
Outcome
respiration rate and ethylene release capacitye2
Direction
reducede2

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Fresh-Cut 'Red Fuji' Apples”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 104–131 · show in text ↑
e1

“The effects of coating with Ginkgo biloba leave extract (containing 0.5 mg/mL flavonoids) alone or with added sodium alginate (1%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–130 · show in text ↑
e2

“Both coatings effectively reduced the respiration rate and ethylene release capacity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 371–455 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ginkgo biloba extract coatings inhibited the decrease in soluble solids, titratable acid and vitamin C contents of fresh-cut apples.

Material
Red Fujit0
Treatment
coating with Ginkgo biloba leave extracte1
Outcome
contents of soluble solids, titratable acid and vitamin Ce3
Direction
inhibited the decreases ine3

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Fresh-Cut 'Red Fuji' Apples”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 104–131 · show in text ↑
e1

“The effects of coating with Ginkgo biloba leave extract (containing 0.5 mg/mL flavonoids) alone or with added sodium alginate (1%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–130 · show in text ↑
e3

“inhibited the decreases in the contents of soluble solids, titratable acid and vitamin C”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 457–545 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ginkgo biloba extract coatings retarded the reduction in weight loss and firmness of fresh-cut apples.

Material
Red Fujit0
Treatment
coating with Ginkgo biloba leave extracte1
Outcome
weight loss and firmnesse4
Direction
retarded in the reduction ine4

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Fresh-Cut 'Red Fuji' Apples”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 104–131 · show in text ↑
e1

“The effects of coating with Ginkgo biloba leave extract (containing 0.5 mg/mL flavonoids) alone or with added sodium alginate (1%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–130 · show in text ↑
e4

“retarded in the reduction in weight loss and firmness”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 547–600 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ginkgo biloba extract coatings suppressed the growth of microorganisms on the surface of fresh-cut apples.

Material
Red Fujit0
Treatment
coating with Ginkgo biloba leave extracte1
Interactor
microorganismse5other
Outcome
growth of microorganismse5
Direction
suppressede5

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Fresh-Cut 'Red Fuji' Apples”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 104–131 · show in text ↑
e1

“The effects of coating with Ginkgo biloba leave extract (containing 0.5 mg/mL flavonoids) alone or with added sodium alginate (1%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–130 · show in text ↑
e5

“suppressed the growth of microorganisms on the surface of apples”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 602–666 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ginkgo biloba extract coatings kept PPO and peroxidase (POD) activities at lower levels in fresh-cut apples.

Material
Red Fujit0
Treatment
coating with Ginkgo biloba leave extracte1
Outcome
activities of PPO and peroxidase(POD)e6
Direction
at lower levelse6

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Fresh-Cut 'Red Fuji' Apples”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 104–131 · show in text ↑
e1

“The effects of coating with Ginkgo biloba leave extract (containing 0.5 mg/mL flavonoids) alone or with added sodium alginate (1%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–130 · show in text ↑
e6

“maintained the activities of PPO and peroxidase(POD) at lower levels”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 668–736 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ginkgo biloba extract coatings greatly preserved the quality of fresh-cut apples.

Material
Red Fujit0
Treatment
coating with Ginkgo biloba leave extracte1
Outcome
qualitye7
Direction
greatly preservede7

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Fresh-Cut 'Red Fuji' Apples”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 104–131 · show in text ↑
e1

“The effects of coating with Ginkgo biloba leave extract (containing 0.5 mg/mL flavonoids) alone or with added sodium alginate (1%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–130 · show in text ↑
e7

“greatly preserved the quality of fresh-cut apples”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 742–791 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The composite coating (Ginkgo biloba extract with sodium alginate) was more effective in maintaining quality of fresh-cut apples than the Ginkgo biloba extract coating alone.

Material
Red Fujit0
Treatment
composite coatinge2
Outcome
quality maintenancee0
Direction
more effectivee2
Comparator
coating with Ginkgo biloba leave extract (containing 0.5 mg/mL flavonoids) alonee1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Malus domestica
Malus domestica · TaxonW.carter · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Fresh-Cut 'Red Fuji' Apples”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 104–131 · show in text ↑
e0

“on quality maintenance of fresh-cut”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 131–166 · show in text ↑
e1

“The effects of coating with Ginkgo biloba leave extract (containing 0.5 mg/mL flavonoids) alone or with added sodium alginate (1%)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–130 · show in text ↑
e2

“Nevertheless, the composite coating was more effective”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 793–847 · show in text ↑

botanical · quality: sugar starch · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results

8 papers: 7 positive, 1 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
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storage · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results

15 papers: 10 positive, 5 negative or no effect

9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

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botanical · growth · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results

17 papers: 15 positive, 2 negative or no effect

14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

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  2. negative
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storage · growth · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results

18 papers: 17 positive, 1 negative or no effect

16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
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botanical · quality: postharvest · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results

24 papers: 23 positive, 1 negative or no effect

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storage · physiology: hormones · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results

29 papers: 25 positive, 4 negative or no effect

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storage · quality: sugar starch · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results

34 papers: 21 positive, 13 negative or no effect

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storage · quality: general · Malus domestica (apple)Positive and negative results

46 papers: 36 positive, 10 negative or no effect

35 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

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8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.