Abstract
By using light emitting diode(LED) to accurately modulate spectral energy distribution,and with fluorescent light as the control,this paper studied the effects of light quality on the growth and chloroplast ultrastructure of tomato and lettuce seedlings.Under red LED,the soluble sugar,starch,and carbohydrate contents of tomato and lettuce seedlings were significantly higher than those under fluorescent light,and the starch grains in chloroplast swelled obviously.Under blue LED,the hypocotyl length of tomato seedlings were restrained remarkably,but the leaf chlorophyll a and carotenoid contents of tomato and lettuce seedlings were increased significantly.Under red + blue LED,the soluble sugar,starch,carbohydrate,and sucrose contents and C/N ratio of lettuce seedlings reached the maximal and were significantly higher than those under red LED,the main root length of the seedlings increased significantly,their leaf chloroplast morphology was normal,granum number increased,stroma lamellae was clear,but the starch grain size was smaller than that under red LED.The results suggested that light quality had remarkable effects on the photomorpho-genesis,growth,carbon and nitrogen metabolism,and chloroplast development of plant seedlings.Red LED promoted the accumulation of photosynthates but hindered their transport,while adding appropriate amount of blue LED to red LED could more benefit the accumulation of photosynthates in lettuce seedlings,and promote the seedlings root growth and the export of assimilation products.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Red LED raised soluble sugar, starch and carbohydrate contents of tomato seedlings relative to fluorescent light.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Treatment
- red LEDe1
- Outcome
- soluble sugar,starch,and carbohydrate contentse1
- Direction
- significantly highere1
- Comparator
- fluorescent lighte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with fluorescent light as the control”
e1“Under red LED,the soluble sugar,starch,and carbohydrate contents of tomato and lettuce seedlings were significantly higher than those under fluorescent light”
Claim · model-written summary
Red LED raised soluble sugar, starch and carbohydrate contents of lettuce seedlings relative to fluorescent light.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativae1 - Treatment
- red LEDe1
- Outcome
- soluble sugar,starch,and carbohydrate contentse1
- Direction
- significantly highere1
- Comparator
- fluorescent lighte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with fluorescent light as the control”
e1“Under red LED,the soluble sugar,starch,and carbohydrate contents of tomato and lettuce seedlings were significantly higher than those under fluorescent light”
Claim · model-written summary
Red LED swelled starch grains in chloroplasts of tomato and lettuce seedlings.
- Taxon
- tomato and lettuce seedlingsSolanum lycopersicumLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- red LEDe1
- Outcome
- starch grains in chloroplaste6
- Direction
- swelled obviouslye6
- Comparator
- fluorescent lighte1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Under red LED,the soluble sugar,starch,and carbohydrate contents of tomato and lettuce seedlings were significantly higher than those under fluorescent light”
e6“the starch grains in chloroplast swelled obviously”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue LED restrained hypocotyl length of tomato seedlings relative to fluorescent light.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- blue LEDe2
- Outcome
- hypocotyl lengthe2
- Direction
- restrained remarkablye2
- Comparator
- fluorescent lighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with fluorescent light as the control”
e2“Under blue LED,the hypocotyl length of tomato seedlings were restrained remarkably,but the leaf chlorophyll a and carotenoid contents of tomato and lettuce seedlings were increased significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue LED increased leaf chlorophyll a and carotenoid contents of tomato seedlings relative to fluorescent light.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- blue LEDe2
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll a and carotenoid contentse2
- Direction
- increased significantlye2
- Comparator
- fluorescent lighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with fluorescent light as the control”
e2“Under blue LED,the hypocotyl length of tomato seedlings were restrained remarkably,but the leaf chlorophyll a and carotenoid contents of tomato and lettuce seedlings were increased significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Blue LED increased leaf chlorophyll a and carotenoid contents of lettuce seedlings relative to fluorescent light.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae2
- Treatment
- blue LEDe2
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll a and carotenoid contentse2
- Direction
- increased significantlye2
- Comparator
- fluorescent lighte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with fluorescent light as the control”
e2“Under blue LED,the hypocotyl length of tomato seedlings were restrained remarkably,but the leaf chlorophyll a and carotenoid contents of tomato and lettuce seedlings were increased significantly”
Claim · model-written summary
Red plus blue LED raised soluble sugar, starch and carbohydrate contents of lettuce seedlings above red LED.
- Taxon
- lettuce seedlingsLactuca sativae3
- Treatment
- red + blue LEDe3
- Outcome
- soluble sugar,starch,carbohydratee3
- Direction
- significantly highere3
- Comparator
- red LEDe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Under red + blue LED,the soluble sugar,starch,carbohydrate,and sucrose contents and C/N ratio of lettuce seedlings reached the maximal and were significantly higher than those under red LED,the main root length of the seedlings increased significantly,their leaf chloroplast morphology was normal,granum number increased,stroma lamellae was clear,but the starch grain size was smaller than that under red LED”
Claim · model-written summary
Red plus blue LED raised sucrose contents and C/N ratio of lettuce seedlings above red LED.
- Taxon
- lettuce seedlingsLactuca sativae3
- Treatment
- red + blue LEDe3
- Outcome
- sucrose contents and C/N ratioe3
- Direction
- significantly highere3
- Comparator
- red LEDe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Under red + blue LED,the soluble sugar,starch,carbohydrate,and sucrose contents and C/N ratio of lettuce seedlings reached the maximal and were significantly higher than those under red LED,the main root length of the seedlings increased significantly,their leaf chloroplast morphology was normal,granum number increased,stroma lamellae was clear,but the starch grain size was smaller than that under red LED”
Claim · model-written summary
Red plus blue LED increased main root length of lettuce seedlings.
- Taxon
- lettuce seedlingsLactuca sativae3
- Treatment
- red + blue LEDe3
- Outcome
- main root lengthe3
- Direction
- increased significantlye3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Under red + blue LED,the soluble sugar,starch,carbohydrate,and sucrose contents and C/N ratio of lettuce seedlings reached the maximal and were significantly higher than those under red LED,the main root length of the seedlings increased significantly,their leaf chloroplast morphology was normal,granum number increased,stroma lamellae was clear,but the starch grain size was smaller than that under red LED”
Claim · model-written summary
Red plus blue LED increased granum number in lettuce seedling chloroplasts.
- Taxon
- lettuce seedlingsLactuca sativae3
- Treatment
- red + blue LEDe3
- Outcome
- granum numbere3
- Direction
- increasede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Under red + blue LED,the soluble sugar,starch,carbohydrate,and sucrose contents and C/N ratio of lettuce seedlings reached the maximal and were significantly higher than those under red LED,the main root length of the seedlings increased significantly,their leaf chloroplast morphology was normal,granum number increased,stroma lamellae was clear,but the starch grain size was smaller than that under red LED”
Claim · model-written summary
Red plus blue LED gave smaller starch grains in lettuce seedling chloroplasts than red LED.
- Taxon
- lettuce seedlingsLactuca sativae3
- Treatment
- red + blue LEDe3
- Outcome
- starch grain sizee3
- Direction
- smallere3
- Comparator
- red LEDe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Under red + blue LED,the soluble sugar,starch,carbohydrate,and sucrose contents and C/N ratio of lettuce seedlings reached the maximal and were significantly higher than those under red LED,the main root length of the seedlings increased significantly,their leaf chloroplast morphology was normal,granum number increased,stroma lamellae was clear,but the starch grain size was smaller than that under red LED”
Claim · model-written summary
Red LED promoted accumulation of photosynthates in plant seedlings.
Verbatim
e4“The results suggested that light quality had remarkable effects on the photomorpho-genesis,growth,carbon and nitrogen metabolism,and chloroplast development of plant seedlings”
e5“Red LED promoted the accumulation of photosynthates but hindered their transport”
Claim · model-written summary
Red LED hindered transport of photosynthates in plant seedlings.
Verbatim
e4“The results suggested that light quality had remarkable effects on the photomorpho-genesis,growth,carbon and nitrogen metabolism,and chloroplast development of plant seedlings”
e5“Red LED promoted the accumulation of photosynthates but hindered their transport”
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