Abstract
Impact of controlled illumination spectrum on photosynthetic system and productivity of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Grand Rapids) grown in phytotron was investigated. The variable-spectrum lighting modules were designed using four types of high-power light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with emission peaked in red at the wavelengths of 660 nm and 640 nm, in blue at 455 nm, and in far-red at 735 nm. Biometric characteristics, pigments content and photosynthesis intensity in lettuce grown under eight different light irradiance were measured and compared. A corresponding experiment under a conventional high-pressure sodium lamp was also performed for reference. The treatments were carried out under photoperiod of 14 h and 21/15˚C (day/night) temperature. Lettuce was grown for 29 days after sowing in a phytotron chamber. Stomata size of lettuce grown under LED was larger than that of the plants growing under high-pressure sodium lamp. The lowest number and largest size of stomata were observed under light without the red component, peaked at 660 nm. Elimination of the blue component (455 nm) resulted in an enhancement of fresh mass production and increased leaf area, but the photosynthetic productivity did not show similar effect. The chlorophylls content in lettuce leaves was high during the entire growth period, but strongly decreased at the end of the treatment without blue light. The photosynthesis in lettuce leaves was most intensive under irradiance without the far-red component (735 nm). We conclude that productivity of lettuce can be optimized by adjusting the light spectrum and flux density.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
LED lighting produced larger lettuce stomata than high-pressure sodium lighting.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativae0 - Treatment
- LEDe0
- Outcome
- Stomata sizee0
- Direction
- largere0
- Comparator
- high-pressure sodium lampe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LETTUCE”
e0“Stomata size of lettuce grown under LED was larger than that of the plants growing under high-pressure sodium lamp.”
Claim · model-written summary
Light without the 660 nm red component produced the lowest stomata number.
- Taxon
- LETTUCELactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- light without the red component, peaked at 660 nme0
- Outcome
- numbere0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LETTUCE”
e0“The lowest number and largest size of stomata were observed under light without the red component, peaked at 660 nm.”
Claim · model-written summary
Light without the 660 nm red component produced the largest stomata size.
- Taxon
- LETTUCELactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- light without the red component, peaked at 660 nme0
- Outcome
- size of stomatae0
- Direction
- largeste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LETTUCE”
e0“The lowest number and largest size of stomata were observed under light without the red component, peaked at 660 nm.”
Claim · model-written summary
Removing the blue component increased fresh mass production and leaf area.
- Taxon
- LETTUCELactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Elimination of the blue component (455 nm)e0
- Outcome
- fresh mass production and increased leaf areae0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LETTUCE”
e0“Elimination of the blue component (455 nm) resulted in an enhancement of fresh mass production and increased leaf area, but the photosynthetic productivity did not show similar effect.”
Claim · model-written summary
Removing the blue component did not yield a similar increase in photosynthetic productivity.
- Taxon
- LETTUCELactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Elimination of the blue component (455 nm)e0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic productivitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LETTUCE”
e0“Elimination of the blue component (455 nm) resulted in an enhancement of fresh mass production and increased leaf area, but the photosynthetic productivity did not show similar effect.”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content fell strongly at the end of the blue-light-free treatment.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- treatment without blue lighte0
- Outcome
- chlorophylls contente0
- Direction
- strongly decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LETTUCE”
e0“The chlorophylls content in lettuce leaves was high during the entire growth period, but strongly decreased at the end of the treatment without blue light.”
Claim · model-written summary
Lettuce leaf photosynthesis was most intense without the far-red component.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- irradiance without the far-red component (735 nm)e0
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- most intensivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LETTUCE”
e0“The photosynthesis in lettuce leaves was most intensive under irradiance without the far-red component (735 nm).”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude lettuce productivity can be optimized by adjusting light spectrum and flux density.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae0
- Treatment
- adjusting the light spectrum and flux densitye0
- Outcome
- productivitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“LETTUCE”
e0“We conclude that productivity of lettuce can be optimized by adjusting the light spectrum and flux density.”
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See all 75 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.