Abstract
It is common for plants in the retail market to receive inadequate water and lose aesthetic value within a short period of time. The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) is naturally produced in response to drought conditions and reduces transpiration (E) by closing the stomata. Thus, ABA may lengthen shelf life of retail plants by reducing water loss. Two studies were conducted to look at effects of ABA on plant water use and shelf life over a 13-day period and short-term effects of ABA on leaf physiology. The objective of the short-term study was to determine how quickly 100-mL drenches of 250 mg·L −1 ABA solution affect leaf gas exchange of tomatoes ( Solanum lycopersicum ‘Supersweet 100’). ABA drenches reduced stomatal conductance ( g S ), E, and photosynthetic rate (P n ) within 60 min. After 2 h, E, g s , and P n were reduced by 66%, 72%, and 55% respectively, compared with the control plants. In the13-day study, ABA was applied to tomatoes as a 100-mL drench at concentrations ranging from 0 to 1000 mg·L −1 and ABA effects on water use and time to wilting were quantified. Half of the plants were not watered after ABA application, whereas the other plants were watered as needed. In general, higher ABA concentrations resulted in less water use by both well-watered and unwatered plants. ABA delayed wilting of unwatered plants by 2 to 8 days (dependent on the dose) as compared with control plants. In well-watered plants, ABA reduced daily evapotranspiration (ET) for 5 days, after which there were no further ABA effects. Negative side effects of the ABA application were rate-dependent chlorosis of the lower leaves followed by leaf abscission. These studies demonstrate that ABA drenches rapidly close stomata, limit transpirational water loss, and can extend the shelf life of retail plants by up to 8 days, which exemplifies its potential as a commercially applied plant growth regulator.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
ABA drenches reduced stomatal conductance, transpiration and photosynthetic rate within 60 min.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- ABA drenchese0
- Outcome
- stomatal conductance ( g S ), E, and photosynthetic rate (P n )e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- within 60 mine0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ABA drenches reduced stomatal conductance ( g S ), E, and photosynthetic rate (P n ) within 60 min.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
After 2 h, ABA reduced E by 66% versus controls.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- Ee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 66%e0
- Qualifier
- After 2 he0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 2 h, E, g s , and P n were reduced by 66%, 72%, and 55% respectively, compared with the control plants.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
After 2 h, ABA reduced g s by 72% versus controls.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- g se0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 72%e0
- Qualifier
- After 2 he0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 2 h, E, g s , and P n were reduced by 66%, 72%, and 55% respectively, compared with the control plants.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
After 2 h, ABA reduced P n by 55% versus controls.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- P ne0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 55%e0
- Qualifier
- After 2 he0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After 2 h, E, g s , and P n were reduced by 66%, 72%, and 55% respectively, compared with the control plants.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher ABA concentrations lowered water use in well-watered and unwatered tomato plants.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- higher ABA concentrationse0
- Outcome
- water usee0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Qualifier
- both well-watered and unwatered plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In general, higher ABA concentrations resulted in less water use by both well-watered and unwatered plants.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA delayed wilting of unwatered tomatoes by 2 to 8 days relative to controls.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- wiltinge0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Value
- 2 to 8 dayse0
- Qualifier
- unwatered plantse0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ABA delayed wilting of unwatered plants by 2 to 8 days (dependent on the dose) as compared with control plants.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA reduced daily evapotranspiration in well-watered tomatoes for five days.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- daily evapotranspiration (ET)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 5 dayse0
- Qualifier
- well-watered plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In well-watered plants, ABA reduced daily evapotranspiration (ET) for 5 days, after which there were no further ABA effects.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
After five days, ABA no longer affected daily evapotranspiration in well-watered tomatoes.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ABAe0
- Outcome
- daily evapotranspiration (ET)e0
- Direction
- no further ABA effectse0
- Qualifier
- after which there were no further ABA effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In well-watered plants, ABA reduced daily evapotranspiration (ET) for 5 days, after which there were no further ABA effects.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA caused dose-dependent chlorosis in lower leaves.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ABA applicatione0
- Outcome
- chlorosis of the lower leavese0
- Qualifier
- rate-dependente0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Negative side effects of the ABA application were rate-dependent chlorosis of the lower leaves followed by leaf abscission.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA caused leaf abscission after lower-leaf chlorosis.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ABA applicatione0
- Outcome
- leaf abscissione0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Negative side effects of the ABA application were rate-dependent chlorosis of the lower leaves followed by leaf abscission.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA drenches rapidly close stomata.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ABA drenchese0
- Outcome
- close stomatae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These studies demonstrate that ABA drenches rapidly close stomata, limit transpirational water loss, and can extend the shelf life of retail plants by up to 8 days, which exemplifies its potential as a commercially applied plant growth regulator.”
t0“Tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA drenches can extend retail plant shelf life by up to 8 days.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ABA drenchese0
- Outcome
- shelf life of retail plantse0
- Direction
- extende0
- Value
- up to 8 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These studies demonstrate that ABA drenches rapidly close stomata, limit transpirational water loss, and can extend the shelf life of retail plants by up to 8 days, which exemplifies its potential as a commercially applied plant growth regulator.”
t0“Tomato”
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