Abstract
Vegetable transplants grown in commercial high-density trays can quickly outgrow the optimal size for shipping and transplanting, limiting transplant performance, and marketing flexibility for commercial nurseries. Abscisic acid (ABA) and uniconazole can suppress shoot growth by inducing stress-adaptive responses and inhibiting gibberellin synthesis, respectively. We evaluated the effectiveness of the two growth regulators in prolonging marketability of ‘Florida 91’ and ‘Mariana’ tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) transplants at commercial nursery greenhouses in Texas and Florida. Spray treatments in the Texas experiment were 0 and 3.8 m m ABA at 7, 5, 3, or 1 days before maturity (DBM), and those in the Florida experiment were no spray control, 3.8 m m ABA at 7, 5, 3, or 1 DBM, and 34 μ m uniconazole at 4 DBM. Both ABA and uniconazole showed minimal cultivar-specific effects. Different growth modifications were induced by ABA and uniconazole. First, suppression of stem elongation by ABA was reversible by 7 days after maturity (DAM), whereas that by uniconazole lasted for 20 days or until 16 DAM with up to 15% suppression in stem elongation. Second, only ABA inhibited leaf expansion and shoot dry matter accumulation. The primary growth-modulating effect of uniconazole was limited to height control, which is beneficial for producing compact transplants, rather than as a growth holding strategy. By contrast, the overall growth suppression by ABA is desirable for prolonging transplant marketability. Importantly, the magnitude of this growth suppression was moderate (up to 22% shoot biomass reduction at 8 DAM) and transient, followed by a rapid recovery. Furthermore, ABA caused relatively smaller inhibition in root growth, allowing sufficient root development and increasing the root-to-shoot ratio at 0 to 8 DAM. The growth suppression by ABA was maximal when it was applied at 7 to 5 DBM, indicating the age-dependent sensitivity of tomato seedlings to exogenous ABA. Although leaf chlorosis was induced by ABA in a similar age-dependent manner, it was transient and reversible by 7 DAM. These results suggest that ABA application 7 to 5 DBM is an effective growth holding strategy for tomato transplants.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
ABA and uniconazole had minimal cultivar-specific effects on tomato transplants.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Outcome
- cultivar-specific effectse0
- Qualifier
- minimale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Transplants”
e0“Both ABA and uniconazole showed minimal cultivar-specific effects”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA suppressed stem elongation of tomato transplants, reversibly by 7 days after maturity.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ABAe1
- Outcome
- stem elongatione1
- Direction
- suppressione1
- Qualifier
- reversible by 7 days after maturity (DAM)e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Transplants”
e1“suppression of stem elongation by ABA was reversible by 7 days after maturity (DAM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Uniconazole suppressed stem elongation of tomato transplants by up to 15%, lasting 20 days or until 16 DAM.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- uniconazolee2
- Outcome
- stem elongatione2
- Direction
- suppressione2
- Value
- up to 15%e2
- Qualifier
- lasted for 20 days or until 16 DAMe2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Transplants”
e2“that by uniconazole lasted for 20 days or until 16 DAM with up to 15% suppression in stem elongation”
Claim · model-written summary
Only ABA inhibited leaf expansion and shoot dry matter accumulation of tomato transplants.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ABAe3
- Outcome
- leaf expansion and shoot dry matter accumulatione3
- Direction
- inhibitede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Transplants”
e3“only ABA inhibited leaf expansion and shoot dry matter accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Uniconazole effect on tomato transplants was limited to height control.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- uniconazolee4
- Outcome
- height controle4
- Direction
- limitede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Transplants”
e4“The primary growth-modulating effect of uniconazole was limited to height control”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth suppression by ABA is desirable for prolonging tomato transplant marketability.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- prolonging transplant marketabilitye5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Transplants”
e5“the overall growth suppression by ABA is desirable for prolonging transplant marketability”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA reduced shoot biomass of tomato transplants by up to 22% at 8 DAM, moderately and transiently.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ABAe5
- Outcome
- shoot biomasse6
- Direction
- reductione6
- Value
- up to 22%e6
- Qualifier
- at 8 DAMe6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Transplants”
e6“the magnitude of this growth suppression was moderate (up to 22% shoot biomass reduction at 8 DAM) and transient”
e5“by ABA is desirable”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA caused smaller inhibition of root growth in tomato transplants.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ABAe7
- Outcome
- root growthe7
- Direction
- smaller inhibitione7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Transplants”
e7“ABA caused relatively smaller inhibition in root growth, allowing sufficient root development and increasing the root-to-shoot ratio at 0 to 8 DAM”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA increased the root-to-shoot ratio of tomato transplants at 0 to 8 DAM.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ABAe7
- Outcome
- root-to-shoot ratioe7
- Direction
- increasinge7
- Qualifier
- at 0 to 8 DAMe7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Transplants”
e7“ABA caused relatively smaller inhibition in root growth, allowing sufficient root development and increasing the root-to-shoot ratio at 0 to 8 DAM”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth suppression by ABA was maximal when ABA was applied at 7 to 5 DBM.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ABAe6
- Outcome
- growth suppressione6
- Direction
- maximale6
- Qualifier
- applied at 7 to 5 DBMe6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Transplants”
e6“The growth suppression by ABA was maximal when it was applied at 7 to 5 DBM, indicating the age-dependent sensitivity of tomato seedlings to exogenous ABA”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA induced transient leaf chlorosis in tomato transplants, reversible by 7 DAM.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- ABAe7
- Outcome
- leaf chlorosise7
- Direction
- inducede7
- Qualifier
- transient and reversible by 7 DAMe7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Transplants”
e7“Although leaf chlorosis was induced by ABA in a similar age-dependent manner, it was transient and reversible by 7 DAM”
Claim · model-written summary
ABA application at 7 to 5 DBM is an effective growth holding strategy for tomato transplants.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- effective growth holding strategye7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tomato Transplants”
e7“These results suggest that ABA application 7 to 5 DBM is an effective growth holding strategy for tomato transplants”
The same questions in other papers
(+)-abscisic acid · physiology: pigments · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
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- positive
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See all 7 papers →uniconazole · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results differ
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
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See all 22 papers →(+)-abscisic acid · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
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uniconazole · control · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.