Abstract
Although glyphosate controls many plant species, certain broadleaf weeds in Nebraska's cropping systems exhibit various levels of tolerance to the labeled rates of this herbicide, including ivyleaf morningglory, Venice mallow, yellow sweetclover, common lambsquarters, velvetleaf, kochia, Russian thistle, and field bindweed. Therefore, two field studies were conducted in 2004 and 2005 at Concord and North Platte, NE, to evaluate performance of (1) seven preemergence (PRE) herbicides and (2) glyphosate tank mixes applied postemergence (POST) at three application times for control of eight weed species that are perceived as problem weeds in glyphosate-resistant soybean in Nebraska. The PRE herbicides, including sulfentrazone plus chlorimuron, pendimethalin plus imazethapyr, imazaquin, and pendimethalin plus imazethapyr plus imazaquin provided more than 85% control of most weed species tested in this study 28 d after treatment (DAT). However, sulfentrazone plus chlorimuron and pendimethalin plus imazethapyr plus imazaquin were the only PRE treatments that provided more than 80% control of most weed species 60 DAT. In the POST glyphosate tank-mix study, the level of weed control was significantly affected by the timing of herbicide application; control generally decreased as weed height increased. In general, glyphosate tank mixes applied at the first two application times (early or mid-POST) with half label rates of lactofen, imazamox, imazethapyr, fomesafen, imazaquin, or acifluorfen, provided more than 80% control of all species that were 20 to 30 cm tall except ivyleaf morningglory, Venice mallow, yellow sweetclover, and field bindweed. Glyphosate tank mixes applied late POST with lactofen, imazethapyr, or imazaquin provided more than 70% control of common lambsquarters, velvetleaf, kochia, and Russian thistle that were 30 to 50 cm tall. Overall, glyphosate tank mixes with half label rates of chlorimuron or acifluorfen were the best treatments; they provided more than 80% control of all the studied weed species when applied at early growth stages. Results of this study suggested that mixing glyphosate with other POST broadleaf herbicides, or utilizing soil-applied herbicides after crop planting helped effectively control most problematic weeds in glyphosate-resistant soybean in Nebraska.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Several PRE herbicides controlled most tested weeds by more than 85% at 28 DAT.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- PRE herbicidese0
- Outcome
- control of most weed speciese0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- more than 85%e0
- Qualifier
- 28 d after treatment (DAT)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The PRE herbicides, including sulfentrazone plus chlorimuron, pendimethalin plus imazethapyr, imazaquin, and pendimethalin plus imazethapyr plus imazaquin provided more than 85% control of most weed species tested in this study 28 d after treatment (DAT)”
e1“problem weeds in glyphosate-resistant soybean in Nebraska”
Claim · model-written summary
Only sulfentrazone plus chlorimuron and pendimethalin plus imazethapyr plus imazaquin gave over 80% control of most weeds at 60 DAT.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- sulfentrazone plus chlorimuron and pendimethalin plus imazethapyr plus imazaquine0
- Outcome
- control of most weed speciese0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- more than 80%e0
- Qualifier
- 60 DATe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sulfentrazone plus chlorimuron and pendimethalin plus imazethapyr plus imazaquin were the only PRE treatments that provided more than 80% control of most weed species 60 DAT”
e1“problem weeds in glyphosate-resistant soybean in Nebraska”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control significantly decreased as weed height increased with application delay.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- timing of herbicide applicatione0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed controle0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the level of weed control was significantly affected by the timing of herbicide application; control generally decreased as weed height increased”
e1“problem weeds in glyphosate-resistant soybean in Nebraska”
Claim · model-written summary
Early or mid POST glyphosate mixes with half label rates of six herbicides controlled eligible weeds by over 80%, except four named species.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- glyphosate tank mixes applied at the first two application times (early or mid-POST) with half label rates of lactofen, imazamox, imazethapyr, fomesafen, imazaquin, or acifluorfene0
- Outcome
- control of all speciese0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- more than 80%e0
- Qualifier
- 20 to 30 cm tall except ivyleaf morningglory, Venice mallow, yellow sweetclover, and field bindweede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glyphosate tank mixes applied at the first two application times (early or mid-POST) with half label rates of lactofen, imazamox, imazethapyr, fomesafen, imazaquin, or acifluorfen, provided more than 80% control of all species that were 20 to 30 cm tall except ivyleaf morningglory, Venice mallow, yellow sweetclover, and field bindweed”
e1“problem weeds in glyphosate-resistant soybean in Nebraska”
Claim · model-written summary
Late POST glyphosate mixes with lactofen, imazethapyr or imazaquin controlled four weeds over 70%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- Glyphosate tank mixes applied late POST with lactofen, imazethapyr, or imazaquine0
- Outcome
- control of common lambsquarters, velvetleaf, kochia, and Russian thistlee0
- Direction
- controle0
- Value
- more than 70%e0
- Qualifier
- 30 to 50 cm talle0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Glyphosate tank mixes applied late POST with lactofen, imazethapyr, or imazaquin provided more than 70% control of common lambsquarters, velvetleaf, kochia, and Russian thistle that were 30 to 50 cm tall”
e1“problem weeds in glyphosate-resistant soybean in Nebraska”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate mixes with half rates of chlorimuron or acifluorfen were best, giving over 80% control of all studied weeds at early growth stages.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- glyphosate tank mixes with half label rates of chlorimuron or acifluorfene0
- Outcome
- control of all the studied weed speciese0
- Direction
- beste0
- Value
- more than 80%e0
- Qualifier
- early growth stagese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“glyphosate tank mixes with half label rates of chlorimuron or acifluorfen were the best treatments; they provided more than 80% control of all the studied weed species when applied at early growth stages”
e1“problem weeds in glyphosate-resistant soybean in Nebraska”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggest mixing glyphosate with other POST broadleaf herbicides or using soil-applied herbicides after planting for problem weed control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- mixing glyphosate with other POST broadleaf herbicides, or utilizing soil-applied herbicides after crop plantinge0
- Outcome
- control most problematic weedse0
- Setting
- Nebraskae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mixing glyphosate with other POST broadleaf herbicides, or utilizing soil-applied herbicides after crop planting helped effectively control most problematic weeds in glyphosate-resistant soybean in Nebraska”
The same questions in other papers
imazaquin · weed · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
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7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
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17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
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17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
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See all 21 papers →fomesafen · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
18 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
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See all 22 papers →Imazethapyr · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
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See all 25 papers →imazaquin · control · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
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- no effect
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See all 25 papers →pendimethalin · weed · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
43 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
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See all 50 papers →8 of 15 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.