Abstract
Field research conducted over 3 yr evaluated the utility of preemergence (PRE), soil-applied herbicides at half- and full-label rates in glyphosate-resistant soybean. Soil-applied herbicide treatments at full-label rates included pendimethalin plus imazaquin (0.84 0.14 kg ai/ha), pendimethalin (1.12 kg/ha), metolachlor (1.68 kg ai/ha), dimethenamid plus imazaquin (1.0 0.14 kg ai/ha), sulfentrazone plus chlorimuron (0.22 0.04 kg ai/ha), and metribuzin plus chlorimuron (0.36 0.06 kg ai/ha). Weed density and growth were reduced when PRE herbicides were used, and in many cases for broadleaf weeds, half-label rates were as effective as full rates. None of the herbicides provided complete control of all weeds. Sulfentrazone plus chlorimuron reduced ivyleaf morningglory density an average of 90%. For hemp sesbania, metribuzin plus chlorimuron reduced weed emergence over 3 yr at least 95%. The initial glyphosate application was made when the largest weeds, barnyardgrass or hemp sesbania, reached 10 cm. In 1998 all soil-applied herbicide treatments extended the time period of glyphosate application by 3 to 5 d when compared with the nontreated control. In 1999 the full rate of metribuzin plus chlorimuron delayed the application of glyphosate by 6 d, and an extension of 7 d was noted for the full rates of sulfentrazone or metribuzin plus chlorimuron in 2000. When soil-applied herbicides were used each year, only a single application of glyphosate was needed. A second glyphosate application was needed in only 1 yr when soil-applied herbicides were not used. Even though differences in weed control were observed among the herbicide treatments, soybean yield was the same.Nomenclature: Chlorimuron; dimethenamid; glyphosate; imazaquin; metolachlor; metribuzin; pendimethalin; sulfentrazone; barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. #3 ECHCG; hemp sesbania, Sesbania exaltata (Raf.) Rydb. ex A. W. Hill # SEBEX; ivyleaf morningglory, Ipomoea hederacea (L.) Jacq. # IPOHE; prickly sida, Sida spinosa L. # SIDSP; redweed, Melochia corchorifolia L. # MEOCO; soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. ‘Asgrow 5901 RR’.Additional index words: Application window, reduced rates, weed emergence, weed growth.Abbreviations: POST, postemergence; PRE, preemergence.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
PRE herbicides reduced weed density and growth in glyphosate-resistant soybean.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- PRE herbicidese1
- Interactor
- broadleaf weedse1weed
- Outcome
- Weed density and growthe1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research conducted over 3 yr evaluated the utility of preemergence (PRE), soil-applied herbicides at half- and full-label rates in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“Weed density and growth were reduced when PRE herbicides were used, and in many cases for broadleaf weeds, half-label rates were as effective as full rates”
Claim · model-written summary
For broadleaf weeds, half-label herbicide rates were as effective as full rates.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- half-label ratese1
- Interactor
- broadleaf weedse1weed
- Outcome
- effectivee1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
- Comparator
- full ratese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research conducted over 3 yr evaluated the utility of preemergence (PRE), soil-applied herbicides at half- and full-label rates in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“Weed density and growth were reduced when PRE herbicides were used, and in many cases for broadleaf weeds, half-label rates were as effective as full rates”
Claim · model-written summary
No herbicide provided complete control of all weeds.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- complete control of all weedse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research conducted over 3 yr evaluated the utility of preemergence (PRE), soil-applied herbicides at half- and full-label rates in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e2“None of the herbicides provided complete control of all weeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfentrazone plus chlorimuron reduced ivyleaf morningglory density by an average of 90%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Sulfentrazone plus chlorimurone3
- Interactor
- ivyleaf morningglory
Ipomoea hederaceae3weed - Outcome
- ivyleaf morningglory densitye3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 90%e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research conducted over 3 yr evaluated the utility of preemergence (PRE), soil-applied herbicides at half- and full-label rates in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e3“Sulfentrazone plus chlorimuron reduced ivyleaf morningglory density an average of 90%”
Claim · model-written summary
Metribuzin plus chlorimuron reduced hemp sesbania weed emergence over 3 years by at least 95%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- metribuzin plus chlorimurone4
- Interactor
- hemp sesbaniae4weed
- Outcome
- weed emergencee4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Value
- at least 95%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research conducted over 3 yr evaluated the utility of preemergence (PRE), soil-applied herbicides at half- and full-label rates in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e4“For hemp sesbania, metribuzin plus chlorimuron reduced weed emergence over 3 yr at least 95%”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1998, soil-applied herbicide treatments extended the glyphosate application period by 3 to 5 days compared with the nontreated control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- soil-applied herbicide treatmentse5
- Outcome
- time period of glyphosate applicatione5
- Direction
- extendede5
- Value
- 3 to 5 de5
- Comparator
- nontreated controle5
- Setting
- 1998e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research conducted over 3 yr evaluated the utility of preemergence (PRE), soil-applied herbicides at half- and full-label rates in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e5“In 1998 all soil-applied herbicide treatments extended the time period of glyphosate application by 3 to 5 d when compared with the nontreated control”
Claim · model-written summary
In 1999, the full rate of metribuzin plus chlorimuron delayed glyphosate application by 6 days.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- full rate of metribuzin plus chlorimurone6
- Outcome
- application of glyphosatee6
- Direction
- delayede6
- Value
- 6 de6
- Setting
- 1999e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research conducted over 3 yr evaluated the utility of preemergence (PRE), soil-applied herbicides at half- and full-label rates in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e6“In 1999 the full rate of metribuzin plus chlorimuron delayed the application of glyphosate by 6 d, and an extension of 7 d was noted for the full rates of sulfentrazone or metribuzin plus chlorimuron in 2000”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2000, the full rates of sulfentrazone or metribuzin plus chlorimuron extended the glyphosate application period by 7 days.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- the full rates of sulfentrazone or metribuzin plus chlorimurone6
- Outcome
- application of glyphosatee6
- Direction
- extensione6
- Value
- 7 de6
- Setting
- 2000e6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research conducted over 3 yr evaluated the utility of preemergence (PRE), soil-applied herbicides at half- and full-label rates in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e6“In 1999 the full rate of metribuzin plus chlorimuron delayed the application of glyphosate by 6 d, and an extension of 7 d was noted for the full rates of sulfentrazone or metribuzin plus chlorimuron in 2000”
Claim · model-written summary
With soil-applied herbicides used each year, only a single glyphosate application was needed.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- soil-applied herbicides were used each yeare1
- Outcome
- single application of glyphosatee1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research conducted over 3 yr evaluated the utility of preemergence (PRE), soil-applied herbicides at half- and full-label rates in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“When soil-applied herbicides were used each year, only a single application of glyphosate was needed”
Claim · model-written summary
Without soil-applied herbicides, a second glyphosate application was needed in 1 year.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- soil-applied herbicides were not usede1
- Outcome
- second glyphosate applicatione1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Qualifier
- 1 yre1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research conducted over 3 yr evaluated the utility of preemergence (PRE), soil-applied herbicides at half- and full-label rates in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“A second glyphosate application was needed in only 1 yr when soil-applied herbicides were not used”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean yield was the same among herbicide treatments despite differences in weed control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- herbicide treatmentse1
- Outcome
- soybean yielde1
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research conducted over 3 yr evaluated the utility of preemergence (PRE), soil-applied herbicides at half- and full-label rates in glyphosate-resistant soybean”
e1“Even though differences in weed control were observed among the herbicide treatments, soybean yield was the same”
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See all 297 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.