Abstract
In order to elucidate more fully the function of a potato gene (MAL1) encoding alpha-glucosidase activity, transgenic plants in which MAL1 expression was down-regulated were generated using antisense technology. In transgenic lines severely down-regulated in the expression of MAL1, total alpha-glucosidase activity was not decreased in leaves and tubers, and the contents of starch, glucose, fructose and sucrose remained unchanged in tubers. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the MAL1 gene product was more similar to the glycoprotein-processing alpha-glucosidase II of mammalian and yeast origin than to other plant alpha-glucosidases. Using [14C-Glc]-labelled Glc2Man9GlcNAc2 as a substrate, it was demonstrated that glucosidase II activity was markedly down-regulated in microsomes isolated from tubers of four independent antisense lines studied in detail, strongly suggesting that MAL1 encodes glucosidase II activity. In field trials (but not in the glasshouse), MAL1 down-regulation produced an extremely stunted phenotype - the leaves were curled and tuber yield was decreased by 90% compared to control values. Microscopic analysis of leaves revealed significant differences between the antisense and control samples. Plants with down-regulated glucosidase II activity showed a greater degree of plasmolysis, and an increase in the size of mesophyll intracellular spaces. Analysis of cell walls also indicated changes in structure as a result of MAL1 down-regulation. In leaves from four antisense lines, the steady-state transcript level corresponding to the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone, BiP, was enhanced. This is diagnostic of stress in the endoplasmic reticulum.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Down-regulation of MAL1 did not decrease total alpha-glucosidase activity in potato leaves and tubers.
- Taxon
- potato
Solanum tuberosume0 - Treatment
- antisense technologye2
- Gene
- MAL1e2
- Outcome
- total alpha-glucosidase activitye1
- Direction
- not decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In order to elucidate more fully the function of a potato gene (MAL1) encoding alpha-glucosidase activity”
e2“transgenic plants in which MAL1 expression was down-regulated were generated using antisense technology”
e1“In transgenic lines severely down-regulated in the expression of MAL1, total alpha-glucosidase activity was not decreased in leaves and tubers”
Claim · model-written summary
Down-regulation of MAL1 left the starch, glucose, fructose and sucrose contents of potato tubers unchanged.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Organ / stage
- tuberse1
- Treatment
- down-regulated in the expression of MAL1e1
- Outcome
- the contents of starch, glucose, fructose and sucrosee1
- Direction
- remained unchangede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In order to elucidate more fully the function of a potato gene (MAL1) encoding alpha-glucosidase activity”
e1“In transgenic lines severely down-regulated in the expression of MAL1, total alpha-glucosidase activity was not decreased in leaves and tubers, and the contents of starch, glucose, fructose and sucrose remained unchanged in tubers”
Claim · model-written summary
The MAL1 gene product is more similar to glycoprotein-processing alpha-glucosidase II of mammalian and yeast origin than to other plant alpha-glucosidases.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Gene
- MAL1 gene producte2
- Outcome
- more similare2
- Comparator
- other plant alpha-glucosidasese2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In order to elucidate more fully the function of a potato gene (MAL1) encoding alpha-glucosidase activity”
e2“Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the MAL1 gene product was more similar to the glycoprotein-processing alpha-glucosidase II of mammalian and yeast origin than to other plant alpha-glucosidases”
Claim · model-written summary
Glucosidase II activity was markedly down-regulated in microsomes from potato tubers of four independent antisense lines.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Organ / stage
- tuberse3
- Treatment
- four independent antisense linese3
- Outcome
- glucosidase II activitye3
- Direction
- markedly down-regulatede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In order to elucidate more fully the function of a potato gene (MAL1) encoding alpha-glucosidase activity”
e3“glucosidase II activity was markedly down-regulated in microsomes isolated from tubers of four independent antisense lines studied in detail, strongly suggesting that MAL1 encodes glucosidase II activity”
Claim · model-written summary
MAL1 likely encodes glucosidase II activity in potato.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Gene
- MAL1e3
- Outcome
- glucosidase II activitye3
- Qualifier
- strongly suggestinge3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In order to elucidate more fully the function of a potato gene (MAL1) encoding alpha-glucosidase activity”
e3“glucosidase II activity was markedly down-regulated in microsomes isolated from tubers of four independent antisense lines studied in detail, strongly suggesting that MAL1 encodes glucosidase II activity”
Claim · model-written summary
In field trials, MAL1 down-regulation decreased potato tuber yield by 90% compared with control values.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- MAL1 down-regulatione4
- Gene
- MAL1e4
- Outcome
- tuber yielde4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Value
- 90%e4
- Comparator
- control valuese4
- Setting
- field trialse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In order to elucidate more fully the function of a potato gene (MAL1) encoding alpha-glucosidase activity”
e4“In field trials (but not in the glasshouse), MAL1 down-regulation produced an extremely stunted phenotype - the leaves were curled and tuber yield was decreased by 90% compared to control values”
Claim · model-written summary
In field trials, MAL1 down-regulation produced an extremely stunted potato phenotype with curled leaves.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- MAL1 down-regulatione4
- Outcome
- extremely stunted phenotypee4
- Qualifier
- the leaves were curlede4
- Setting
- field trialse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In order to elucidate more fully the function of a potato gene (MAL1) encoding alpha-glucosidase activity”
e4“In field trials (but not in the glasshouse), MAL1 down-regulation produced an extremely stunted phenotype - the leaves were curled and tuber yield was decreased by 90% compared to control values”
Claim · model-written summary
MAL1 down-regulation did not produce the stunted phenotype in the glasshouse.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- MAL1 down-regulatione4
- Outcome
- stunted phenotypee4
- Setting
- glasshousee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In order to elucidate more fully the function of a potato gene (MAL1) encoding alpha-glucosidase activity”
e4“In field trials (but not in the glasshouse), MAL1 down-regulation produced an extremely stunted phenotype - the leaves were curled and tuber yield was decreased by 90% compared to control values”
Claim · model-written summary
Potato plants with down-regulated glucosidase II activity showed a greater degree of plasmolysis in leaves.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- down-regulated glucosidase II activitye5
- Outcome
- plasmolysise5
- Direction
- greater degreee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In order to elucidate more fully the function of a potato gene (MAL1) encoding alpha-glucosidase activity”
e5“Plants with down-regulated glucosidase II activity showed a greater degree of plasmolysis, and an increase in the size of mesophyll intracellular spaces”
Claim · model-written summary
Potato plants with down-regulated glucosidase II activity showed an increase in the size of mesophyll intracellular spaces.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- down-regulated glucosidase II activitye5
- Outcome
- size of mesophyll intracellular spacese5
- Direction
- increasee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In order to elucidate more fully the function of a potato gene (MAL1) encoding alpha-glucosidase activity”
e5“Plants with down-regulated glucosidase II activity showed a greater degree of plasmolysis, and an increase in the size of mesophyll intracellular spaces”
Claim · model-written summary
Microscopic analysis of potato leaves revealed significant differences between antisense and control samples.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Organ / stage
- leavese1
- Treatment
- antisensee1
- Outcome
- significant differences between the antisense and control samplese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In order to elucidate more fully the function of a potato gene (MAL1) encoding alpha-glucosidase activity”
e1“Microscopic analysis of leaves revealed significant differences between the antisense and control samples”
Claim · model-written summary
MAL1 down-regulation changed the structure of potato cell walls.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Treatment
- MAL1 down-regulatione6
- Outcome
- changes in structuree6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In order to elucidate more fully the function of a potato gene (MAL1) encoding alpha-glucosidase activity”
e6“Analysis of cell walls also indicated changes in structure as a result of MAL1 down-regulation”
Claim · model-written summary
The BiP transcript level was enhanced in leaves of four potato antisense lines.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Organ / stage
- leavese7
- Treatment
- four antisense linese7
- Gene
- BiPe7
- Outcome
- steady-state transcript levele7
- Direction
- enhancede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In order to elucidate more fully the function of a potato gene (MAL1) encoding alpha-glucosidase activity”
e7“In leaves from four antisense lines, the steady-state transcript level corresponding to the endoplasmic reticulum chaperone, BiP, was enhanced”
Claim · model-written summary
Enhanced BiP expression in potato antisense lines indicates stress in the endoplasmic reticulum.
- Taxon
- potatoSolanum tuberosume0
- Outcome
- stress in the endoplasmic reticulume1
- Qualifier
- This is diagnostic of stress in the endoplasmic reticulume1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In order to elucidate more fully the function of a potato gene (MAL1) encoding alpha-glucosidase activity”
e1“This is diagnostic of stress in the endoplasmic reticulum”
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