Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana plants treated with exogenous cytokinins accumulate anthocyanin pigments. We have characterized this response because it is potentially useful as a genetic marker for cytokinin responsiveness. Levels of mRNAs for four genes of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, phenylalanine ammonia lyase 1 (PAL1), chalcone synthase (CHS), chalcone isomerase (CHI), and dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR) were shown to increase coordinately in response to benzyladenine (BA). However, nuclear run-on transcription experiments suggested that although CHS and DFR are controlled by BA at the transcriptional level, PAL1 and CHI are controlled by BA posttranscriptionally. CHS mRNA levels increased within 2 h of BA spray application, and peaked by 3 h. Levels of PAL1 mRNA did not increase within 6 h of BA spray. We also showed that PAL1, CHS, CHI, and DFR mRNA levels fluctuate during a 24-h period and appear to be controlled by a circadian clock. The relation between cytokinin regulation and light regulation of CHS gene transcription is discussed.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous cytokinins caused Arabidopsis thaliana plants to accumulate anthocyanin pigments.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae0 - Treatment
- exogenous cytokininse0
- Outcome
- anthocyanin pigmentse0
- Direction
- accumulatee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Arabidopsis thaliana plants treated with exogenous cytokinins accumulate anthocyanin pigments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Benzyladenine coordinately increased PAL1, CHS, CHI, and DFR mRNAs.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- benzyladenine (BA)e0
- Gene
- phenylalanine ammonia lyase 1 (PAL1), chalcone synthase (CHS), chalcone isomerase (CHI), and dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR)e0
- Outcome
- Levels of mRNAse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Levels of mRNAs for four genes of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, phenylalanine ammonia lyase 1 (PAL1), chalcone synthase (CHS), chalcone isomerase (CHI), and dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR) were shown to increase coordinately in response to benzyladenine (BA).”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
BA controlled CHS and DFR transcription.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- BAe0
- Gene
- CHS and DFRe0
- Outcome
- controlled by BA at the transcriptional levele0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“although CHS and DFR are controlled by BA at the transcriptional level”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
BA controlled PAL1 and CHI after transcription.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- BAe0
- Gene
- PAL1 and CHIe0
- Outcome
- controlled by BA posttranscriptionallye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PAL1 and CHI are controlled by BA posttranscriptionally”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
CHS mRNA rose within 2 hours of BA spray and peaked by 3 hours.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- BA spray applicatione0
- Gene
- CHSe0
- Outcome
- CHS mRNA levelse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- within 2 h of BA spray application, and peaked by 3 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CHS mRNA levels increased within 2 h of BA spray application, and peaked by 3 h.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
PAL1 mRNA did not rise within 6 hours of BA spray.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Treatment
- BA spraye0
- Gene
- PAL1e0
- Outcome
- Levels of PAL1 mRNAe0
- Direction
- did not increasee0
- Qualifier
- within 6 he0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Levels of PAL1 mRNA did not increase within 6 h of BA spray.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
Claim · model-written summary
PAL1, CHS, CHI, and DFR mRNA levels fluctuated over 24 hours and appeared circadian controlled.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianat0
- Gene
- PAL1, CHS, CHI, and DFRe0
- Outcome
- mRNA levels fluctuatee0
- Qualifier
- during a 24-h period and appear to be controlled by a circadian clocke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PAL1, CHS, CHI, and DFR mRNA levels fluctuate during a 24-h period and appear to be controlled by a circadian clock.”
t0“Arabidopsis thaliana”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.