Abstract
Field experiment was conducted on fodder maize to explore the potential of integrated use of chemical, organic and biofertilizers for improving maize growth, beneficial microflora in the rhizosphere and the economic returns. The treatments were designed to make comparison of NPK fertilizer with different combinations of half dose of NP with organic and biofertilizers viz. biological potassium fertilizer (BPF), Biopower, effective microorganisms (EM) and green force compost (GFC). Data reflected maximum crop growth in terms of plant height, leaf area and fresh biomass with the treatment of full NPK; and it was followed by BPF+full NP. The highest uptake of NPK nutrients by crop was recorded as: N under half NP+Biopower; P in BPF+full NP; and K from full NPK. The rhizosphere microflora enumeration revealed that Biopower+EM applied along with half dose of GFC soil conditioner (SC) or NP fertilizer gave the highest count of N-fixing bacteria ( Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Azoarcus and Zoogloea ). Regarding the P-solubilizing bacteria, Bacillus was having maximum population with Biopower+BPF+half NP, and Pseudomonas under Biopower+EM+half NP treatment. It was concluded that integration of half dose of NP fertilizer with Biopower+BPF / EM can give similar crop yield as with full rate of NP fertilizer; and through reduced use of fertilizers the production cost is minimized and the net return maximized. However, the integration of half dose of NP fertilizer with biofertilizers and compost did not give maize fodder growth and yield comparable to that from full dose of NPK fertilizers.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Full NPK produced maximum maize height, leaf area and fresh biomass, followed by BPF plus full NP.
Verbatim
e0“maximum crop growth in terms of plant height, leaf area and fresh biomass with the treatment of full NPK; and it was followed by BPF+full NP”
e1“fodder maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Half NP plus Biopower gave the highest maize N uptake.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The highest uptake of NPK nutrients by crop was recorded as: N under half NP+Biopower; P in BPF+full NP; and K from full NPK”
e1“fodder maize”
Claim · model-written summary
BPF plus full NP gave the highest maize P uptake.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The highest uptake of NPK nutrients by crop was recorded as: N under half NP+Biopower; P in BPF+full NP; and K from full NPK”
e1“fodder maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Full NPK gave the highest maize K uptake.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The highest uptake of NPK nutrients by crop was recorded as: N under half NP+Biopower; P in BPF+full NP; and K from full NPK”
e1“fodder maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Biopower plus EM with half GFC or NP gave the highest rhizosphere N-fixing bacterial count.
- Taxon
- fodder maizee1
- Treatment
- Biopower+EM applied along with half dose of GFC soil conditioner (SC) or NP fertilizere0
- Interactor
- Azotobacter
Azotobactere0symbiont - Outcome
- count of N-fixing bacteriae0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- Azospirillum, Azoarcus and Zoogloeae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Biopower+EM applied along with half dose of GFC soil conditioner (SC) or NP fertilizer gave the highest count of N-fixing bacteria ( Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Azoarcus and Zoogloea )”
e1“fodder maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Biopower plus BPF plus half NP gave the maximum Bacillus population.
- Taxon
- fodder maizee1
- Treatment
- Biopower+BPF+half NPe0
- Interactor
- Bacilluse0symbiont
- Outcome
- Bacillus was having maximum populatione0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Bacillus was having maximum population with Biopower+BPF+half NP”
e1“fodder maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Biopower plus EM plus half NP gave the maximum Pseudomonas population.
- Taxon
- fodder maizee1
- Treatment
- Biopower+EM+half NPe0
- Interactor
- Pseudomonas
Pseudomonase0symbiont - Outcome
- Pseudomonase0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pseudomonas under Biopower+EM+half NP treatment”
e1“fodder maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Half NP plus Biopower with BPF or EM gave similar maize yield to full NP.
Verbatim
e0“integration of half dose of NP fertilizer with Biopower+BPF / EM can give similar crop yield as with full rate of NP fertilizer”
e1“fodder maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced fertilizer use minimized production cost.
- Taxon
- fodder maizee1
- Treatment
- reduced use of fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- production coste0
- Direction
- minimizede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“through reduced use of fertilizers the production cost is minimized”
e1“fodder maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced fertilizer use maximized net return.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“through reduced use of fertilizers the production cost is minimized and the net return maximized”
e1“fodder maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Half NP plus biofertilizers and compost produced less maize fodder growth than full NPK.
- Treatment
- half dose of NP fertilizer with biofertilizers and composte0
- Outcome
- maize fodder growthe0
- Direction
- did not givee0
- Comparator
- full dose of NPK fertilizerse0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the integration of half dose of NP fertilizer with biofertilizers and compost did not give maize fodder growth and yield comparable to that from full dose of NPK fertilizers”
Claim · model-written summary
Half NP plus biofertilizers and compost produced less maize fodder yield than full NPK.
- Treatment
- half dose of NP fertilizer with biofertilizers and composte0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- did not givee0
- Comparator
- full dose of NPK fertilizerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the integration of half dose of NP fertilizer with biofertilizers and compost did not give maize fodder growth and yield comparable to that from full dose of NPK fertilizers”
The same questions in other papers
nanoparticle · pest · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →fertilization · pest · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
41 papers in the same direction as this paper · 20 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
60 papers more in this group
See all 64 papers →nanoparticle · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
66 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
73 papers more in this group
See all 77 papers →nanoparticle · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 161 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
178 papers more in this group
See all 182 papers →nanoparticle · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 215 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
229 papers more in this group
See all 233 papers →inoculation · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
58 papers in the same direction as this paper · 479 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
534 papers more in this group
See all 538 papers →inoculation · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
63 papers in the same direction as this paper · 635 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
695 papers more in this group
See all 699 papers →fertilization · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1,025 papers in the same direction as this paper · 127 in the opposite direction · 11 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
1,160 papers more in this group
See all 1,164 papers →8 of 13 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.